diff --git a/seaweed-volume/Cargo.toml b/seaweed-volume/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fa9272b9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/seaweed-volume/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+[package]
+name = "seaweed-volume"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+description = "SeaweedFS Volume Server — Rust implementation"
+
+[dependencies]
+# Async runtime
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
+
+# gRPC + protobuf
+tonic = { version = "0.12", features = ["tls"] }
+prost = "0.13"
+prost-types = "0.13"
+
+# HTTP server
+axum = { version = "0.7", features = ["multipart"] }
+hyper = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
+hyper-util = { version = "0.1", features = ["tokio"] }
+tower = "0.4"
+tower-http = { version = "0.5", features = ["cors", "trace"] }
+
+# CLI
+clap = { version = "4", features = ["derive"] }
+
+# Metrics
+prometheus = { version = "0.13", features = ["process"] }
+
+# JWT
+jsonwebtoken = "9"
+
+# TLS
+rustls = "0.23"
+tokio-rustls = "0.26"
+rustls-pemfile = "2"
+
+# LevelDB (via RocksDB for better Rust support)
+# Using rusty-leveldb for pure Rust LevelDB
+rusty-leveldb = "3"
+
+# Reed-Solomon erasure coding
+reed-solomon-erasure = "6"
+
+# Logging
+tracing = "0.1"
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["env-filter"] }
+
+# Config
+toml = "0.8"
+serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1"
+
+# CRC32
+crc32fast = "1"
+
+# Memory-mapped files
+memmap2 = "0.9"
+
+# UUID
+uuid = { version = "1", features = ["v4"] }
+
+# HTTP client (for proxying, remote fetch)
+reqwest = { version = "0.12", features = ["rustls-tls", "stream"] }
+
+# Misc
+bytes = "1"
+rand = "0.8"
+chrono = "0.4"
+hex = "0.4"
+parking_lot = "0.12"
+dashmap = "6"
+thiserror = "1"
+anyhow = "1"
+async-trait = "0.1"
+futures = "0.3"
+
+# Disk space checking
+sysinfo = "0.31"
+
+[build-dependencies]
+tonic-build = "0.12"
diff --git a/seaweed-volume/build.rs b/seaweed-volume/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1ef8b0699
--- /dev/null
+++ b/seaweed-volume/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    tonic_build::configure()
+        .build_server(true)
+        .build_client(true)
+        .compile_protos(
+            &[
+                "proto/volume_server.proto",
+                "proto/master.proto",
+                "proto/remote.proto",
+            ],
+            &["proto/"],
+        )?;
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/seaweed-volume/proto/master.proto b/seaweed-volume/proto/master.proto
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8289cd233
--- /dev/null
+++ b/seaweed-volume/proto/master.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package master_pb;
+
+option go_package = "github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/pb/master_pb";
+
+import "volume_server.proto";
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+service Seaweed {
+  rpc SendHeartbeat (stream Heartbeat) returns (stream HeartbeatResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc KeepConnected (stream KeepConnectedRequest) returns (stream KeepConnectedResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc LookupVolume (LookupVolumeRequest) returns (LookupVolumeResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc Assign (AssignRequest) returns (AssignResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc StreamAssign (stream AssignRequest) returns (stream AssignResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc Statistics (StatisticsRequest) returns (StatisticsResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc CollectionList (CollectionListRequest) returns (CollectionListResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc CollectionDelete (CollectionDeleteRequest) returns (CollectionDeleteResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc VolumeList (VolumeListRequest) returns (VolumeListResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc LookupEcVolume (LookupEcVolumeRequest) returns (LookupEcVolumeResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc VacuumVolume (VacuumVolumeRequest) returns (VacuumVolumeResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc DisableVacuum (DisableVacuumRequest) returns (DisableVacuumResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc EnableVacuum (EnableVacuumRequest) returns (EnableVacuumResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc VolumeMarkReadonly (VolumeMarkReadonlyRequest) returns (VolumeMarkReadonlyResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc GetMasterConfiguration (GetMasterConfigurationRequest) returns (GetMasterConfigurationResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc ListClusterNodes (ListClusterNodesRequest) returns (ListClusterNodesResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc LeaseAdminToken (LeaseAdminTokenRequest) returns (LeaseAdminTokenResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc ReleaseAdminToken (ReleaseAdminTokenRequest) returns (ReleaseAdminTokenResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc Ping (PingRequest) returns (PingResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc RaftListClusterServers (RaftListClusterServersRequest) returns (RaftListClusterServersResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc RaftAddServer (RaftAddServerRequest) returns (RaftAddServerResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc RaftRemoveServer (RaftRemoveServerRequest) returns (RaftRemoveServerResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc RaftLeadershipTransfer (RaftLeadershipTransferRequest) returns (RaftLeadershipTransferResponse) {
+  }
+  rpc VolumeGrow (VolumeGrowRequest) returns (VolumeGrowResponse) {
+  }
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+message DiskTag {
+  uint32 disk_id = 1;
+  repeated string tags = 2;
+}
+
+message Heartbeat {
+  string ip = 1;
+  uint32 port = 2;
+  string public_url = 3;
+  uint64 max_file_key = 5;
+  string data_center = 6;
+  string rack = 7;
+  uint32 admin_port = 8;
+  repeated VolumeInformationMessage volumes = 9;
+  // delta volumes
+  repeated VolumeShortInformationMessage new_volumes = 10;
+  repeated VolumeShortInformationMessage deleted_volumes = 11;
+  bool has_no_volumes = 12;
+
+  // erasure coding
+  repeated VolumeEcShardInformationMessage ec_shards = 16;
+  // delta erasure coding shards
+  repeated VolumeEcShardInformationMessage new_ec_shards = 17;
+  repeated VolumeEcShardInformationMessage deleted_ec_shards = 18;
+  bool has_no_ec_shards = 19;
+
+  map<string, uint32> max_volume_counts = 4;
+  uint32 grpc_port = 20;
+  repeated string location_uuids = 21;
+  string id = 22; // volume server id, independent of ip:port for stable identification
+
+  // state flags
+  volume_server_pb.VolumeServerState state = 23;
+
+  repeated DiskTag disk_tags = 24;
+}
+
+message HeartbeatResponse {
+  uint64 volume_size_limit = 1;
+  string leader = 2;
+  string metrics_address = 3;
+  uint32 metrics_interval_seconds = 4;
+  repeated StorageBackend storage_backends = 5;
+  repeated string duplicated_uuids = 6;
+  bool preallocate = 7;
+}
+
+message VolumeInformationMessage {
+  uint32 id = 1;
+  uint64 size = 2;
+  string collection = 3;
+  uint64 file_count = 4;
+  uint64 delete_count = 5;
+  uint64 deleted_byte_count = 6;
+  bool read_only = 7;
+  uint32 replica_placement = 8;
+  uint32 version = 9;
+  uint32 ttl = 10;
+  uint32 compact_revision = 11;
+  int64 modified_at_second = 12;
+  string remote_storage_name = 13;
+  string remote_storage_key = 14;
+  string disk_type = 15;
+  uint32 disk_id = 16;
+}
+
+message VolumeShortInformationMessage {
+  uint32 id = 1;
+  string collection = 3;
+  uint32 replica_placement = 8;
+  uint32 version = 9;
+  uint32 ttl = 10;
+  string disk_type = 15;
+  uint32 disk_id = 16;
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardInformationMessage {
+  uint32 id = 1;
+  string collection = 2;
+  uint32 ec_index_bits = 3;
+  string disk_type = 4;
+  uint64 expire_at_sec = 5; // used to record the destruction time of ec volume
+  uint32 disk_id = 6;
+  repeated int64 shard_sizes = 7; // optimized: sizes for shards in order of set bits in ec_index_bits
+}
+
+message StorageBackend {
+  string type = 1;
+  string id = 2;
+  map<string, string> properties = 3;
+}
+
+message Empty {
+}
+
+message SuperBlockExtra {
+  message ErasureCoding {
+    uint32 data = 1;
+    uint32 parity = 2;
+    repeated uint32 volume_ids = 3;
+  }
+  ErasureCoding erasure_coding = 1;
+}
+
+message KeepConnectedRequest {
+  string client_type = 1;
+  string client_address = 3;
+  string version = 4;
+  string filer_group = 5;
+  string data_center = 6;
+  string rack = 7;
+}
+
+message VolumeLocation {
+  string url = 1;
+  string public_url = 2;
+  repeated uint32 new_vids = 3;
+  repeated uint32 deleted_vids = 4;
+  string leader = 5; // optional when leader is not itself
+  string data_center = 6; // optional when DataCenter is in use
+  uint32 grpc_port = 7;
+  repeated uint32 new_ec_vids = 8;
+  repeated uint32 deleted_ec_vids = 9;
+}
+
+message ClusterNodeUpdate {
+  string node_type = 1;
+  string address = 2;
+  bool is_add = 4;
+  string filer_group = 5;
+  int64 created_at_ns = 6;
+}
+
+message KeepConnectedResponse {
+  VolumeLocation volume_location = 1;
+  ClusterNodeUpdate cluster_node_update = 2;
+}
+
+message LookupVolumeRequest {
+  repeated string volume_or_file_ids = 1;
+  string collection = 2; // optional, a bit faster if provided.
+}
+message LookupVolumeResponse {
+  message VolumeIdLocation {
+    string volume_or_file_id = 1;
+    repeated Location locations = 2;
+    string error = 3;
+    string auth = 4;
+  }
+  repeated VolumeIdLocation volume_id_locations = 1;
+}
+
+message Location {
+  string url = 1;
+  string public_url = 2;
+  uint32 grpc_port = 3;
+  string data_center = 4;
+}
+
+message AssignRequest {
+  uint64 count = 1;
+  string replication = 2;
+  string collection = 3;
+  string ttl = 4;
+  string data_center = 5;
+  string rack = 6;
+  string data_node = 7;
+  uint32 memory_map_max_size_mb = 8;
+  uint32 writable_volume_count = 9;
+  string disk_type = 10;
+}
+
+message VolumeGrowRequest {
+  uint32 writable_volume_count = 1;
+  string replication = 2;
+  string collection = 3;
+  string ttl = 4;
+  string data_center = 5;
+  string rack = 6;
+  string data_node = 7;
+  uint32 memory_map_max_size_mb = 8;
+  string disk_type = 9;
+}
+
+message AssignResponse {
+  string fid = 1;
+  uint64 count = 4;
+  string error = 5;
+  string auth = 6;
+  repeated Location replicas = 7;
+  Location location = 8;
+}
+
+message StatisticsRequest {
+  string replication = 1;
+  string collection = 2;
+  string ttl = 3;
+  string disk_type = 4;
+}
+message StatisticsResponse {
+  uint64 total_size = 4;
+  uint64 used_size = 5;
+  uint64 file_count = 6;
+}
+
+//
+// collection related
+//
+message Collection {
+  string name = 1;
+}
+message CollectionListRequest {
+  bool include_normal_volumes = 1;
+  bool include_ec_volumes = 2;
+}
+message CollectionListResponse {
+  repeated Collection collections = 1;
+}
+
+message CollectionDeleteRequest {
+  string name = 1;
+}
+message CollectionDeleteResponse {
+}
+
+//
+// volume related
+//
+message DiskInfo {
+  string type = 1;
+  int64 volume_count = 2;
+  int64 max_volume_count = 3;
+  int64 free_volume_count = 4;
+  int64 active_volume_count = 5;
+  repeated VolumeInformationMessage volume_infos = 6;
+  repeated VolumeEcShardInformationMessage ec_shard_infos = 7;
+  int64 remote_volume_count = 8;
+  uint32 disk_id = 9;
+  repeated string tags = 10;
+}
+message DataNodeInfo {
+  string id = 1;
+  map<string, DiskInfo> diskInfos = 2;
+  uint32 grpc_port = 3;
+  string address = 4; // ip:port for connecting to the volume server
+}
+message RackInfo {
+  string id = 1;
+  repeated DataNodeInfo data_node_infos = 2;
+  map<string, DiskInfo> diskInfos = 3;
+}
+message DataCenterInfo {
+  string id = 1;
+  repeated RackInfo rack_infos = 2;
+  map<string, DiskInfo> diskInfos = 3;
+}
+message TopologyInfo {
+  string id = 1;
+  repeated DataCenterInfo data_center_infos = 2;
+  map<string, DiskInfo> diskInfos = 3;
+}
+message VolumeListRequest {
+}
+message VolumeListResponse {
+  TopologyInfo topology_info = 1;
+  uint64 volume_size_limit_mb = 2;
+}
+
+message LookupEcVolumeRequest {
+  uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message LookupEcVolumeResponse {
+  uint32 volume_id = 1;
+  message EcShardIdLocation {
+    uint32 shard_id = 1;
+    repeated Location locations = 2;
+  }
+  repeated EcShardIdLocation shard_id_locations = 2;
+}
+
+message VacuumVolumeRequest {
+  float garbage_threshold = 1;
+  uint32 volume_id = 2;
+  string collection = 3;
+}
+message VacuumVolumeResponse {
+}
+
+message DisableVacuumRequest {
+}
+message DisableVacuumResponse {
+}
+
+message EnableVacuumRequest {
+}
+message EnableVacuumResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeMarkReadonlyRequest {
+  string ip = 1;
+  uint32 port = 2;
+  uint32 volume_id = 4;
+  string collection = 5;
+  uint32 replica_placement = 6;
+  uint32 version = 7;
+  uint32 ttl = 8;
+  string disk_type = 9;
+  bool is_readonly = 10;
+}
+message VolumeMarkReadonlyResponse {
+}
+
+message GetMasterConfigurationRequest {
+}
+message GetMasterConfigurationResponse {
+  string metrics_address = 1;
+  uint32 metrics_interval_seconds = 2;
+  repeated StorageBackend storage_backends = 3;
+  string default_replication = 4;
+  string leader = 5;
+  uint32 volume_size_limit_m_b = 6;
+  bool volume_preallocate = 7;
+  // MIGRATION: fields 8-9 help migrate master.toml [master.maintenance] to admin script plugin. Remove after March 2027.
