diff --git a/seaweed-volume/src/storage/erasure_coding/ec_encoder.rs b/seaweed-volume/src/storage/erasure_coding/ec_encoder.rs
index 6acf1746c..b98db9fb0 100644
--- a/seaweed-volume/src/storage/erasure_coding/ec_encoder.rs
+++ b/seaweed-volume/src/storage/erasure_coding/ec_encoder.rs
@@ -314,6 +314,161 @@ fn write_sorted_ecx_from_idx(idx_path: &str, ecx_path: &str) -> io::Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Rebuild the .ecx index file by walking needles in the EC data shards.
+///
+/// This is the equivalent of Go's `RebuildEcxFile`. It reads the logical .dat
+/// content from the EC data shards, walks through needle headers to extract
+/// (needle_id, offset, size) entries, deduplicates them, and writes a sorted
+/// .ecx index file.
+pub fn rebuild_ecx_file(
+    dir: &str,
+    collection: &str,
+    volume_id: VolumeId,
+    data_shards: usize,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+    use crate::storage::needle::needle::get_actual_size;
+    use crate::storage::super_block::SUPER_BLOCK_SIZE;
+
+    let base = volume_file_name(dir, collection, volume_id);
+    let ecx_path = format!("{}.ecx", base);
+
+    // Open data shards to read logical .dat content
+    let mut shards: Vec<EcVolumeShard> = (0..data_shards as u8)
+        .map(|i| EcVolumeShard::new(dir, collection, volume_id, i))
+        .collect();
+
+    for shard in &mut shards {
+        if let Err(_) = shard.open() {
+            // If a data shard is missing, we can't rebuild ecx
+            for s in &mut shards {
+                s.close();
+            }
+            return Err(io::Error::new(
+                io::ErrorKind::NotFound,
+                format!("cannot open data shard for ecx rebuild"),
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Determine total logical data size from shard sizes
+    let shard_size = shards.iter().map(|s| s.file_size()).max().unwrap_or(0);
+    let total_data_size = shard_size as i64 * data_shards as i64;
+
+    // Read version from superblock (first byte of logical data)
+    let mut sb_buf = [0u8; SUPER_BLOCK_SIZE];
+    read_from_data_shards(&shards, &mut sb_buf, 0, data_shards)?;
+    let version = Version(sb_buf[0]);
+
+    // Walk needles starting after superblock
+    let mut offset = SUPER_BLOCK_SIZE as i64;
+    let header_size = NEEDLE_HEADER_SIZE;
+    let mut entries: Vec<(NeedleId, Offset, Size)> = Vec::new();
+
+    while offset + header_size as i64 <= total_data_size {
+        // Read needle header (cookie + needle_id + size = 16 bytes)
+        let mut header_buf = [0u8; NEEDLE_HEADER_SIZE];
+        if read_from_data_shards(&shards, &mut header_buf, offset as u64, data_shards).is_err() {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        let cookie = Cookie::from_bytes(&header_buf[..COOKIE_SIZE]);
+        let needle_id = NeedleId::from_bytes(&header_buf[COOKIE_SIZE..COOKIE_SIZE + NEEDLE_ID_SIZE]);
+        let size = Size::from_bytes(&header_buf[COOKIE_SIZE + NEEDLE_ID_SIZE..header_size]);
+
+        // Validate: stop if we hit zero cookie+id (end of data)
+        if cookie.0 == 0 && needle_id.0 == 0 {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // Validate size is reasonable
+        if size.0 < 0 && !size.is_deleted() {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        let actual_size = get_actual_size(size, version);
+        if actual_size <= 0 || offset + actual_size > total_data_size {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        entries.push((needle_id, Offset::from_actual_offset(offset), size));
+
+        // Advance to next needle (aligned to NEEDLE_PADDING_SIZE)
+        offset += actual_size;
+        let padding_rem = offset % NEEDLE_PADDING_SIZE as i64;
+        if padding_rem != 0 {
+            offset += NEEDLE_PADDING_SIZE as i64 - padding_rem;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for shard in &mut shards {
+        shard.close();
+    }
+
+    // Sort by NeedleId, then by offset (later entries override earlier)
+    entries.sort_by_key(|&(key, offset, _)| (key, offset.to_actual_offset()));
+
+    // Deduplicate: keep latest entry per needle_id
+    entries.reverse();
+    entries.dedup_by_key(|entry| entry.0);
+    entries.reverse();
+
+    // Write sorted .ecx
+    let mut ecx_file = File::create(&ecx_path)?;
+    for &(key, offset, size) in &entries {
+        idx::write_index_entry(&mut ecx_file, key, offset, size)?;
+    }
+    ecx_file.sync_all()?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Read bytes from EC data shards at a logical offset in the .dat file.
+fn read_from_data_shards(
+    shards: &[EcVolumeShard],
+    buf: &mut [u8],
+    logical_offset: u64,
+    data_shards: usize,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let small_block = ERASURE_CODING_SMALL_BLOCK_SIZE as u64;
+    let data_shards_u64 = data_shards as u64;
+
+    let mut bytes_read = 0u64;
+    let mut remaining = buf.len() as u64;
+    let mut current_offset = logical_offset;
+
+    while remaining > 0 {
+        // Determine which shard and at what shard-offset this logical offset maps to.
+        // The data is interleaved: large blocks first, then small blocks.
+        // For simplicity, use the small block size for all calculations since
+        // large blocks are multiples of small blocks.
+        let row_size = small_block * data_shards_u64;
+        let row_index = current_offset / row_size;
+        let row_offset = current_offset % row_size;
+        let shard_index = (row_offset / small_block) as usize;
+        let shard_offset = row_index * small_block + (row_offset % small_block);
+
+        if shard_index >= data_shards {
+            return Err(io::Error::new(
+                io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
+                "shard index out of range",
+            ));
+        }
+
+        // How many bytes can we read from this position in this shard block
+        let bytes_left_in_block = small_block - (row_offset % small_block);
+        let to_read = remaining.min(bytes_left_in_block) as usize;
+
+        let dest = &mut buf[bytes_read as usize..bytes_read as usize + to_read];
+        shards[shard_index].read_at(dest, shard_offset)?;
+
+        bytes_read += to_read as u64;
+        remaining -= to_read as u64;
+        current_offset += to_read as u64;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 /// Encode the .dat file data into shard files.
 ///
 /// Uses a two-phase approach matching Go's ec_encoder.go: