diff --git a/weed/s3api/s3api_bucket_handlers_object_lock_config.go b/weed/s3api/s3api_bucket_handlers_object_lock_config.go
index 2c4be3b33..9ff12a086 100644
--- a/weed/s3api/s3api_bucket_handlers_object_lock_config.go
+++ b/weed/s3api/s3api_bucket_handlers_object_lock_config.go
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"encoding/xml"
 	"net/http"
 
+	"errors"
+
 	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/glog"
 	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/s3api/s3_constants"
 	"github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/s3api/s3err"
@@ -17,7 +19,16 @@ func (s3a *S3ApiServer) PutObjectLockConfigurationHandler(w http.ResponseWriter,
 	glog.V(3).Infof("PutObjectLockConfigurationHandler %s", bucket)
 
 	// Check if Object Lock is available for this bucket (requires versioning)
-	if !s3a.handleObjectLockAvailabilityCheck(w, r, bucket, "PutObjectLockConfigurationHandler") {
+	// For bucket-level operations, return InvalidBucketState (409) when object lock is not available
+	if err := s3a.isObjectLockAvailable(bucket); err != nil {
+		glog.Errorf("PutObjectLockConfigurationHandler: object lock not available for bucket %s: %v", bucket, err)
+		if errors.Is(err, ErrBucketNotFound) {
+			s3err.WriteErrorResponse(w, r, s3err.ErrNoSuchBucket)
+		} else {
+			// Return InvalidBucketState for bucket-level object lock operations on buckets without object lock enabled
+			// This matches AWS S3 behavior and s3-tests expectations (409 Conflict)
+			s3err.WriteErrorResponse(w, r, s3err.ErrInvalidBucketState)
+		}
 		return
 	}
 
diff --git a/weed/s3api/s3api_object_retention.go b/weed/s3api/s3api_object_retention.go
index f0adb28fd..671ab0858 100644
--- a/weed/s3api/s3api_object_retention.go
+++ b/weed/s3api/s3api_object_retention.go
@@ -348,18 +348,26 @@ func (s3a *S3ApiServer) setObjectRetention(bucket, object, versionId string, ret
 	// Check if object is already under retention
 	if entry.Extended != nil {
 		if existingMode, exists := entry.Extended[s3_constants.ExtObjectLockModeKey]; exists {
-			if string(existingMode) == s3_constants.RetentionModeCompliance && !bypassGovernance {
-				// Return 403 Forbidden for compliance mode changes without bypass
-				return ErrComplianceModeActive
-			}
-
 			if existingDateBytes, dateExists := entry.Extended[s3_constants.ExtRetentionUntilDateKey]; dateExists {
 				if timestamp, err := strconv.ParseInt(string(existingDateBytes), 10, 64); err == nil {
 					existingDate := time.Unix(timestamp, 0)
-					if existingDate.After(time.Now()) && string(existingMode) == s3_constants.RetentionModeGovernance && !bypassGovernance {
-						// Return 403 Forbidden for governance mode changes without bypass
-						return ErrGovernanceModeActive
+
+					// Check if the new retention date is earlier than the existing one
+					if retention.RetainUntilDate != nil && retention.RetainUntilDate.Before(existingDate) {
+						// Attempting to decrease retention period
+						if string(existingMode) == s3_constants.RetentionModeCompliance {
+							// Cannot decrease compliance mode retention without bypass
+							return ErrComplianceModeActive
+						}
+
+						if string(existingMode) == s3_constants.RetentionModeGovernance && !bypassGovernance {
+							// Cannot decrease governance mode retention without bypass
+							return ErrGovernanceModeActive
+						}
 					}
+
+					// If new retention date is later or same, allow the operation
+					// This covers both increasing retention period and overriding with same/later date
 				}
 			}
 		}