+  string maintenance_scripts = 8;
+  uint32 maintenance_sleep_minutes = 9;
+}
+
+message ListClusterNodesRequest {
+  string client_type = 1;
+  string filer_group = 2;
+  int32 limit = 4;
+}
+message ListClusterNodesResponse {
+  message ClusterNode {
+    string address = 1;
+    string version = 2;
+    int64 created_at_ns = 4;
+    string data_center = 5;
+    string rack = 6;
+  }
+  repeated ClusterNode cluster_nodes = 1;
+}
+
+message LeaseAdminTokenRequest {
+  int64 previous_token = 1;
+  int64 previous_lock_time = 2;
+  string lock_name = 3;
+  string client_name = 4;
+  string message = 5;
+}
+message LeaseAdminTokenResponse {
+  int64 token = 1;
+  int64 lock_ts_ns = 2;
+}
+
+message ReleaseAdminTokenRequest {
+  int64 previous_token = 1;
+  int64 previous_lock_time = 2;
+  string lock_name = 3;
+}
+message ReleaseAdminTokenResponse {
+}
+
+message PingRequest {
+  string target = 1; // default to ping itself
+  string target_type = 2;
+}
+message PingResponse {
+  int64 start_time_ns = 1;
+  int64 remote_time_ns = 2;
+  int64 stop_time_ns = 3;
+}
+
+message RaftAddServerRequest {
+  string id = 1;
+  string address = 2;
+  bool voter = 3;
+}
+message RaftAddServerResponse {
+}
+
+message RaftRemoveServerRequest {
+  string id = 1;
+  bool force = 2;
+}
+message RaftRemoveServerResponse {
+}
+
+message RaftListClusterServersRequest {
+}
+message RaftListClusterServersResponse {
+  message ClusterServers {
+    string id = 1;
+    string address = 2;
+    string suffrage = 3;
+    bool   isLeader = 4;
+  }
+  repeated ClusterServers cluster_servers = 1;
+}
+
+message RaftLeadershipTransferRequest {
+  string target_id = 1;       // Optional: target server ID. If empty, transfers to any eligible follower
+  string target_address = 2;  // Optional: target server address. Required if target_id is specified
+}
+message RaftLeadershipTransferResponse {
+  string previous_leader = 1;
+  string new_leader = 2;
+}
+
+message VolumeGrowResponse {
+}
diff --git a/seaweed-volume/proto/remote.proto b/seaweed-volume/proto/remote.proto
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9d6d81ff5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/seaweed-volume/proto/remote.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package remote_pb;
+
+option go_package = "github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/pb/remote_pb";
+option java_package = "seaweedfs.client";
+option java_outer_classname = "FilerProto";
+
+/////////////////////////
+// Remote Storage related
+/////////////////////////
+message RemoteConf {
+  string type = 1;
+  string name = 2;
+  string s3_access_key = 4;
+  string s3_secret_key = 5;
+  string s3_region = 6;
+  string s3_endpoint = 7;
+  string s3_storage_class = 8;
+  bool s3_force_path_style = 9;
+  bool s3_support_tagging = 13;
+  bool s3_v4_signature = 11;
+
+  string gcs_google_application_credentials = 10;
+  string gcs_project_id = 12;
+
+  string azure_account_name = 15;
+  string azure_account_key = 16;
+
+  string backblaze_key_id = 20;
+  string backblaze_application_key = 21;
+  string backblaze_endpoint = 22;
+  string backblaze_region = 23;
+
+  string aliyun_access_key = 25;
+  string aliyun_secret_key = 26;
+  string aliyun_endpoint = 27;
+  string aliyun_region = 28;
+
+  string tencent_secret_id = 30;
+  string tencent_secret_key = 31;
+  string tencent_endpoint = 32;
+
+  string baidu_access_key = 35;
+  string baidu_secret_key = 36;
+  string baidu_endpoint = 37;
+  string baidu_region = 38;
+
+  string wasabi_access_key = 40;
+  string wasabi_secret_key = 41;
+  string wasabi_endpoint = 42;
+  string wasabi_region = 43;
+
+  string filebase_access_key = 60;
+  string filebase_secret_key = 61;
+  string filebase_endpoint = 62;
+
+  string storj_access_key = 65;
+  string storj_secret_key = 66;
+  string storj_endpoint = 67;
+
+  string contabo_access_key = 68;
+  string contabo_secret_key = 69;
+  string contabo_endpoint = 70;
+  string contabo_region = 71;
+}
+
+message RemoteStorageMapping {
+  map<string,RemoteStorageLocation> mappings = 1;
+  string primary_bucket_storage_name = 2;
+}
+message RemoteStorageLocation {
+  string name = 1;
+  string bucket = 2;
+  string path = 3;
+}
diff --git a/seaweed-volume/proto/volume_server.proto b/seaweed-volume/proto/volume_server.proto
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c1a9282bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/seaweed-volume/proto/volume_server.proto
@@ -0,0 +1,758 @@
+syntax = "proto3";
+
+package volume_server_pb;
+option go_package = "github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs/weed/pb/volume_server_pb";
+
+import "remote.proto";
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// Persistent state for volume servers.
+message VolumeServerState {
+    // whether the server is in maintenance (i.e. read-only) mode.
+    bool maintenance = 1;
+    // incremental version counter
+    uint32 version = 2;
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+service VolumeServer {
+    //Experts only: takes multiple fid parameters. This function does not propagate deletes to replicas.
