diff --git a/.github/workflows/DNS.yml b/.github/workflows/DNS.yml
index 727ba315..be9d3aae 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/DNS.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/DNS.yml
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 name: DNS
 on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
   push:
     paths:
       - 'dnsapi/*.sh'
@@ -280,7 +281,7 @@ jobs:
     - uses: vmactions/openbsd-vm@v1
       with:
         envs: 'TEST_DNS TestingDomain TEST_DNS_NO_WILDCARD TEST_DNS_NO_SUBDOMAIN TEST_DNS_SLEEP CASE TEST_LOCAL DEBUG http_proxy https_proxy TokenName1 TokenName2 TokenName3 TokenName4 TokenName5 ${{ secrets.TokenName1}} ${{ secrets.TokenName2}} ${{ secrets.TokenName3}} ${{ secrets.TokenName4}} ${{ secrets.TokenName5}}'
-        prepare: pkg_add socat curl
+        prepare: pkg_add socat curl libiconv
         usesh: true
         copyback: false
         run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/DragonFlyBSD.yml b/.github/workflows/DragonFlyBSD.yml
index f360f85c..5c56168f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/DragonFlyBSD.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/DragonFlyBSD.yml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          #- TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
          #  CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
          #  CA: "ZeroSSL RSA Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/FreeBSD.yml b/.github/workflows/FreeBSD.yml
index b90c9ccd..961907e8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/FreeBSD.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/FreeBSD.yml
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          - TEST_ACME_Server: "LetsEncrypt.org_test"
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
            ACME_USE_WGET: 1
          #- TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
          #  CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/Linux.yml b/.github/workflows/Linux.yml
index 33e43483..c74e9d3e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/Linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/Linux.yml
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ jobs:
   Linux:
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: ["ubuntu:latest", "debian:latest", "almalinux:latest", "fedora:latest", "centos:7", "opensuse/leap:latest", "alpine:latest", "oraclelinux:8", "kalilinux/kali", "archlinux:latest", "mageia", "gentoo/stage3"]
+        os: ["ubuntu:latest", "debian:latest", "almalinux:latest", "fedora:latest", "opensuse/leap:latest", "alpine:latest", "oraclelinux:8", "kalilinux/kali", "archlinux:latest", "mageia", "gentoo/stage3"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     env:
       TEST_LOCAL: 1
-      TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+      TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
       TEST_ACME_Server: "LetsEncrypt.org_test"
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
diff --git a/.github/workflows/MacOS.yml b/.github/workflows/MacOS.yml
index c3f046ab..f5d73ec9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/MacOS.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/MacOS.yml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          #- TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
          #  CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
          #  CA: "ZeroSSL RSA Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/NetBSD.yml b/.github/workflows/NetBSD.yml
index 4574bef5..a4f90f68 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/NetBSD.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/NetBSD.yml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          #- TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
          #  CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
          #  CA: "ZeroSSL RSA Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/Omnios.yml b/.github/workflows/Omnios.yml
index e3da0be8..882cedf6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/Omnios.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/Omnios.yml
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          - TEST_ACME_Server: "LetsEncrypt.org_test"
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
            ACME_USE_WGET: 1
          #- TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
          #  CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/OpenBSD.yml b/.github/workflows/OpenBSD.yml
index e141c47b..d5697c10 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/OpenBSD.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/OpenBSD.yml
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          - TEST_ACME_Server: "LetsEncrypt.org_test"
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
            ACME_USE_WGET: 1
          #- TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
          #  CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/PebbleStrict.yml b/.github/workflows/PebbleStrict.yml
index 3f8fdb62..b0326332 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/PebbleStrict.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/PebbleStrict.yml
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install tools
       run: sudo apt-get install -y socat
     - name: Run Pebble
-      run: cd .. && curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/letsencrypt/pebble/master/docker-compose.yml >docker-compose.yml && docker-compose up -d
+      run: cd .. && curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/letsencrypt/pebble/master/docker-compose.yml >docker-compose.yml && docker compose up -d
     - name: Set up Pebble
       run: curl --request POST --data '{"ip":"10.30.50.1"}' http://localhost:8055/set-default-ipv4
     - name: Clone acmetest
diff --git a/.github/workflows/Solaris.yml b/.github/workflows/Solaris.yml
index bdd3f040..95bcd8d1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/Solaris.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/Solaris.yml
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          - TEST_ACME_Server: "LetsEncrypt.org_test"
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
            ACME_USE_WGET: 1
          #- TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
          #  CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/Ubuntu.yml b/.github/workflows/Ubuntu.yml
index 53cc1060..e580828f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/Ubuntu.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/Ubuntu.yml
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          - TEST_ACME_Server: "LetsEncrypt.org_test"
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
            ACME_USE_WGET: 1
          - TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
            CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/Windows.yml b/.github/workflows/Windows.yml
index 61ef5ad8..c1fd1085 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/Windows.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/Windows.yml
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
            CA_ECDSA: ""
            CA: ""
            CA_EMAIL: ""
-           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING) Pretend Pear X1
+           TEST_PREFERRED_CHAIN: (STAGING)
          #- TEST_ACME_Server: "ZeroSSL.com"
          #  CA_ECDSA: "ZeroSSL ECC Domain Secure Site CA"
          #  CA: "ZeroSSL RSA Domain Secure Site CA"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dockerhub.yml b/.github/workflows/dockerhub.yml
index ea446d84..435fd6b5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dockerhub.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dockerhub.yml
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
+env:
+  DOCKER_IMAGE: neilpang/acme.sh
 
 jobs:
   CheckToken:
@@ -44,6 +46,11 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Set up QEMU
         uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
+      - name: Extract Docker metadata
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5.5.1
+        with:
+          images: ${DOCKER_IMAGE}
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
       - name: login to docker hub
@@ -51,8 +58,6 @@ jobs:
           echo "${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}" | docker login -u "${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}" --password-stdin
       - name: build and push the image
         run: |
-          DOCKER_IMAGE=neilpang/acme.sh
-
           if [[ $GITHUB_REF == refs/tags/* ]]; then
             DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}
           fi
@@ -66,8 +71,14 @@ jobs:
             fi
           fi
 
+          DOCKER_LABELS=()
+          while read -r label; do
+            DOCKER_LABELS+=(--label "${label}")
+          done <<<"${DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_LABELS}"
+
           docker buildx build \
             --tag ${DOCKER_IMAGE}:${DOCKER_IMAGE_TAG} \
+            "${DOCKER_LABELS[@]}" \
             --output "type=image,push=true" \
             --build-arg AUTO_UPGRADE=${AUTO_UPGRADE} \
             --platform linux/arm64/v8,linux/amd64,linux/arm/v6,linux/arm/v7,linux/386,linux/ppc64le,linux/s390x .
diff --git a/.github/workflows/pr_notify.yml b/.github/workflows/pr_notify.yml
index 3b0e3e4b..b6b03c67 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pr_notify.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pr_notify.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Check dns api
+name: Check notify api
 
 on:
   pull_request_target:
diff --git a/acme.sh b/acme.sh
index dbbef173..b9cd8de9 100755
--- a/acme.sh
+++ b/acme.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
 
-VER=3.0.8
+VER=3.1.0
 
 PROJECT_NAME="acme.sh"
 
@@ -231,11 +231,11 @@ _dlg_versions() {
     echo "$ACME_OPENSSL_BIN doesn't exist."
   fi
 
-  echo "apache:"
+  echo "Apache:"
   if [ "$_APACHECTL" ] && _exists "$_APACHECTL"; then
     $_APACHECTL -V 2>&1
   else
-    echo "apache doesn't exist."
+    echo "Apache doesn't exist."
   fi
 
   echo "nginx:"
@@ -672,8 +672,10 @@ _hex_dump() {
 #0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  -  _  .  ~
 #30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 2d 5f 2e 7e
 
+#_url_encode [upper-hex]  the encoded hex will be upper-case if the argument upper-hex is followed
 #stdin stdout
 _url_encode() {
+  _upper_hex=$1
   _hex_str=$(_hex_dump)
   _debug3 "_url_encode"
   _debug3 "_hex_str" "$_hex_str"
@@ -883,6 +885,9 @@ _url_encode() {
       ;;
     #other hex
     *)
+      if [ "$_upper_hex" = "upper-hex" ]; then
+        _hex_code=$(printf "%s" "$_hex_code" | _upper_case)
+      fi
       printf '%%%s' "$_hex_code"
       ;;
     esac
@@ -949,7 +954,7 @@ _getfile() {
 
   i="$(grep -n -- "$startline" "$filename" | cut -d : -f 1)"
   if [ -z "$i" ]; then
-    _err "Can not find start line: $startline"
+    _err "Cannot find start line: $startline"
     return 1
   fi
   i="$(_math "$i" + 1)"
@@ -957,7 +962,7 @@ _getfile() {
 
   j="$(grep -n -- "$endline" "$filename" | cut -d : -f 1)"
   if [ -z "$j" ]; then
-    _err "Can not find end line: $endline"
+    _err "Cannot find end line: $endline"
     return 1
   fi
   j="$(_math "$j" - 1)"
@@ -1065,7 +1070,7 @@ _sign() {
     if ! _signedECText="$($_sign_openssl -sha$__ECC_KEY_LEN | ${ACME_OPENSSL_BIN:-openssl} asn1parse -inform DER)"; then
       _err "Sign failed: $_sign_openssl"
       _err "Key file: $keyfile"
-      _err "Key content:$(wc -l <"$keyfile") lines"
+      _err "Key content: $(wc -l <"$keyfile") lines"
       return 1
     fi
     _debug3 "_signedECText" "$_signedECText"
@@ -1145,14 +1150,14 @@ _createkey() {
     length=2048
   fi
 
-  _debug "Use length $length"
+  _debug "Using length $length"
 
   if ! [ -e "$f" ]; then
     if ! touch "$f" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
       _f_path="$(dirname "$f")"
       _debug _f_path "$_f_path"
       if ! mkdir -p "$_f_path"; then
-        _err "Can not create path: $_f_path"
+        _err "Cannot create path: $_f_path"
         return 1
       fi
     fi
@@ -1163,11 +1168,11 @@ _createkey() {
   fi
 
   if _isEccKey "$length"; then
-    _debug "Using ec name: $eccname"
+    _debug "Using EC name: $eccname"
     if _opkey="$(${ACME_OPENSSL_BIN:-openssl} ecparam -name "$eccname" -noout -genkey 2>/dev/null)"; then
       echo "$_opkey" >"$f"
     else
-      _err "error ecc key name: $eccname"
+      _err "Error encountered for ECC key named $eccname"
       return 1
     fi
   else
@@ -1179,13 +1184,13 @@ _createkey() {
     if _opkey="$(${ACME_OPENSSL_BIN:-openssl} genrsa $__traditional "$length" 2>/dev/null)"; then
       echo "$_opkey" >"$f"
     else
-      _err "error rsa key: $length"
+      _err "Error encountered for RSA key of length $length"
       return 1
     fi
   fi
 
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "Create key error."
+    _err "Key creation error."
     return 1
   fi
 }
@@ -1243,7 +1248,14 @@ _createcsr() {
   _debug2 csr "$csr"
   _debug2 csrconf "$csrconf"
 
-  printf "[ req_distinguished_name ]\n[ req ]\ndistinguished_name = req_distinguished_name\nreq_extensions = v3_req\n[ v3_req ]\nextendedKeyUsage=serverAuth,clientAuth\n" >"$csrconf"
+  printf "[ req_distinguished_name ]\n[ req ]\ndistinguished_name = req_distinguished_name\nreq_extensions = v3_req\n[ v3_req ]" >"$csrconf"
+
+  if [ "$Le_ExtKeyUse" ]; then
+    _savedomainconf Le_ExtKeyUse "$Le_ExtKeyUse"
+    printf "\nextendedKeyUsage=$Le_ExtKeyUse\n" >>"$csrconf"
+  else
+    printf "\nextendedKeyUsage=serverAuth,clientAuth\n" >>"$csrconf"
+  fi
 
   if [ "$acmeValidationv1" ]; then
     domainlist="$(_idn "$domainlist")"
@@ -1430,6 +1442,9 @@ _toPkcs() {
   else
     ${ACME_OPENSSL_BIN:-openssl} pkcs12 -export -out "$_cpfx" -inkey "$_ckey" -in "$_ccert" -certfile "$_cca"
   fi
+  if [ "$?" = "0" ]; then
+    _savedomainconf "Le_PFXPassword" "$pfxPassword"
+  fi
 
 }
 
@@ -1449,7 +1464,7 @@ toPkcs() {
   _toPkcs "$CERT_PFX_PATH" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CERT_PATH" "$CA_CERT_PATH" "$pfxPassword"
 
   if [ "$?" = "0" ]; then
-    _info "Success, Pfx is exported to: $CERT_PFX_PATH"
+    _info "Success, PFX has been exported to: $CERT_PFX_PATH"
   fi
 
 }
@@ -1493,7 +1508,7 @@ _create_account_key() {
   length=$1
 
   if [ -z "$length" ] || [ "$length" = "$NO_VALUE" ]; then
-    _debug "Use default length $DEFAULT_ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH"
+    _debug "Using default length $DEFAULT_ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH"
     length="$DEFAULT_ACCOUNT_KEY_LENGTH"
   fi
 
@@ -1502,15 +1517,15 @@ _create_account_key() {
 
   mkdir -p "$CA_DIR"
   if [ -s "$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH" ]; then
-    _info "Account key exists, skip"
+    _info "Account key exists, skipping"
     return 0
   else
     #generate account key
     if _createkey "$length" "$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH"; then
-      _info "Create account key ok."
+      _info "Account key creation OK."
       return 0
     else
-      _err "Create account key error."
+      _err "Account key creation error."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -1529,7 +1544,7 @@ createDomainKey() {
   _cdl=$2
 
   if [ -z "$_cdl" ]; then
-    _debug "Use DEFAULT_DOMAIN_KEY_LENGTH=$DEFAULT_DOMAIN_KEY_LENGTH"
+    _debug "Using DEFAULT_DOMAIN_KEY_LENGTH=$DEFAULT_DOMAIN_KEY_LENGTH"
     _cdl="$DEFAULT_DOMAIN_KEY_LENGTH"
   fi
 
@@ -1541,16 +1556,16 @@ createDomainKey() {
       _info "The domain key is here: $(__green $CERT_KEY_PATH)"
       return 0
     else
-      _err "Can not create domain key"
+      _err "Cannot create domain key"
       return 1
     fi
   else
     if [ "$_ACME_IS_RENEW" ]; then
-      _info "Domain key exists, skip"
+      _info "Domain key exists, skipping"
       return 0
     else
-      _err "Domain key exists, do you want to overwrite the key?"
-      _err "Add '--force', and try again."
+      _err "Domain key exists, do you want to overwrite it?"
+      _err "If so, add '--force' and try again."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -1559,7 +1574,7 @@ createDomainKey() {
 
 # domain  domainlist isEcc
 createCSR() {
-  _info "Creating csr"
+  _info "Creating CSR"
   if [ -z "$1" ]; then
     _usage "Usage: $PROJECT_ENTRY --create-csr --domain <domain.tld> [--domain <domain2.tld> ...] [--ecc]"
     return
@@ -1572,13 +1587,13 @@ createCSR() {
   _initpath "$domain" "$_isEcc"
 
   if [ -f "$CSR_PATH" ] && [ "$_ACME_IS_RENEW" ] && [ -z "$FORCE" ]; then
-    _info "CSR exists, skip"
+    _info "CSR exists, skipping"
     return
   fi
 
   if [ ! -f "$CERT_KEY_PATH" ]; then
-    _err "The key file is not found: $CERT_KEY_PATH"
-    _err "Please create the key file first."
+    _err "This key file was not found: $CERT_KEY_PATH"
+    _err "Please create it first."
     return 1
   fi
   _createcsr "$domain" "$domainlist" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CSR_PATH" "$DOMAIN_SSL_CONF"
@@ -1722,7 +1737,7 @@ _calcjwk() {
         __ECC_KEY_LEN=512
         ;;
       *)
-        _err "ECC oid : $crv_oid"
+        _err "ECC oid: $crv_oid"
         return 1
         ;;
       esac
@@ -1765,7 +1780,7 @@ _calcjwk() {
     JWK_HEADERPLACE_PART1='{"nonce": "'
     JWK_HEADERPLACE_PART2='", "alg": "ES'$__ECC_KEY_LEN'"'
   else
-    _err "Only RSA or EC key is supported. keyfile=$keyfile"
+    _err "Only RSA or EC keys are supported. keyfile=$keyfile"
     _debug2 "$(cat "$keyfile")"
     return 1
   fi
@@ -1799,7 +1814,7 @@ _date2time() {
   if da="$(echo "$1" | tr -d "Z" | tr "T" ' ')" perl -MTime::Piece -e 'print Time::Piece->strptime($ENV{da}, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")->epoch, "\n";' 2>/dev/null; then
     return
   fi
-  _err "Can not parse _date2time $1"
+  _err "Cannot parse _date2time $1"
   return 1
 }
 
@@ -1823,7 +1838,7 @@ _mktemp() {
     echo "/$LE_TEMP_DIR/wefADf24sf.$(_time).tmp"
     return 0
   fi
-  _err "Can not create temp file."
+  _err "Cannot create temp file."
 }
 
 #clear all the https envs to cause _inithttp() to run next time.
@@ -2012,7 +2027,7 @@ _post() {
     _ret="$?"
     if [ "$_ret" = "8" ]; then
       _ret=0
-      _debug "wget returns 8, the server returns a 'Bad request' response, lets process the response later."
+      _debug "wget returned 8 as the server returned a 'Bad Request' response. Let's process the response later."
     fi
     if [ "$_ret" != "0" ]; then
       _err "Please refer to https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/manual/html_node/Exit-Status.html for error code: $_ret"
@@ -2026,7 +2041,7 @@ _post() {
     _sed_i 's/^  //g' "$HTTP_HEADER"
   else
     _ret="$?"
-    _err "Neither curl nor wget is found, can not do $httpmethod."
+    _err "Neither curl nor wget have been found, cannot make $httpmethod request."
   fi
   _debug "_ret" "$_ret"
   printf "%s" "$response"
@@ -2095,14 +2110,14 @@ _get() {
     ret=$?
     if [ "$ret" = "8" ]; then
       ret=0
-      _debug "wget returns 8, the server returns a 'Bad request' response, lets process the response later."
+      _debug "wget returned 8 as the server returned a 'Bad Request' response. Let's process the response later."
     fi
     if [ "$ret" != "0" ]; then
       _err "Please refer to https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/manual/html_node/Exit-Status.html for error code: $ret"
     fi
   else
     ret=$?
-    _err "Neither curl nor wget is found, can not do GET."
+    _err "Neither curl nor wget have been found, cannot make GET request."
   fi
   _debug "ret" "$ret"
   return $ret
@@ -2134,7 +2149,7 @@ _send_signed_request() {
   if [ -z "$keyfile" ]; then
     keyfile="$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH"
   fi
-  _debug "=======Begin Send Signed Request======="
+  _debug "=======Sending Signed Request======="
   _debug url "$url"
   _debug payload "$payload"
 
@@ -2178,9 +2193,8 @@ _send_signed_request() {
         _debug2 _headers "$_headers"
         _CACHED_NONCE="$(echo "$_headers" | grep -i "Replay-Nonce:" | _head_n 1 | tr -d "\r\n " | cut -d ':' -f 2)"
       fi
-      _debug2 _CACHED_NONCE "$_CACHED_NONCE"
       if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-        _err "Can not connect to $nonceurl to get nonce."
+        _err "Cannot connect to $nonceurl to get nonce."
         return 1
       fi
     else
@@ -2223,7 +2237,7 @@ _send_signed_request() {
     _CACHED_NONCE=""
 
     if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-      _err "Can not post to $url"
+      _err "Cannot make POST request to $url"
       return 1
     fi
 