+    rpc BatchDelete (BatchDeleteRequest) returns (BatchDeleteResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc VacuumVolumeCheck (VacuumVolumeCheckRequest) returns (VacuumVolumeCheckResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VacuumVolumeCompact (VacuumVolumeCompactRequest) returns (stream VacuumVolumeCompactResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VacuumVolumeCommit (VacuumVolumeCommitRequest) returns (VacuumVolumeCommitResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VacuumVolumeCleanup (VacuumVolumeCleanupRequest) returns (VacuumVolumeCleanupResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc DeleteCollection (DeleteCollectionRequest) returns (DeleteCollectionResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc AllocateVolume (AllocateVolumeRequest) returns (AllocateVolumeResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc VolumeSyncStatus (VolumeSyncStatusRequest) returns (VolumeSyncStatusResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeIncrementalCopy (VolumeIncrementalCopyRequest) returns (stream VolumeIncrementalCopyResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc VolumeMount (VolumeMountRequest) returns (VolumeMountResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeUnmount (VolumeUnmountRequest) returns (VolumeUnmountResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeDelete (VolumeDeleteRequest) returns (VolumeDeleteResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeMarkReadonly (VolumeMarkReadonlyRequest) returns (VolumeMarkReadonlyResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeMarkWritable (VolumeMarkWritableRequest) returns (VolumeMarkWritableResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeConfigure (VolumeConfigureRequest) returns (VolumeConfigureResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeStatus (VolumeStatusRequest) returns (VolumeStatusResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc GetState (GetStateRequest) returns (GetStateResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc SetState (SetStateRequest) returns (SetStateResponse) {
+    }
+
+    // copy the .idx .dat files, and mount this volume
+    rpc VolumeCopy (VolumeCopyRequest) returns (stream VolumeCopyResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc ReadVolumeFileStatus (ReadVolumeFileStatusRequest) returns (ReadVolumeFileStatusResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc CopyFile (CopyFileRequest) returns (stream CopyFileResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc ReceiveFile (stream ReceiveFileRequest) returns (ReceiveFileResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc ReadNeedleBlob (ReadNeedleBlobRequest) returns (ReadNeedleBlobResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc ReadNeedleMeta (ReadNeedleMetaRequest) returns (ReadNeedleMetaResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc WriteNeedleBlob (WriteNeedleBlobRequest) returns (WriteNeedleBlobResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc ReadAllNeedles (ReadAllNeedlesRequest) returns (stream ReadAllNeedlesResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc VolumeTailSender (VolumeTailSenderRequest) returns (stream VolumeTailSenderResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeTailReceiver (VolumeTailReceiverRequest) returns (VolumeTailReceiverResponse) {
+    }
+
+    // erasure coding
+    rpc VolumeEcShardsGenerate (VolumeEcShardsGenerateRequest) returns (VolumeEcShardsGenerateResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcShardsRebuild (VolumeEcShardsRebuildRequest) returns (VolumeEcShardsRebuildResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcShardsCopy (VolumeEcShardsCopyRequest) returns (VolumeEcShardsCopyResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcShardsDelete (VolumeEcShardsDeleteRequest) returns (VolumeEcShardsDeleteResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcShardsMount (VolumeEcShardsMountRequest) returns (VolumeEcShardsMountResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcShardsUnmount (VolumeEcShardsUnmountRequest) returns (VolumeEcShardsUnmountResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcShardRead (VolumeEcShardReadRequest) returns (stream VolumeEcShardReadResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcBlobDelete (VolumeEcBlobDeleteRequest) returns (VolumeEcBlobDeleteResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcShardsToVolume (VolumeEcShardsToVolumeRequest) returns (VolumeEcShardsToVolumeResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeEcShardsInfo (VolumeEcShardsInfoRequest) returns (VolumeEcShardsInfoResponse) {
+    }
+
+    // tiered storage
+    rpc VolumeTierMoveDatToRemote (VolumeTierMoveDatToRemoteRequest) returns (stream VolumeTierMoveDatToRemoteResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeTierMoveDatFromRemote (VolumeTierMoveDatFromRemoteRequest) returns (stream VolumeTierMoveDatFromRemoteResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc VolumeServerStatus (VolumeServerStatusRequest) returns (VolumeServerStatusResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc VolumeServerLeave (VolumeServerLeaveRequest) returns (VolumeServerLeaveResponse) {
+    }
+
+    // remote storage