@@ -2255,21 +2269,21 @@ _send_signed_request() {
           _sleep_overload_retry_sec=5
         fi
         if [ $_sleep_overload_retry_sec -le 600 ]; then
-          _info "It seems the CA server is currently overloaded, let's wait and retry. Sleeping $_sleep_overload_retry_sec seconds."
+          _info "It seems the CA server is currently overloaded, let's wait and retry. Sleeping for $_sleep_overload_retry_sec seconds."
           _sleep $_sleep_overload_retry_sec
           continue
         else
-          _info "The retryafter=$_retryafter is too large > 600, not retry anymore."
+          _info "The retryafter=$_retryafter value is too large (> 600), will not retry anymore."
         fi
       fi
       if _contains "$_body" "JWS has invalid anti-replay nonce" || _contains "$_body" "JWS has an invalid anti-replay nonce"; then
-        _info "It seems the CA server is busy now, let's wait and retry. Sleeping $_sleep_retry_sec seconds."
+        _info "It seems the CA server is busy now, let's wait and retry. Sleeping for $_sleep_retry_sec seconds."
         _CACHED_NONCE=""
         _sleep $_sleep_retry_sec
         continue
       fi
       if _contains "$_body" "The Replay Nonce is not recognized"; then
-        _info "The replay Nonce is not valid, let's get a new one, Sleeping $_sleep_retry_sec seconds."
+        _info "The replay nonce is not valid, let's get a new one. Sleeping for $_sleep_retry_sec seconds."
         _CACHED_NONCE=""
         _sleep $_sleep_retry_sec
         continue
@@ -2341,7 +2355,7 @@ _save_conf() {
   if [ "$_s_c_f" ]; then
     _setopt "$_s_c_f" "$_sdkey" "=" "'$_sdvalue'"
   else
-    _err "config file is empty, can not save $_sdkey=$_sdvalue"
+    _err "Config file is empty, cannot save $_sdkey=$_sdvalue"
   fi
 }
 
@@ -2351,9 +2365,9 @@ _clear_conf() {
   _sdkey="$2"
   if [ "$_c_c_f" ]; then
     _conf_data="$(cat "$_c_c_f")"
-    echo "$_conf_data" | sed "s/^$_sdkey *=.*$//" >"$_c_c_f"
+    echo "$_conf_data" | sed "/^$_sdkey *=.*$/d" >"$_c_c_f"
   else
-    _err "config file is empty, can not clear"
+    _err "Config file is empty, cannot clear"
   fi
 }
 
@@ -2371,7 +2385,7 @@ _read_conf() {
     fi
     printf "%s" "$_sdv"
   else
-    _debug "config file is empty, can not read $_sdkey"
+    _debug "Config file is empty, cannot read $_sdkey"
   fi
 }
 
@@ -2589,7 +2603,7 @@ _starttlsserver() {
 
   #create key TLS_KEY
   if ! _createkey "2048" "$TLS_KEY"; then
-    _err "Create tls validation key error."
+    _err "Error creating TLS validation key."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -2599,13 +2613,13 @@ _starttlsserver() {
     alt="$alt,$san_b"
   fi
   if ! _createcsr "tls.acme.sh" "$alt" "$TLS_KEY" "$TLS_CSR" "$TLS_CONF" "$acmeValidationv1"; then
-    _err "Create tls validation csr error."
+    _err "Error creating TLS validation CSR."
     return 1
   fi
 
   #self signed
   if ! _signcsr "$TLS_KEY" "$TLS_CSR" "$TLS_CONF" "$TLS_CERT"; then
-    _err "Create tls validation cert error."
+    _err "Error creating TLS validation cert."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -2659,7 +2673,7 @@ _conapath() {
 __initHome() {
   if [ -z "$_SCRIPT_HOME" ]; then
     if _exists readlink && _exists dirname; then
-      _debug "Lets find script dir."
+      _debug "Let's find the script directory."
       _debug "_SCRIPT_" "$_SCRIPT_"
       _script="$(_readlink "$_SCRIPT_")"
       _debug "_script" "$_script"
@@ -2668,7 +2682,7 @@ __initHome() {
       if [ -d "$_script_home" ]; then
         export _SCRIPT_HOME="$_script_home"
       else
-        _err "It seems the script home is not correct:$_script_home"
+        _err "It seems the script home is not correct: $_script_home"
       fi
     fi
   fi
@@ -2683,7 +2697,7 @@ __initHome() {
   #  fi
 
   if [ -z "$LE_WORKING_DIR" ]; then
-    _debug "Using default home:$DEFAULT_INSTALL_HOME"
+    _debug "Using default home: $DEFAULT_INSTALL_HOME"
     LE_WORKING_DIR="$DEFAULT_INSTALL_HOME"
   fi
   export LE_WORKING_DIR
@@ -2691,7 +2705,7 @@ __initHome() {
   if [ -z "$LE_CONFIG_HOME" ]; then
     LE_CONFIG_HOME="$LE_WORKING_DIR"
   fi
-  _debug "Using config home:$LE_CONFIG_HOME"
+  _debug "Using config home: $LE_CONFIG_HOME"
   export LE_CONFIG_HOME
 
   _DEFAULT_ACCOUNT_CONF_PATH="$LE_CONFIG_HOME/account.conf"
@@ -2728,7 +2742,7 @@ _clearAPI() {
 #server
 _initAPI() {
   _api_server="${1:-$ACME_DIRECTORY}"
-  _debug "_init api for server: $_api_server"
+  _debug "_init API for server: $_api_server"
 
   MAX_API_RETRY_TIMES=10
   _sleep_retry_sec=10
@@ -2738,8 +2752,8 @@ _initAPI() {
     response=$(_get "$_api_server")
     if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
       _debug2 "response" "$response"
-      _info "Can not init api for: $_api_server."
-      _info "Sleep $_sleep_retry_sec and retry."
+      _info "Cannot init API for: $_api_server."
+      _info "Sleeping for $_sleep_retry_sec seconds and retrying."
       _sleep "$_sleep_retry_sec"
       continue
     fi
@@ -2777,13 +2791,13 @@ _initAPI() {
     if [ "$ACME_NEW_ACCOUNT" ] && [ "$ACME_NEW_ORDER" ]; then
       return 0
     fi
-    _info "Sleep $_sleep_retry_sec and retry."
+    _info "Sleeping for $_sleep_retry_sec seconds and retrying."
     _sleep "$_sleep_retry_sec"
   done
   if [ "$ACME_NEW_ACCOUNT" ] && [ "$ACME_NEW_ORDER" ]; then
     return 0
   fi
-  _err "Can not init api, for $_api_server"
+  _err "Cannot init API for $_api_server"
   return 1
 }
 
@@ -2915,7 +2929,7 @@ _initpath() {
       DOMAIN_PATH="$domainhomeecc"
     elif [ -z "$__SELECTED_RSA_KEY" ]; then
       if [ ! -d "$domainhome" ] && [ -d "$domainhomeecc" ]; then
-        _info "The domain '$domain' seems to have a ECC cert already, lets use ecc cert."
+        _info "The domain '$domain' seems to already have an ECC cert, let's use it."
         DOMAIN_PATH="$domainhomeecc"
       fi
     fi
@@ -2978,7 +2992,7 @@ _apachePath() {
     if _exists apache2ctl; then
       _APACHECTL="apache2ctl"
     else
-      _err "'apachectl not found. It seems that apache is not installed, or you are not root user.'"
+      _err "'apachectl not found. It seems that Apache is not installed or you are not root.'"
       _err "Please use webroot mode to try again."
       return 1
     fi
@@ -2997,7 +3011,7 @@ _apachePath() {
     _debug httpdconfname "$httpdconfname"
 
     if [ -z "$httpdconfname" ]; then
-      _err "Can not read apache config file."
+      _err "Cannot read Apache config file."
       return 1
     fi
 
@@ -3014,7 +3028,7 @@ _apachePath() {
   _debug httpdconf "$httpdconf"
   _debug httpdconfname "$httpdconfname"
   if [ ! -f "$httpdconf" ]; then
-    _err "Apache Config file not found" "$httpdconf"
+    _err "Apache config file not found" "$httpdconf"
     return 1
   fi
   return 0
@@ -3037,7 +3051,7 @@ _restoreApache() {
   cat "$APACHE_CONF_BACKUP_DIR/$httpdconfname" >"$httpdconf"
   _debug "Restored: $httpdconf."
   if ! $_APACHECTL -t; then
-    _err "Sorry, restore apache config error, please contact me."
+    _err "Sorry, there's been an error restoring the Apache config. Please ask for support on $PROJECT."
     return 1
   fi
   _debug "Restored successfully."
@@ -3052,26 +3066,26 @@ _setApache() {
   fi
 
   #test the conf first
-  _info "Checking if there is an error in the apache config file before starting."
+  _info "Checking if there is an error in the Apache config file before starting."
 
   if ! $_APACHECTL -t >/dev/null; then
-    _err "The apache config file has error, please fix it first, then try again."
-    _err "Don't worry, there is nothing changed to your system."
+    _err "The Apache config file has errors, please fix them first then try again."
+    _err "Don't worry, no changes to your system have been made."
     return 1
   else
     _info "OK"
   fi
 
   #backup the conf
-  _debug "Backup apache config file" "$httpdconf"
+  _debug "Backing up Apache config file" "$httpdconf"
   if ! cp "$httpdconf" "$APACHE_CONF_BACKUP_DIR/"; then
-    _err "Can not backup apache config file, so abort. Don't worry, the apache config is not changed."
-    _err "This might be a bug of $PROJECT_NAME , please report issue: $PROJECT"
+    _err "Cannot backup Apache config file, aborting. Don't worry, the Apache config has not been changed."
+    _err "This might be an $PROJECT_NAME bug, please open an issue on $PROJECT"
     return 1
   fi
-  _info "JFYI, Config file $httpdconf is backuped to $APACHE_CONF_BACKUP_DIR/$httpdconfname"
-  _info "In case there is an error that can not be restored automatically, you may try restore it yourself."
-  _info "The backup file will be deleted on success, just forget it."
+  _info "Config file $httpdconf has been backed up to $APACHE_CONF_BACKUP_DIR/$httpdconfname"
+  _info "In case an error causes it to not be restored automatically, you can restore it yourself."
+  _info "You do not need to do anything on success, as the backup file will automatically be deleted."
 
   #add alias
 
@@ -3101,11 +3115,11 @@ Allow from all
 
   _msg="$($_APACHECTL -t 2>&1)"
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "Sorry, apache config error"
+    _err "Sorry, an Apache config error has occurred"
     if _restoreApache; then
-      _err "The apache config file is restored."
+      _err "The Apache config file has been restored."
     else
-      _err "Sorry, the apache config file can not be restored, please report bug."
+      _err "Sorry, the Apache config file cannot be restored, please open an issue on $PROJECT."
     fi
     return 1
   fi
@@ -3116,7 +3130,7 @@ Allow from all
   fi
 
   if ! $_APACHECTL graceful; then
-    _err "$_APACHECTL  graceful error, please contact me."
+    _err "$_APACHECTL graceful error, please open an issue on $PROJECT."
     _restoreApache
     return 1
   fi
@@ -3140,10 +3154,10 @@ _setNginx() {
   _start_f="$(echo "$_croot" | cut -d : -f 2)"
   _debug _start_f "$_start_f"
   if [ -z "$_start_f" ]; then
-    _debug "find start conf from nginx command"
+    _debug "Finding config using the nginx command"
     if [ -z "$NGINX_CONF" ]; then
       if ! _exists "nginx"; then
-        _err "nginx command is not found."
+        _err "nginx command not found."
         return 1
       fi
       NGINX_CONF="$(nginx -V 2>&1 | _egrep_o "\-\-conf-path=[^ ]* " | tr -d " ")"
@@ -3151,7 +3165,7 @@ _setNginx() {
       NGINX_CONF="$(echo "$NGINX_CONF" | cut -d = -f 2)"
       _debug NGINX_CONF "$NGINX_CONF"
       if [ -z "$NGINX_CONF" ]; then
-        _err "Can not find nginx conf."
+        _err "Cannot find nginx config."
         NGINX_CONF=""
         return 1
       fi
@@ -3160,16 +3174,16 @@ _setNginx() {
         NGINX_CONF=""
         return 1
       fi
-      _debug "Found nginx conf file:$NGINX_CONF"
+      _debug "Found nginx config file: $NGINX_CONF"
     fi
     _start_f="$NGINX_CONF"
   fi
-  _debug "Start detect nginx conf for $_d from:$_start_f"
+  _debug "Detecting nginx conf for $_d from: $_start_f"
   if ! _checkConf "$_d" "$_start_f"; then
-    _err "Can not find conf file for domain $d"
+    _err "Cannot find config file for domain $d"
     return 1
   fi
-  _info "Found conf file: $FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF"
+  _info "Found config file: $FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF"
 
   _ln=$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF_LN
   _debug "_ln" "$_ln"
@@ -3179,7 +3193,7 @@ _setNginx() {
   _start_tag="$(sed -n "$_lnn,${_lnn}p" "$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF")"
   _debug "_start_tag" "$_start_tag"
   if [ "$_start_tag" = "$NGINX_START" ]; then
-    _info "The domain $_d is already configured, skip"
+    _info "The domain $_d is already configured, skipping"
     FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF=""
     return 0
   fi
@@ -3188,28 +3202,28 @@ _setNginx() {
   _backup_conf="$DOMAIN_BACKUP_PATH/$_d.nginx.conf"
   _debug _backup_conf "$_backup_conf"
   BACKUP_NGINX_CONF="$_backup_conf"
-  _info "Backup $FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF to $_backup_conf"
+  _info "Backing $FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF up to $_backup_conf"
   if ! cp "$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF" "$_backup_conf"; then
-    _err "backup error."
+    _err "Backup error."
     FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF=""
     return 1
   fi
 
   if ! _exists "nginx"; then
-    _err "nginx command is not found."
+    _err "nginx command not found."
     return 1
   fi
-  _info "Check the nginx conf before setting up."
+  _info "Checking the nginx config before setting up."
   if ! nginx -t >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    _err "It seems that nginx conf is not correct, cannot continue."
+    _err "It seems that the nginx config is not correct, cannot continue."
     return 1
   fi
 
-  _info "OK, Set up nginx config file"
+  _info "OK, setting up the nginx config file"
 
   if ! sed -n "1,${_ln}p" "$_backup_conf" >"$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF"; then
     cat "$_backup_conf" >"$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF"
-    _err "write nginx conf error, but don't worry, the file is restored to the original version."
+    _err "Error writing nginx config. Restoring it to its original version."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3223,20 +3237,20 @@ location ~ \"^/\.well-known/acme-challenge/([-_a-zA-Z0-9]+)\$\" {
 
   if ! sed -n "${_lnn},99999p" "$_backup_conf" >>"$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF"; then
     cat "$_backup_conf" >"$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF"
-    _err "write nginx conf error, but don't worry, the file is restored."
+    _err "Error writing nginx config. Restoring it to its original version."
     return 1
   fi
   _debug3 "Modified config:$(cat $FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF)"
-  _info "nginx conf is done, let's check it again."
+  _info "nginx config has been written, let's check it again."
   if ! nginx -t >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    _err "It seems that nginx conf was broken, let's restore."
+    _err "There seems to be a problem with the nginx config, let's restore it to its original version."
     cat "$_backup_conf" >"$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF"
     return 1
   fi
 
-  _info "Reload nginx"
+  _info "Reloading nginx"
   if ! nginx -s reload >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    _err "It seems that nginx reload error, let's restore."
+    _err "There seems to be a problem with the nginx config, let's restore it to its original version."
     cat "$_backup_conf" >"$FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF"
     return 1
   fi
@@ -3248,7 +3262,7 @@ location ~ \"^/\.well-known/acme-challenge/([-_a-zA-Z0-9]+)\$\" {
 _checkConf() {
   _d="$1"
   _c_file="$2"
-  _debug "Start _checkConf from:$_c_file"
+  _debug "Starting _checkConf from: $_c_file"
   if [ ! -f "$2" ] && ! echo "$2" | grep '*$' >/dev/null && echo "$2" | grep '*' >/dev/null; then
     _debug "wildcard"
     for _w_f in $2; do
@@ -3261,14 +3275,14 @@ _checkConf() {
   elif [ -f "$2" ]; then
     _debug "single"
     if _isRealNginxConf "$1" "$2"; then
-      _debug "$2 is found."
+      _debug "$2 found."
       FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF="$2"
       return 0
     fi
     if cat "$2" | tr "\t" " " | grep "^ *include *.*;" >/dev/null; then
-      _debug "Try include files"
+      _debug "Trying include files"
       for included in $(cat "$2" | tr "\t" " " | grep "^ *include *.*;" | sed "s/include //" | tr -d " ;"); do
-        _debug "check included $included"
+        _debug "Checking included $included"
         if ! _startswith "$included" "/" && _exists dirname; then
           _relpath="$(dirname "$2")"
           _debug "_relpath" "$_relpath"
@@ -3344,7 +3358,7 @@ _isRealNginxConf() {
 #restore all the nginx conf
 _restoreNginx() {
   if [ -z "$NGINX_RESTORE_VLIST" ]; then
-    _debug "No need to restore nginx, skip."
+    _debug "No need to restore nginx config, skipping."
     return
   fi
   _debug "_restoreNginx"
@@ -3359,9 +3373,9 @@ _restoreNginx() {
     cat "$_ngbackupconf" >"$_ngconf"
   done
 
-  _info "Reload nginx"
+  _info "Reloading nginx"
   if ! nginx -s reload >/dev/null; then
-    _err "It seems that nginx reload error, please report bug."
+    _err "An error occurred while reloading nginx, please open an issue on $PROJECT."
     return 1
   fi
   return 0
@@ -3386,7 +3400,7 @@ _clearupdns() {
   _debug "dns_entries" "$dns_entries"
 
   if [ -z "$dns_entries" ]; then
-    _debug "skip dns."
+    _debug "Skipping dns."
     return
   fi
   _info "Removing DNS records."
@@ -3409,7 +3423,7 @@ _clearupdns() {
     fi
 
     if [ -z "$d_api" ]; then
-      _info "Not Found domain api file: $d_api"
+      _info "Domain API file was not found: $d_api"
       continue
     fi
 
@@ -3419,21 +3433,21 @@ _clearupdns() {
 
     (
       if ! . "$d_api"; then
-        _err "Load file $d_api error. Please check your api file and try again."
+        _err "Error loading file $d_api. Please check your API file and try again."
         return 1
       fi
 
       rmcommand="${_currentRoot}_rm"
       if ! _exists "$rmcommand"; then
-        _err "It seems that your api file doesn't define $rmcommand"
+        _err "It seems that your API file doesn't define $rmcommand"
         return 1
       fi
       _info "Removing txt: $txt for domain: $txtdomain"
       if ! $rmcommand "$txtdomain" "$txt"; then
-        _err "Error removing txt for domain:$txtdomain"
+        _err "Error removing txt for domain: $txtdomain"
         return 1
       fi
-      _info "Removed: Success"
+      _info "Successfully removed"
     )
 
   done
@@ -3443,7 +3457,7 @@ _clearupdns() {
 _clearupwebbroot() {
   __webroot="$1"
   if [ -z "$__webroot" ]; then
-    _debug "no webroot specified, skip"
+    _debug "No webroot specified, skipping"
     return 0
   fi
 
@@ -3455,12 +3469,12 @@ _clearupwebbroot() {
   elif [ "$2" = '3' ]; then
     _rmpath="$__webroot/.well-known/acme-challenge/$3"
   else
-    _debug "Skip for removelevel:$2"
+    _debug "Skipping for removelevel: $2"
   fi
 
   if [ "$_rmpath" ]; then
     if [ "$DEBUG" ]; then
-      _debug "Debugging, skip removing: $_rmpath"
+      _debug "Debugging, not removing: $_rmpath"
     else
       rm -rf "$_rmpath"
     fi
@@ -3481,13 +3495,13 @@ _on_before_issue() {
   _debug _chk_alt_domains "$_chk_alt_domains"
   #run pre hook
   if [ "$_chk_pre_hook" ]; then
-    _info "Run pre hook:'$_chk_pre_hook'"
+    _info "Runing pre hook:'$_chk_pre_hook'"
     if ! (
       export Le_Domain="$_chk_main_domain"
       export Le_Alt="$_chk_alt_domains"
       cd "$DOMAIN_PATH" && eval "$_chk_pre_hook"
     ); then
-      _err "Error when run pre hook."
+      _err "Error occurred when running pre hook."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -3512,7 +3526,7 @@ _on_before_issue() {
     if [ -z "$d" ]; then
       break
     fi
-    _debug "Check for domain" "$d"
+    _debug "Checking for domain" "$d"
     _currentRoot="$(_getfield "$_chk_web_roots" $_index)"
     _debug "_currentRoot" "$_currentRoot"
     _index=$(_math $_index + 1)
@@ -3559,7 +3573,7 @@ _on_before_issue() {
 
   if _hasfield "$_chk_web_roots" "apache"; then
     if ! _setApache; then
-      _err "set up apache error. Report error to me."
+      _err "Error setting up Apache. Please open an issue on $PROJECT."
       return 1
     fi
   else
@@ -3576,17 +3590,17 @@ _on_issue_err() {
   if [ "$LOG_FILE" ]; then
     _err "Please check log file for more details: $LOG_FILE"
   else
-    _err "Please add '--debug' or '--log' to check more details."
+    _err "Please add '--debug' or '--log' to see more information."
     _err "See: $_DEBUG_WIKI"
   fi
 