+    rpc FetchAndWriteNeedle (FetchAndWriteNeedleRequest) returns (FetchAndWriteNeedleResponse) {
+    }
+
+    // scrubbing
+    rpc ScrubVolume (ScrubVolumeRequest) returns (ScrubVolumeResponse) {
+    }
+    rpc ScrubEcVolume (ScrubEcVolumeRequest) returns (ScrubEcVolumeResponse) {
+    }
+
+    // <experimental> query
+    rpc Query (QueryRequest) returns (stream QueriedStripe) {
+    }
+
+    rpc VolumeNeedleStatus (VolumeNeedleStatusRequest) returns (VolumeNeedleStatusResponse) {
+    }
+
+    rpc Ping (PingRequest) returns (PingResponse) {
+    }
+
+}
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+message BatchDeleteRequest {
+    repeated string file_ids = 1;
+    bool skip_cookie_check = 2;
+}
+
+message BatchDeleteResponse {
+    repeated DeleteResult results = 1;
+}
+message DeleteResult {
+    string file_id = 1;
+    int32 status = 2;
+    string error = 3;
+    uint32 size = 4;
+    uint32 version = 5;
+}
+
+message Empty {
+}
+
+message VacuumVolumeCheckRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VacuumVolumeCheckResponse {
+    double garbage_ratio = 1;
+}
+
+message VacuumVolumeCompactRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    int64 preallocate = 2;
+}
+message VacuumVolumeCompactResponse {
+    int64 processed_bytes = 1;
+    float load_avg_1m = 2;
+}
+
+message VacuumVolumeCommitRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VacuumVolumeCommitResponse {
+    bool is_read_only = 1;
+    uint64 volume_size = 2;
+}
+
+message VacuumVolumeCleanupRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VacuumVolumeCleanupResponse {
+}
+
+message DeleteCollectionRequest {
+    string collection = 1;
+}
+message DeleteCollectionResponse {
+}
+
+message AllocateVolumeRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    int64 preallocate = 3;
+    string replication = 4;
+    string ttl = 5;
+    uint32 memory_map_max_size_mb = 6;
+    string disk_type = 7;
+    uint32 version = 8;
+}
+message AllocateVolumeResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeSyncStatusRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VolumeSyncStatusResponse {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    string replication = 4;
+    string ttl = 5;
+    uint64 tail_offset = 6;
+    uint32 compact_revision = 7;
+    uint64 idx_file_size = 8;
+    uint32 version = 9;
+}
+
+message VolumeIncrementalCopyRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 since_ns = 2;
+}
+message VolumeIncrementalCopyResponse {
+    bytes file_content = 1;
+}
+
+message VolumeMountRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VolumeMountResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeUnmountRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VolumeUnmountResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeDeleteRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    bool only_empty = 2;
+}
+message VolumeDeleteResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeMarkReadonlyRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    bool persist = 2;
+}
+message VolumeMarkReadonlyResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeMarkWritableRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VolumeMarkWritableResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeConfigureRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string replication = 2;
+}
+message VolumeConfigureResponse {
+    string error = 1;
+}
+
+message VolumeStatusRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VolumeStatusResponse {
+    bool is_read_only = 1;
+    uint64 volume_size = 2;
+    uint64 file_count = 3;
+    uint64 file_deleted_count = 4;
+}
+
+message GetStateRequest {
+}
+message GetStateResponse {
+    VolumeServerState state = 1;
+}
+
+message SetStateRequest {
+    // SetState updates *all* volume server flags at once. Retrieve state with GetState(),
+    // modify individual flags as required, then call this RPC to update.
+    VolumeServerState state = 1;
+}
+message SetStateResponse {
+    VolumeServerState state = 1;
+}
+
+message VolumeCopyRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    string replication = 3;
+    string ttl = 4;
+    string source_data_node = 5;
+    string disk_type = 6;
+    int64 io_byte_per_second = 7;
+}
+message VolumeCopyResponse {
+    uint64 last_append_at_ns = 1;
+    int64 processed_bytes = 2;
+}
+
+message CopyFileRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string ext = 2;
+    uint32 compaction_revision = 3;
+    uint64 stop_offset = 4;
+    string collection = 5;
+    bool is_ec_volume = 6;
+    bool ignore_source_file_not_found = 7;
+}
+message CopyFileResponse {
+    bytes file_content = 1;
+    int64 modified_ts_ns = 2;
+}
+
+message ReceiveFileRequest {
+    oneof data {
+        ReceiveFileInfo info = 1;
+        bytes file_content = 2;
+    }
+}
+
+message ReceiveFileInfo {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string ext = 2;
+    string collection = 3;
+    bool is_ec_volume = 4;
+    uint32 shard_id = 5;
+    uint64 file_size = 6;
+}
+
+message ReceiveFileResponse {
+    uint64 bytes_written = 1;
+    string error = 2;
+}
+
+message ReadNeedleBlobRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    int64 offset = 3; // actual offset
+    int32 size = 4;
+}