   #run the post hook
   if [ "$_chk_post_hook" ]; then
-    _info "Run post hook:'$_chk_post_hook'"
+    _info "Running post hook: '$_chk_post_hook'"
     if ! (
       cd "$DOMAIN_PATH" && eval "$_chk_post_hook"
     ); then
-      _err "Error when run post hook."
+      _err "Error encountered while running post hook."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -3625,7 +3639,7 @@ _on_issue_success() {
 
   #run the post hook
   if [ "$_chk_post_hook" ]; then
-    _info "Run post hook:'$_chk_post_hook'"
+    _info "Running post hook:'$_chk_post_hook'"
     if ! (
       export CERT_PATH
       export CERT_KEY_PATH
@@ -3634,14 +3648,14 @@ _on_issue_success() {
       export Le_Domain="$_main_domain"
       cd "$DOMAIN_PATH" && eval "$_chk_post_hook"
     ); then
-      _err "Error when run post hook."
+      _err "Error encountered while running post hook."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
 
   #run renew hook
   if [ "$_ACME_IS_RENEW" ] && [ "$_chk_renew_hook" ]; then
-    _info "Run renew hook:'$_chk_renew_hook'"
+    _info "Running renew hook: '$_chk_renew_hook'"
     if ! (
       export CERT_PATH
       export CERT_KEY_PATH
@@ -3650,7 +3664,7 @@ _on_issue_success() {
       export Le_Domain="$_main_domain"
       cd "$DOMAIN_PATH" && eval "$_chk_renew_hook"
     ); then
-      _err "Error when run renew hook."
+      _err "Error encountered while running renew hook."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -3706,7 +3720,7 @@ _regAccount() {
 
   if [ ! -f "$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH" ]; then
     if ! _create_account_key "$_reg_length"; then
-      _err "Create account key error."
+      _err "Error creating account key."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -3740,7 +3754,7 @@ _regAccount() {
       _eabresp=$(_post "email=$_email" $_ZERO_EAB_ENDPOINT)
       if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
         _debug2 "$_eabresp"
-        _err "Can not get EAB credentials from ZeroSSL."
+        _err "Cannot get EAB credentials from ZeroSSL."
         return 1
       fi
       _secure_debug2 _eabresp "$_eabresp"
@@ -3753,7 +3767,7 @@ _regAccount() {
       _eab_hmac_key="$(echo "$_eabresp" | tr ',}' '\n\n' | grep '"eab_hmac_key"' | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d '"')"
       _secure_debug2 _eab_hmac_key "$_eab_hmac_key"
       if [ -z "$_eab_hmac_key" ]; then
-        _err "Can not resolve _eab_hmac_key"
+        _err "Cannot resolve _eab_hmac_key"
         return 1
       fi
       _savecaconf CA_EAB_KEY_ID "$_eab_kid"
@@ -3790,7 +3804,7 @@ _regAccount() {
   _info "Registering account: $ACME_DIRECTORY"
 
   if ! _send_signed_request "${ACME_NEW_ACCOUNT}" "$regjson"; then
-    _err "Register account Error: $response"
+    _err "Error registering account: $response"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3801,10 +3815,10 @@ _regAccount() {
   elif [ "$code" = '409' ] || [ "$code" = '200' ]; then
     _info "Already registered"
   elif [ "$code" = '400' ] && _contains "$response" 'The account is not awaiting external account binding'; then
-    _info "Already register EAB."
+    _info "EAB already registered"
     _eabAlreadyBound=1
   else
-    _err "Register account Error: $response"
+    _err "Account registration error: $response"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3813,7 +3827,7 @@ _regAccount() {
     _accUri="$(echo "$responseHeaders" | grep -i "^Location:" | _head_n 1 | cut -d ':' -f 2- | tr -d "\r\n ")"
     _debug "_accUri" "$_accUri"
     if [ -z "$_accUri" ]; then
-      _err "Can not find account id url."
+      _err "Cannot find account id url."
       _err "$responseHeaders"
       return 1
     fi
@@ -3828,7 +3842,7 @@ _regAccount() {
   _savecaconf CA_KEY_HASH "$CA_KEY_HASH"
 
   if [ "$code" = '403' ]; then
-    _err "It seems that the account key is already deactivated, please use a new account key."
+    _err "It seems that the account key has been deactivated, please use a new account key."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3841,7 +3855,7 @@ updateaccount() {
   _initpath
 
   if [ ! -f "$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH" ]; then
-    _err "Account key is not found at: $ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH"
+    _err "Account key not found at: $ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3849,8 +3863,7 @@ updateaccount() {
   _debug _accUri "$_accUri"
 
   if [ -z "$_accUri" ]; then
-    _err "The account url is empty, please run '--update-account' first to update the account info first,"
-    _err "Then try again."
+    _err "The account URL is empty, please run '--update-account' first to update the account info, then try again."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3872,8 +3885,11 @@ updateaccount() {
   if [ "$code" = '200' ]; then
     echo "$response" >"$ACCOUNT_JSON_PATH"
     _info "Account update success for $_accUri."
+
+    ACCOUNT_THUMBPRINT="$(__calc_account_thumbprint)"
+    _info "ACCOUNT_THUMBPRINT" "$ACCOUNT_THUMBPRINT"
   else
-    _info "Error. The account was not updated."
+    _info "An error occurred and the account was not updated."
     return 1
   fi
 }
@@ -3883,7 +3899,7 @@ deactivateaccount() {
   _initpath
 
   if [ ! -f "$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH" ]; then
-    _err "Account key is not found at: $ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH"
+    _err "Account key not found at: $ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3891,8 +3907,7 @@ deactivateaccount() {
   _debug _accUri "$_accUri"
 
   if [ -z "$_accUri" ]; then
-    _err "The account url is empty, please run '--update-account' first to update the account info first,"
-    _err "Then try again."
+    _err "The account URL is empty, please run '--update-account' first to update the account info, then try again."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3904,13 +3919,13 @@ deactivateaccount() {
   _djson="{\"status\":\"deactivated\"}"
 
   if _send_signed_request "$_accUri" "$_djson" && _contains "$response" '"deactivated"'; then
-    _info "Deactivate account success for $_accUri."
+    _info "Successfully deactivated account $_accUri."
     _accid=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\"id\" *: *[^,]*," | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d ' ,')
   elif [ "$code" = "403" ]; then
     _info "The account is already deactivated."
     _accid=$(_getfield "$_accUri" "999" "/")
   else
-    _err "Deactivate: account failed for $_accUri."
+    _err "Account deactivation failed for $_accUri."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -3924,7 +3939,7 @@ deactivateaccount() {
       mv "$ACCOUNT_JSON_PATH" "$_deactivated_account_path/"
       mv "$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH" "$_deactivated_account_path/"
     else
-      _err "Can not create dir: $_deactivated_account_path, try to remove the deactivated account key."
+      _err "Cannot create dir: $_deactivated_account_path, try to remove the deactivated account key."
       rm -f "$CA_CONF"
       rm -f "$ACCOUNT_JSON_PATH"
       rm -f "$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH"
@@ -3967,28 +3982,28 @@ __get_domain_new_authz() {
   _Max_new_authz_retry_times=5
   _authz_i=0
   while [ "$_authz_i" -lt "$_Max_new_authz_retry_times" ]; do
-    _debug "Try new-authz for the $_authz_i time."
+    _debug "Trying new-authz, attempt number $_authz_i."
     if ! _send_signed_request "${ACME_NEW_AUTHZ}" "{\"resource\": \"new-authz\", \"identifier\": {\"type\": \"dns\", \"value\": \"$(_idn "$_gdnd")\"}}"; then
-      _err "Can not get domain new authz."
+      _err "Cannot get new authz for domain."
       return 1
     fi
     if _contains "$response" "No registration exists matching provided key"; then
-      _err "It seems there is an error, but it's recovered now, please try again."
-      _err "If you see this message for a second time, please report bug: $(__green "$PROJECT")"
+      _err "There has been an error, but it might now be resolved, please try again."
+      _err "If you see this message for a second time, please report this as a bug: $(__green "$PROJECT")"
       _clearcaconf "CA_KEY_HASH"
       break
     fi
     if ! _contains "$response" "An error occurred while processing your request"; then
-      _info "The new-authz request is ok."
+      _info "new-authz request successful."
       break
     fi
     _authz_i="$(_math "$_authz_i" + 1)"
-    _info "The server is busy, Sleep $_authz_i to retry."
+    _info "The server is busy, sleeping for $_authz_i seconds and retrying."
     _sleep "$_authz_i"
   done
 
   if [ "$_authz_i" = "$_Max_new_authz_retry_times" ]; then
-    _err "new-authz retry reach the max $_Max_new_authz_retry_times times."
+    _err "new-authz has been retried $_Max_new_authz_retry_times times, stopping."
   fi
 
   if [ "$code" ] && [ "$code" != '201' ]; then
@@ -4044,7 +4059,7 @@ _ns_lookup_cf() {
 _ns_purge_cf() {
   _cf_d="$1"
   _cf_d_type="$2"
-  _debug "Cloudflare purge $_cf_d_type record for domain $_cf_d"
+  _debug "Purging Cloudflare $_cf_d_type record for domain $_cf_d"
   _cf_purl="https://cloudflare-dns.com/api/v1/purge?domain=$_cf_d&type=$_cf_d_type"
   response="$(_post "" "$_cf_purl")"
   _debug2 response "$response"
@@ -4109,21 +4124,21 @@ _ns_lookup_dp() {
 
 _ns_select_doh() {
   if [ -z "$DOH_USE" ]; then
-    _debug "Detect dns server first."
+    _debug "Detecting DNS server first."
     if _ns_is_available_cf; then
-      _debug "Use cloudflare doh server"
+      _debug "Using Cloudflare doh server"
       export DOH_USE=$DOH_CLOUDFLARE
     elif _ns_is_available_google; then
-      _debug "Use google doh server"
+      _debug "Using Google DOH server"
       export DOH_USE=$DOH_GOOGLE
     elif _ns_is_available_ali; then
-      _debug "Use aliyun doh server"
+      _debug "Using Aliyun DOH server"
       export DOH_USE=$DOH_ALI
     elif _ns_is_available_dp; then
-      _debug "Use dns pod doh server"
+      _debug "Using DNS POD DOH server"
       export DOH_USE=$DOH_DP
     else
-      _err "No doh"
+      _err "No DOH"
     fi
   fi
 }
@@ -4140,7 +4155,7 @@ _ns_lookup() {
   elif [ "$DOH_USE" = "$DOH_DP" ]; then
     _ns_lookup_dp "$@"
   else
-    _err "Unknown doh provider: DOH_USE=$DOH_USE"
+    _err "Unknown DOH provider: DOH_USE=$DOH_USE"
   fi
 