+message ReadNeedleBlobResponse {
+    bytes needle_blob = 1;
+}
+
+message ReadNeedleMetaRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 needle_id = 2;
+    int64 offset = 3; // actual offset
+    int32 size = 4;
+}
+message ReadNeedleMetaResponse {
+    uint32 cookie = 1;
+    uint64 last_modified = 2;
+    uint32 crc = 3;
+    string ttl = 4;
+    uint64 append_at_ns = 5;
+}
+
+message WriteNeedleBlobRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 needle_id = 2;
+    int32 size = 3;
+    bytes needle_blob = 4;
+}
+message WriteNeedleBlobResponse {
+}
+
+message ReadAllNeedlesRequest {
+    repeated uint32 volume_ids = 1;
+}
+message ReadAllNeedlesResponse {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 needle_id = 2;
+    uint32 cookie = 3;
+    bytes needle_blob = 5;
+    bool needle_blob_compressed = 6;
+    uint64 last_modified = 7;
+    uint32 crc = 8;
+    bytes name = 9;
+    bytes mime = 10;
+}
+
+message VolumeTailSenderRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 since_ns = 2;
+    uint32 idle_timeout_seconds = 3;
+}
+message VolumeTailSenderResponse {
+    bytes needle_header = 1;
+    bytes needle_body = 2;
+    bool is_last_chunk = 3;
+    uint32 version = 4;
+}
+
+message VolumeTailReceiverRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 since_ns = 2;
+    uint32 idle_timeout_seconds = 3;
+    string source_volume_server = 4;
+}
+message VolumeTailReceiverResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardsGenerateRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+}
+message VolumeEcShardsGenerateResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardsRebuildRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+}
+message VolumeEcShardsRebuildResponse {
+    repeated uint32 rebuilt_shard_ids = 1;
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardsCopyRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    repeated uint32 shard_ids = 3;
+    bool copy_ecx_file = 4;
+    string source_data_node = 5;
+    bool copy_ecj_file = 6;
+    bool copy_vif_file = 7;
+    uint32 disk_id = 8;  // Target disk ID for storing EC shards
+}
+message VolumeEcShardsCopyResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardsDeleteRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    repeated uint32 shard_ids = 3;
+}
+message VolumeEcShardsDeleteResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardsMountRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    repeated uint32 shard_ids = 3;
+}
+message VolumeEcShardsMountResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardsUnmountRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    repeated uint32 shard_ids = 3;
+}
+message VolumeEcShardsUnmountResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardReadRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint32 shard_id = 2;
+    int64 offset = 3;
+    int64 size = 4;
+    uint64 file_key = 5;
+}
+message VolumeEcShardReadResponse {
+    bytes data = 1;
+    bool is_deleted = 2;
+}
+
+message VolumeEcBlobDeleteRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    uint64 file_key = 3;
+    uint32 version = 4;
+}
+message VolumeEcBlobDeleteResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardsToVolumeRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+}
+message VolumeEcShardsToVolumeResponse {
+}
+
+message VolumeEcShardsInfoRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message VolumeEcShardsInfoResponse {
+    repeated EcShardInfo ec_shard_infos = 1;
+    uint64 volume_size = 2;
+    uint64 file_count = 3;
+    uint64 file_deleted_count = 4;
+}
+
+message EcShardInfo {
+    uint32 shard_id = 1;
+    int64 size = 2;
+    string collection = 3;
+    uint32 volume_id = 4;
+}
+
+message ReadVolumeFileStatusRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+}
+message ReadVolumeFileStatusResponse {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 idx_file_timestamp_seconds = 2;
+    uint64 idx_file_size = 3;
+    uint64 dat_file_timestamp_seconds = 4;
+    uint64 dat_file_size = 5;
+    uint64 file_count = 6;
+    uint32 compaction_revision = 7;
+    string collection = 8;
+    string disk_type = 9;
+    VolumeInfo volume_info = 10;
+    uint32 version = 11;
+}
+
+message DiskStatus {
+    string dir = 1;
+    uint64 all = 2;
+    uint64 used = 3;
+    uint64 free = 4;
+    float percent_free = 5;
+    float percent_used = 6;
+    string disk_type = 7;
+}
+
+message MemStatus {
+    int32 goroutines = 1;
+    uint64 all = 2;
+    uint64 used = 3;
+    uint64 free = 4;
+    uint64 self = 5;
+    uint64 heap = 6;
+    uint64 stack = 7;
+}
+
+// tired storage on volume servers
+message RemoteFile {
+    string backend_type = 1;
+    string backend_id = 2;
+    string key = 3;
+    uint64 offset = 4;
+    uint64 file_size = 5;
+    uint64 modified_time = 6;
+    string extension = 7;
+}
+message VolumeInfo {
+    repeated RemoteFile files = 1;
+    uint32 version = 2;
+    string replication = 3;
+    uint32 bytes_offset = 4;
+    int64 dat_file_size = 5; // store the original dat file size
+    uint64 expire_at_sec = 6; // expiration time of ec volume
+    bool read_only = 7;
+    EcShardConfig ec_shard_config = 8; // EC shard configuration (optional, null = use default 10+4)
+}
+