 }
@@ -4166,7 +4181,7 @@ __purge_txt() {
   if [ "$DOH_USE" = "$DOH_CLOUDFLARE" ] || [ -z "$DOH_USE" ]; then
     _ns_purge_cf "$_p_txtdomain" "TXT"
   else
-    _debug "no purge api for this doh api, just sleep 5 secs"
+    _debug "No purge API for this DOH API, just sleeping for 5 seconds"
     _sleep 5
   fi
 
@@ -4197,17 +4212,17 @@ _check_dns_entries() {
       _debug "d_api" "$d_api"
       _info "Checking $d for $aliasDomain"
       if _contains "$_success_txt" ",$txt,"; then
-        _info "Already success, continue next one."
+        _info "Already succeeded, continuing."
         continue
       fi
 
       if __check_txt "$txtdomain" "$aliasDomain" "$txt"; then
-        _info "Domain $d '$aliasDomain' success."
+        _info "Success for domain $d '$aliasDomain'."
         _success_txt="$_success_txt,$txt,"
         continue
       fi
       _left=1
-      _info "Not valid yet, let's wait 10 seconds and check next one."
+      _info "Not valid yet, let's wait for 10 seconds then check the next one."
       __purge_txt "$txtdomain"
       if [ "$txtdomain" != "$aliasDomain" ]; then
         __purge_txt "$aliasDomain"
@@ -4215,10 +4230,10 @@ _check_dns_entries() {
       _sleep 10
     done
     if [ "$_left" ]; then
-      _info "Let's wait 10 seconds and check again".
+      _info "Let's wait for 10 seconds and check again".
       _sleep 10
     else
-      _info "All success, let's return"
+      _info "All checks succeeded"
       return 0
     fi
   done
@@ -4334,14 +4349,14 @@ _convertValidaty() {
     elif _endswith "$_dateTo" "d"; then
       _v_end=$(_math "$_v_begin + 60 * 60 * 24 * $(echo "$_dateTo" | tr -d '+d')")
     else
-      _err "Not recognized format for _dateTo: $_dateTo"
+      _err "Unrecognized format for _dateTo: $_dateTo"
       return 1
     fi
     _debug2 "_v_end" "$_v_end"
     _time2str "$_v_end"
   else
     if [ "$(_time)" -gt "$(_date2time "$_dateTo")" ]; then
-      _err "The validaty to is in the past: _dateTo = $_dateTo"
+      _err "The validity end date is in the past: _dateTo = $_dateTo"
       return 1
     fi
     echo "$_dateTo"
@@ -4405,7 +4420,7 @@ issue() {
       _valid_to_saved=$(_readdomainconf Le_Valid_to)
       if [ "$_valid_to_saved" ] && ! _startswith "$_valid_to_saved" "+"; then
         _info "The domain is set to be valid to: $_valid_to_saved"
-        _info "It can not be renewed automatically"
+        _info "It cannot be renewed automatically"
         _info "See: $_VALIDITY_WIKI"
         return $RENEW_SKIP
       fi
@@ -4421,8 +4436,8 @@ issue() {
 
       if [ "$_normized_saved_domains" = "$_normized_domains" ]; then
         _info "Domains not changed."
-        _info "Skip, Next renewal time is: $(__green "$(_readdomainconf Le_NextRenewTimeStr)")"
-        _info "Add '$(__red '--force')' to force to renew."
+        _info "Skipping. Next renewal time is: $(__green "$(_readdomainconf Le_NextRenewTimeStr)")"
+        _info "Add '$(__red '--force')' to force renewal."
         return $RENEW_SKIP
       else
         _info "Domains have changed."
@@ -4481,7 +4496,7 @@ issue() {
       return 1
     fi
   else
-    _debug "_saved_account_key_hash is not changed, skip register account."
+    _debug "_saved_account_key_hash was not changed, skipping account registration."
   fi
 
   export Le_Next_Domain_Key="$CERT_KEY_PATH.next"
@@ -4495,15 +4510,15 @@ issue() {
     if [ -z "$_key" ]; then
       _key=2048
     fi
-    _debug "Read key length:$_key"
+    _debug "Read key length: $_key"
     if [ ! -f "$CERT_KEY_PATH" ] || [ "$_key_length" != "$_key" ] || [ "$Le_ForceNewDomainKey" = "1" ]; then
       if [ "$Le_ForceNewDomainKey" = "1" ] && [ -f "$Le_Next_Domain_Key" ]; then
-        _info "Using pre generated key: $Le_Next_Domain_Key"
+        _info "Using pre-generated key: $Le_Next_Domain_Key"
         cat "$Le_Next_Domain_Key" >"$CERT_KEY_PATH"
         echo "" >"$Le_Next_Domain_Key"
       else
         if ! createDomainKey "$_main_domain" "$_key_length"; then
-          _err "Create domain key error."
+          _err "Error creating domain key."
           _clearup
           _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
           return 1
@@ -4511,18 +4526,18 @@ issue() {
       fi
     fi
     if [ "$Le_ForceNewDomainKey" ]; then
-      _info "Generate next pre-generate key."
+      _info "Generating next pre-generate key."
       if [ ! -e "$Le_Next_Domain_Key" ]; then
         touch "$Le_Next_Domain_Key"
         chmod 600 "$Le_Next_Domain_Key"
       fi
       if ! _createkey "$_key_length" "$Le_Next_Domain_Key"; then
-        _err "Can not pre generate domain key"
+        _err "Cannot pre-generate domain key"
         return 1
       fi
     fi
     if ! _createcsr "$_main_domain" "$_alt_domains" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CSR_PATH" "$DOMAIN_SSL_CONF"; then
-      _err "Create CSR error."
+      _err "Error creating CSR."
       _clearup
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       return 1
@@ -4558,7 +4573,7 @@ issue() {
       _debug2 "_valid_from" "$_valid_from"
       _notBefore="$(_convertValidaty "" "$_valid_from")"
       if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-        _err "Can not parse _valid_from: $_valid_from"
+        _err "Cannot parse _valid_from: $_valid_from"
         return 1
       fi
       if [ "$(_time)" -gt "$(_date2time "$_notBefore")" ]; then
@@ -4574,7 +4589,7 @@ issue() {
       _savedomainconf "Le_Valid_To" "$_valid_to"
       _notAfter="$(_convertValidaty "$_notBefore" "$_valid_to")"
       if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-        _err "Can not parse _valid_to: $_valid_to"
+        _err "Cannot parse _valid_to: $_valid_to"
         return 1
       fi
     else
@@ -4591,7 +4606,7 @@ issue() {
     fi
     _debug "STEP 1, Ordering a Certificate"
     if ! _send_signed_request "$ACME_NEW_ORDER" "$_newOrderObj}"; then
-      _err "Create new order error."
+      _err "Error creating new order."
       _clearup
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       return 1
@@ -4611,7 +4626,7 @@ issue() {
     Le_OrderFinalize="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"finalize" *: *"[^"]*"' | cut -d '"' -f 4)"
     _debug Le_OrderFinalize "$Le_OrderFinalize"
     if [ -z "$Le_OrderFinalize" ]; then
-      _err "Create new order error. Le_OrderFinalize not found. $response"
+      _err "Error creating new order. Le_OrderFinalize not found. $response"
       _clearup
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       return 1
@@ -4635,7 +4650,7 @@ issue() {
     for _authz_url in $(echo "$_authorizations_seg" | tr ',' ' '); do
       _debug2 "_authz_url" "$_authz_url"
       if ! _send_signed_request "$_authz_url"; then
-        _err "get to authz error."
+        _err "Error getting authz."
         _err "_authorizations_seg" "$_authorizations_seg"
         _err "_authz_url" "$_authz_url"
         _err "$response"
@@ -4708,7 +4723,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
       response="$(echo "$_candidates" | sed "s/$_idn_d,//")"
       _debug2 "response" "$response"
       if [ -z "$response" ]; then
-        _err "get to authz error."
+        _err "Error getting authz."
         _err "_authorizations_map" "$_authorizations_map"
         _clearup
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
@@ -4732,10 +4747,10 @@ $_authorizations_map"
       _debug entry "$entry"
 
       if [ -z "$keyauthorization" -a -z "$entry" ]; then
-        _err "Error, can not get domain token entry $d for $vtype"
+        _err "Cannot get domain token entry $d for $vtype"
         _supported_vtypes="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\"challenges\":\[[^]]*]" | tr '{' "\n" | grep type | cut -d '"' -f 4 | tr "\n" ' ')"
         if [ "$_supported_vtypes" ]; then
-          _err "The supported validation types are: $_supported_vtypes, but you specified: $vtype"
+          _err "Supported validation types are: $_supported_vtypes, but you specified: $vtype"
         fi
         _clearup
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
@@ -4747,7 +4762,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
         _debug token "$token"
 
         if [ -z "$token" ]; then
-          _err "Error, can not get domain token $entry"
+          _err "Cannot get domain token $entry"
           _clearup
           _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
           return 1
@@ -4758,7 +4773,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
         _debug uri "$uri"
 
         if [ -z "$uri" ]; then
-          _err "Error, can not get domain uri. $entry"
+          _err "Cannot get domain URI $entry"
           _clearup
           _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
           return 1
@@ -4787,7 +4802,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
       _authz_url=$(echo "$ventry" | cut -d "$sep" -f 6)
       _debug d "$d"
       if [ "$keyauthorization" = "$STATE_VERIFIED" ]; then
-        _debug "$d is already verified, skip $vtype."
+        _debug "$d has already been verified, skipping $vtype."
         _alias_index="$(_math "$_alias_index" + 1)"
         continue
       fi
@@ -4824,37 +4839,37 @@ $_authorizations_map"
         dns_entry="$dns_entry$dvsep$txt${dvsep}$d_api"
         _debug2 dns_entry "$dns_entry"
         if [ "$d_api" ]; then
-          _debug "Found domain api file: $d_api"
+          _debug "Found domain API file: $d_api"
         else
           if [ "$_currentRoot" != "$W_DNS" ]; then
-            _err "Can not find dns api hook for: $_currentRoot"
-            _info "You need to add the txt record manually."
+            _err "Cannot find DNS API hook for: $_currentRoot"
+            _info "You need to add the TXT record manually."
           fi
           _info "$(__red "Add the following TXT record:")"
           _info "$(__red "Domain: '$(__green "$txtdomain")'")"
           _info "$(__red "TXT value: '$(__green "$txt")'")"
-          _info "$(__red "Please be aware that you prepend _acme-challenge. before your domain")"
-          _info "$(__red "so the resulting subdomain will be: $txtdomain")"
+          _info "$(__red "Please make sure to prepend '_acme-challenge.' to your domain")"
+          _info "$(__red "so that the resulting subdomain is: $txtdomain")"
           continue
         fi
 
         (
           if ! . "$d_api"; then
-            _err "Load file $d_api error. Please check your api file and try again."
+            _err "Error loading file $d_api. Please check your API file and try again."
             return 1
           fi
 
           addcommand="${_currentRoot}_add"
           if ! _exists "$addcommand"; then
-            _err "It seems that your api file is not correct, it must have a function named: $addcommand"
+            _err "It seems that your API file is incorrect. Make sure it has a function named: $addcommand"
             return 1
           fi
-          _info "Adding txt value: $txt for domain:  $txtdomain"
+          _info "Adding TXT value: $txt for domain: $txtdomain"
           if ! $addcommand "$txtdomain" "$txt"; then
-            _err "Error add txt for domain:$txtdomain"
+            _err "Error adding TXT record to domain: $txtdomain"
             return 1
           fi
-          _info "The txt record is added: Success."
+          _info "The TXT record has been successfully added."
         )
 
         if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
@@ -4871,7 +4886,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
 
     if [ "$dnsadded" = '0' ]; then
       _savedomainconf "Le_Vlist" "$vlist"
-      _debug "Dns record not added yet, so, save to $DOMAIN_CONF and exit."
+      _debug "DNS record not yet added. Will save to $DOMAIN_CONF and exit."
       _err "Please add the TXT records to the domains, and re-run with --renew."
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       _clearup
@@ -4884,23 +4899,23 @@ $_authorizations_map"
 
   if [ "$dns_entries" ]; then
     if [ -z "$Le_DNSSleep" ]; then
-      _info "Let's check each DNS record now. Sleep 20 seconds first."
+      _info "Let's check each DNS record now. Sleeping for 20 seconds first."
       _sleep 20
       if ! _check_dns_entries; then
-        _err "check dns error."
+        _err "Error checking DNS."
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
         _clearup
         return 1
       fi
     else
       _savedomainconf "Le_DNSSleep" "$Le_DNSSleep"
-      _info "Sleep $(__green $Le_DNSSleep) seconds for the txt records to take effect"
+      _info "Sleeping for $(__green $Le_DNSSleep) seconds to wait for the the TXT records to take effect"
       _sleep "$Le_DNSSleep"
     fi
   fi
 
   NGINX_RESTORE_VLIST=""
-  _debug "ok, let's start to verify"
+  _debug "OK, let's start verification"
 
   _ncIndex=1
   ventries=$(echo "$vlist" | tr "$dvsep" ' ')
@@ -4912,7 +4927,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
     _currentRoot=$(echo "$ventry" | cut -d "$sep" -f 5)
     _authz_url=$(echo "$ventry" | cut -d "$sep" -f 6)
     if [ "$keyauthorization" = "$STATE_VERIFIED" ]; then
-      _info "$d is already verified, skip $vtype."
+      _info "$d is already verified, skipping $vtype."
       continue
     fi
 
@@ -4940,10 +4955,10 @@ $_authorizations_map"
         sleep 1
         _debug serverproc "$serverproc"
       elif [ "$_currentRoot" = "$MODE_STATELESS" ]; then
-        _info "Stateless mode for domain:$d"
+        _info "Stateless mode for domain: $d"
         _sleep 1
       elif _startswith "$_currentRoot" "$NGINX"; then
-        _info "Nginx mode for domain:$d"
+        _info "Nginx mode for domain: $d"
         #set up nginx server
         FOUND_REAL_NGINX_CONF=""
         BACKUP_NGINX_CONF=""
@@ -4976,26 +4991,26 @@ $_authorizations_map"
 
         _debug wellknown_path "$wellknown_path"
 
-        _debug "writing token:$token to $wellknown_path/$token"
+        _debug "Writing token: $token to $wellknown_path/$token"
 
         mkdir -p "$wellknown_path"
 
         if ! printf "%s" "$keyauthorization" >"$wellknown_path/$token"; then
-          _err "$d:Can not write token to file : $wellknown_path/$token"
+          _err "$d: Cannot write token to file: $wellknown_path/$token"
           _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
           _clearup
           _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
           return 1
         fi
         if ! chmod a+r "$wellknown_path/$token"; then
-          _debug "chmod failed, but we just continue."
+          _debug "chmod failed, will just continue."
         fi
       fi
     elif [ "$vtype" = "$VTYPE_ALPN" ]; then
       acmevalidationv1="$(printf "%s" "$keyauthorization" | _digest "sha256" "hex")"
       _debug acmevalidationv1 "$acmevalidationv1"
       if ! _starttlsserver "$d" "" "$Le_TLSPort" "$keyauthorization" "$_ncaddr" "$acmevalidationv1"; then
-        _err "Start tls server error."
+        _err "Error starting TLS server."
         _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
         _clearup
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
@@ -5004,7 +5019,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
     fi
 
     if ! __trigger_validation "$uri" "$keyauthorization" "$vtype"; then
-      _err "$d:Can not get challenge: $response"
+      _err "$d: Cannot get challenge: $response"
       _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
       _clearup
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
@@ -5013,9 +5028,9 @@ $_authorizations_map"
 
     if [ "$code" ] && [ "$code" != '202' ]; then
       if [ "$code" = '200' ]; then
-        _debug "trigger validation code: $code"
+        _debug "Trigger validation code: $code"
       else
-        _err "$d:Challenge error: $response"
+        _err "$d: Challenge error: $response"
         _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
         _clearup
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
@@ -5028,11 +5043,11 @@ $_authorizations_map"
       MAX_RETRY_TIMES=30
     fi
 
-    _debug "Lets check the status of the authz"
+    _debug "Let's check the authz status"
     while true; do
       waittimes=$(_math "$waittimes" + 1)
       if [ "$waittimes" -ge "$MAX_RETRY_TIMES" ]; then
-        _err "$d:Timeout"
+        _err "$d: Timeout"
         _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
         _clearup
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
@@ -5052,13 +5067,13 @@ $_authorizations_map"
         errordetail="$(echo "$error" | _egrep_o '"detail": *"[^"]*' | cut -d '"' -f 4)"
         _debug2 errordetail "$errordetail"
         if [ "$errordetail" ]; then
-          _err "Invalid status, $d:Verify error detail:$errordetail"
+          _err "$d: Invalid status. Verification error details: $errordetail"
         else
-          _err "Invalid status, $d:Verify error:$error"
+          _err "$d: Invalid status, Verification error: $error"
         fi
         if [ "$DEBUG" ]; then
           if [ "$vtype" = "$VTYPE_HTTP" ]; then
-            _debug "Debug: get token url."
+            _debug "Debug: GET token URL."
             _get "http://$d/.well-known/acme-challenge/$token" "" 1
           fi
         fi
@@ -5077,46 +5092,59 @@ $_authorizations_map"
       fi
 
       if _contains "$status" "pending"; then
-        _info "Pending, The CA is processing your order, please just wait. ($waittimes/$MAX_RETRY_TIMES)"
+        _info "Pending. The CA is processing your order, please wait. ($waittimes/$MAX_RETRY_TIMES)"
       elif _contains "$status" "processing"; then
-        _info "Processing, The CA is processing your order, please just wait. ($waittimes/$MAX_RETRY_TIMES)"
+        _info "Processing. The CA is processing your order, please wait. ($waittimes/$MAX_RETRY_TIMES)"
       else
-        _err "Unknown status: $status, $d:Verify error:$response"
+        _err "$d: Unknown status: $status. Verification error: $response"
         _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
         _clearup
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
         return 1
       fi
-      _debug "sleep 2 secs to verify again"
+      _debug "Sleep 2 seconds before verifying again"
       _sleep 2
-      _debug "checking"
+      _debug "Checking"
 
       _send_signed_request "$_authz_url"
 
       if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-        _err "Invalid code, $d:Verify error:$response"
+        _err "$d: Invalid code. Verification error: $response"
         _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
         _clearup
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
         return 1
       fi
+      _retryafter=$(echo "$responseHeaders" | grep -i "^Retry-After *: *[0-9]\+ *" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d ' ' | tr -d '\r')
+      _sleep_overload_retry_sec=$_retryafter
+      if [ "$_sleep_overload_retry_sec" ]; then
+        if [ $_sleep_overload_retry_sec -le 600 ]; then
+          _sleep $_sleep_overload_retry_sec
+        else
+          _info "The retryafter=$_retryafter value is too large (> 600), will not retry anymore."
+          _clearupwebbroot "$_currentRoot" "$removelevel" "$token"
+          _clearup
+          _on_issue_err "$_post_hook" "$vlist"
+          return 1
+        fi
+      fi
     done
 
   done
 
   _clearup
-  _info "Verify finished, start to sign."
+  _info "Verification finished, beginning signing."
   der="$(_getfile "${CSR_PATH}" "${BEGIN_CSR}" "${END_CSR}" | tr -d "\r\n" | _url_replace)"
 