+// EcShardConfig specifies erasure coding shard configuration
+message EcShardConfig {
+    uint32 data_shards = 1;   // Number of data shards (e.g., 10)
+    uint32 parity_shards = 2; // Number of parity shards (e.g., 4)
+}
+message OldVersionVolumeInfo {
+    repeated RemoteFile files = 1;
+    uint32 version = 2;
+    string replication = 3;
+    uint32 BytesOffset = 4;
+    int64 dat_file_size = 5; // store the original dat file size
+    uint64 DestroyTime = 6; // expiration time of ec volume
+    bool read_only = 7;
+}
+
+// tiered storage
+message VolumeTierMoveDatToRemoteRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    string destination_backend_name = 3;
+    bool keep_local_dat_file = 4;
+}
+message VolumeTierMoveDatToRemoteResponse {
+    int64 processed = 1;
+    float processedPercentage = 2;
+}
+
+message VolumeTierMoveDatFromRemoteRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    string collection = 2;
+    bool keep_remote_dat_file = 3;
+}
+message VolumeTierMoveDatFromRemoteResponse {
+    int64 processed = 1;
+    float processedPercentage = 2;
+}
+
+message VolumeServerStatusRequest {
+
+}
+message VolumeServerStatusResponse {
+    repeated DiskStatus disk_statuses = 1;
+    MemStatus memory_status = 2;
+    string version = 3;
+    string data_center = 4;
+    string rack = 5;
+    VolumeServerState state = 6;
+}
+
+message VolumeServerLeaveRequest {
+}
+message VolumeServerLeaveResponse {
+}
+
+// remote storage
+message FetchAndWriteNeedleRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 needle_id = 2;
+    uint32 cookie = 3;
+    int64 offset = 4;
+    int64 size = 5;
+    message Replica {
+        string url = 1;
+        string public_url = 2;
+        int32 grpc_port = 3;
+    }
+    repeated Replica replicas = 6;
+    string auth = 7;
+    // remote conf
+    remote_pb.RemoteConf remote_conf = 15;
+    remote_pb.RemoteStorageLocation remote_location = 16;
+}
+message FetchAndWriteNeedleResponse {
+    string e_tag = 1;
+}
+
+enum VolumeScrubMode {
+    UNKNOWN = 0;
+    INDEX = 1;
+    FULL = 2;
+    LOCAL = 3;
+}
+
+message ScrubVolumeRequest {
+    VolumeScrubMode mode = 1;
+    // optional list of volume IDs to scrub. if empty, all volumes for the server are scrubbed.
+    repeated uint32 volume_ids = 2;
+}
+message ScrubVolumeResponse {
+    uint64 total_volumes = 1;
+    uint64 total_files = 2;
+    repeated uint32 broken_volume_ids = 3;
+    repeated string details = 4;
+}
+
+message ScrubEcVolumeRequest {
+    VolumeScrubMode mode = 1;
+    // optional list of volume IDs to scrub. if empty, all EC volumes for the server are scrubbed.
+    repeated uint32 volume_ids = 2;
+}
+message ScrubEcVolumeResponse {
+    uint64 total_volumes = 1;
+    uint64 total_files = 2;
+    repeated uint32 broken_volume_ids = 3;
+    repeated EcShardInfo broken_shard_infos = 4;
+    repeated string details = 5;
+}
+
+// select on volume servers
+message QueryRequest {
+    repeated string selections = 1;
+    repeated string from_file_ids = 2;
+    message Filter {
+        string field = 1;
+        string operand = 2;
+        string value = 3;
+    }
+    Filter filter = 3;
+
+    message InputSerialization {
+        // NONE | GZIP | BZIP2
+        string compression_type = 1;
+        message CSVInput {
+            string file_header_info = 1; // Valid values: NONE | USE | IGNORE
+            string record_delimiter = 2; // Default: \n
+            string field_delimiter = 3; // Default: ,
+            string quote_character = 4; // Default: "
+            string quote_escape_character = 5; // Default: "
+            string comments = 6; // Default: #
+            // If true, records might contain record delimiters within quote characters
+            bool allow_quoted_record_delimiter = 7; // default False.
+        }
+        message JSONInput {
+            string type = 1; // Valid values: DOCUMENT | LINES
+        }
+        message ParquetInput {
+        }
+
+        CSVInput csv_input = 2;
+        JSONInput json_input = 3;
+        ParquetInput parquet_input = 4;
+    }
+    InputSerialization input_serialization = 4;
+
+    message OutputSerialization {
+        message CSVOutput {
+            string quote_fields = 1; // Valid values: ALWAYS | ASNEEDED
+            string record_delimiter = 2; // Default: \n
+            string field_delimiter = 3; // Default: ,
+            string quote_character = 4; // Default: "
+            string quote_escape_character = 5; // Default: "
+        }
+        message JSONOutput {
+            string record_delimiter = 1;
+        }
+
+        CSVOutput csv_output = 2;
+        JSONOutput json_output = 3;
+    }
+
+    OutputSerialization output_serialization = 5;
+}
+message QueriedStripe {
+    bytes records = 1;
+}
+
+message VolumeNeedleStatusRequest {
+    uint32 volume_id = 1;
+    uint64 needle_id = 2;
+}
+message VolumeNeedleStatusResponse {
+    uint64 needle_id = 1;
+    uint32 cookie = 2;
+    uint32 size = 3;
+    uint64 last_modified = 4;
+    uint32 crc = 5;
+    string ttl = 6;
+}
+
+message PingRequest {
+    string target = 1; // default to ping itself
+    string target_type = 2;
+}
+message PingResponse {
+    int64 start_time_ns = 1;
+    int64 remote_time_ns = 2;
+    int64 stop_time_ns = 3;
+}