-  _info "Lets finalize the order."
+  _info "Let's finalize the order."
   _info "Le_OrderFinalize" "$Le_OrderFinalize"
   if ! _send_signed_request "${Le_OrderFinalize}" "{\"csr\": \"$der\"}"; then
-    _err "Sign failed."
+    _err "Signing failed."
     _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
     return 1
   fi
   if [ "$code" != "200" ]; then
-    _err "Sign failed, finalize code is not 200."
+    _err "Signing failed. Finalize code was not 200."
     _err "$response"
     _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
     return 1
@@ -5135,38 +5163,38 @@ $_authorizations_map"
       Le_LinkCert="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"certificate" *: *"[^"]*"' | cut -d '"' -f 4)"
       _debug Le_LinkCert "$Le_LinkCert"
       if [ -z "$Le_LinkCert" ]; then
-        _err "Sign error, can not find Le_LinkCert"
+        _err "A signing error occurred: could not find Le_LinkCert"
         _err "$response"
         _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
         return 1
       fi
       break
     elif _contains "$response" "\"processing\""; then
-      _info "Order status is processing, lets sleep and retry."
+      _info "Order status is 'processing', let's sleep and retry."
       _retryafter=$(echo "$responseHeaders" | grep -i "^Retry-After *:" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d ' ' | tr -d '\r')
       _debug "_retryafter" "$_retryafter"
       if [ "$_retryafter" ]; then
-        _info "Retry after: $_retryafter"
+        _info "Sleeping for $_retryafter seconds then retrying"
         _sleep $_retryafter
       else
         _sleep 2
       fi
     else
-      _err "Sign error, wrong status"
+      _err "Signing error: wrong status"
       _err "$response"
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       return 1
     fi
     #the order is processing, so we are going to poll order status
     if [ -z "$Le_LinkOrder" ]; then
-      _err "Sign error, can not get order link location header"
+      _err "Signing error: could not get order link location header"
       _err "responseHeaders" "$responseHeaders"
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       return 1
     fi
     _info "Polling order status: $Le_LinkOrder"
     if ! _send_signed_request "$Le_LinkOrder"; then
-      _err "Sign failed, can not post to Le_LinkOrder cert:$Le_LinkOrder."
+      _err "Signing failed. Could not make POST request to Le_LinkOrder for cert: $Le_LinkOrder."
       _err "$response"
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       return 1
@@ -5175,7 +5203,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
   done
 
   if [ -z "$Le_LinkCert" ]; then
-    _err "Sign failed, can not get Le_LinkCert, retry time limit."
+    _err "Signing failed. Could not get Le_LinkCert, and stopped retrying after reaching the retry limit."
     _err "$response"
     _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
     return 1
@@ -5183,7 +5211,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
   _info "Downloading cert."
   _info "Le_LinkCert" "$Le_LinkCert"
   if ! _send_signed_request "$Le_LinkCert"; then
-    _err "Sign failed, can not download cert:$Le_LinkCert."
+    _err "Signing failed. Could not download cert: $Le_LinkCert."
     _err "$response"
     _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
     return 1
@@ -5196,15 +5224,15 @@ $_authorizations_map"
   fi
   if [ "$_preferred_chain" ] && [ -f "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH" ]; then
     if [ "$DEBUG" ]; then
-      _debug "default chain issuers: " "$(_get_chain_issuers "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH")"
+      _debug "Default chain issuers: " "$(_get_chain_issuers "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH")"
     fi
     if ! _match_issuer "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH" "$_preferred_chain"; then
       rels="$(echo "$responseHeaders" | tr -d ' <>' | grep -i "^link:" | grep -i 'rel="alternate"' | cut -d : -f 2- | cut -d ';' -f 1)"
       _debug2 "rels" "$rels"
       for rel in $rels; do
-        _info "Try rel: $rel"
+        _info "Trying rel: $rel"
         if ! _send_signed_request "$rel"; then
-          _err "Sign failed, can not download cert:$rel"
+          _err "Signing failed, could not download cert: $rel"
           _err "$response"
           continue
         fi
@@ -5238,7 +5266,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
 
   if [ -z "$Le_LinkCert" ] || ! _checkcert "$CERT_PATH"; then
     response="$(echo "$response" | _dbase64 "multiline" | tr -d '\0' | _normalizeJson)"
-    _err "Sign failed: $(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"detail":"[^"]*"')"
+    _err "Signing failed: $(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"detail":"[^"]*"')"
     _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
     return 1
   fi
@@ -5260,9 +5288,9 @@ $_authorizations_map"
   fi
 
   [ -f "$CA_CERT_PATH" ] && _info "The intermediate CA cert is in: $(__green "$CA_CERT_PATH")"
-  [ -f "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH" ] && _info "And the full chain certs is there: $(__green "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH")"
+  [ -f "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH" ] && _info "And the full-chain cert is in: $(__green "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH")"
   if [ "$Le_ForceNewDomainKey" ] && [ -e "$Le_Next_Domain_Key" ]; then
-    _info "Your pre-generated next key for future cert key change is in: $(__green "$Le_Next_Domain_Key")"
+    _info "Your pre-generated key for future cert key changes is in: $(__green "$Le_Next_Domain_Key")"
   fi
 
   Le_CertCreateTime=$(_time)
@@ -5312,8 +5340,8 @@ $_authorizations_map"
     Le_NextRenewTime=$(_date2time "$_notAfter")
     Le_NextRenewTimeStr="$_notAfter"
     if [ "$_valid_to" ] && ! _startswith "$_valid_to" "+"; then
-      _info "The domain is set to be valid to: $_valid_to"
-      _info "It can not be renewed automatically"
+      _info "The domain is set to be valid until: $_valid_to"
+      _info "It cannot be renewed automatically"
       _info "See: $_VALIDITY_WIKI"
     else
       _now=$(_time)
@@ -5338,6 +5366,12 @@ $_authorizations_map"
   _savedomainconf "Le_NextRenewTimeStr" "$Le_NextRenewTimeStr"
   _savedomainconf "Le_NextRenewTime" "$Le_NextRenewTime"
 
+  #convert to pkcs12
+  if [ "$Le_PFXPassword" ]; then
+    _toPkcs "$CERT_PFX_PATH" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CERT_PATH" "$CA_CERT_PATH" "$Le_PFXPassword"
+  fi
+  export CERT_PFX_PATH
+
   if [ "$_real_cert$_real_key$_real_ca$_reload_cmd$_real_fullchain" ]; then
     _savedomainconf "Le_RealCertPath" "$_real_cert"
     _savedomainconf "Le_RealCACertPath" "$_real_ca"
@@ -5350,7 +5384,7 @@ $_authorizations_map"
   fi
 
   if ! _on_issue_success "$_post_hook" "$_renew_hook"; then
-    _err "Call hook error."
+    _err "Error calling hook."
     return 1
   fi
 }
@@ -5386,9 +5420,9 @@ renew() {
   _initpath "$Le_Domain" "$_isEcc"
 
   _set_level=${NOTIFY_LEVEL:-$NOTIFY_LEVEL_DEFAULT}
-  _info "$(__green "Renew: '$Le_Domain'")"
+  _info "$(__green "Renewing: '$Le_Domain'")"
   if [ ! -f "$DOMAIN_CONF" ]; then
-    _info "'$Le_Domain' is not an issued domain, skip."
+    _info "'$Le_Domain' is not an issued domain, skipping."
     return $RENEW_SKIP
   fi
 
@@ -5417,7 +5451,7 @@ renew() {
   if [ "$_server" ]; then
     Le_API="$_server"
   fi
-  _info "Renew to Le_API=$Le_API"
+  _info "Renewing using Le_API=$Le_API"
 
   _clearAPI
   _clearCA
@@ -5428,8 +5462,8 @@ renew() {
   _initpath "$Le_Domain" "$_isEcc"
 
   if [ -z "$FORCE" ] && [ "$Le_NextRenewTime" ] && [ "$(_time)" -lt "$Le_NextRenewTime" ]; then
-    _info "Skip, Next renewal time is: $(__green "$Le_NextRenewTimeStr")"
-    _info "Add '$(__red '--force')' to force to renew."
+    _info "Skipping. Next renewal time is: $(__green "$Le_NextRenewTimeStr")"
+    _info "Add '$(__red '--force')' to force renewal."
     if [ -z "$_ACME_IN_RENEWALL" ]; then
       if [ $_set_level -ge $NOTIFY_LEVEL_SKIP ]; then
         _send_notify "Renew $Le_Domain skipped" "Good, the cert is skipped." "$NOTIFY_HOOK" "$RENEW_SKIP"
@@ -5439,7 +5473,7 @@ renew() {
   fi
 
   if [ "$_ACME_IN_CRON" = "1" ] && [ -z "$Le_CertCreateTime" ]; then
-    _info "Skip invalid cert for: $Le_Domain"
+    _info "Skipping invalid cert for: $Le_Domain"
     return $RENEW_SKIP
   fi
 
@@ -5505,7 +5539,7 @@ renewAll() {
   for di in "${CERT_HOME}"/*.*/; do
     _debug di "$di"
     if ! [ -d "$di" ]; then
-      _debug "Not a directory, skip: $di"
+      _debug "Not a directory, skipping: $di"
       continue
     fi
     d=$(basename "$di")
@@ -5563,12 +5597,12 @@ renewAll() {
       _error_msg="${_error_msg}    $d
 "
       if [ "$_stopRenewOnError" ]; then
-        _err "Error renew $d,  stop now."
+        _err "Error renewing $d, stopping."
         _ret="$rc"
         break
       else
         _ret="$rc"
-        _err "Error renew $d."
+        _err "Error renewing $d."
       fi
     fi
   done
@@ -5579,13 +5613,13 @@ renewAll() {
       _msg_subject="Renew"
       if [ "$_error_msg" ]; then
         _msg_subject="${_msg_subject} Error"
-        _msg_data="Error certs:
+        _msg_data="Errored certs:
 ${_error_msg}
 "
       fi
       if [ "$_success_msg" ]; then
         _msg_subject="${_msg_subject} Success"
-        _msg_data="${_msg_data}Success certs:
+        _msg_data="${_msg_data}Successful certs:
 ${_success_msg}
 "
       fi
@@ -5626,18 +5660,18 @@ signcsr() {
 
   _csrsubj=$(_readSubjectFromCSR "$_csrfile")
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "Can not read subject from csr: $_csrfile"
+    _err "Cannot read subject from CSR: $_csrfile"
     return 1
   fi
   _debug _csrsubj "$_csrsubj"
   if _contains "$_csrsubj" ' ' || ! _contains "$_csrsubj" '.'; then
-    _info "It seems that the subject: $_csrsubj is not a valid domain name. Drop it."
+    _info "It seems that the subject $_csrsubj is not a valid domain name. Dropping it."
     _csrsubj=""
   fi
 
   _csrdomainlist=$(_readSubjectAltNamesFromCSR "$_csrfile")
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "Can not read domain list from csr: $_csrfile"
+    _err "Cannot read domain list from CSR: $_csrfile"
     return 1
   fi
   _debug "_csrdomainlist" "$_csrdomainlist"
@@ -5650,20 +5684,20 @@ signcsr() {
   fi
 
   if [ -z "$_csrsubj" ]; then
-    _err "Can not read subject from csr: $_csrfile"
+    _err "Cannot read subject from CSR: $_csrfile"
     return 1
   fi
 
   _csrkeylength=$(_readKeyLengthFromCSR "$_csrfile")
   if [ "$?" != "0" ] || [ -z "$_csrkeylength" ]; then
-    _err "Can not read key length from csr: $_csrfile"
+    _err "Cannot read key length from CSR: $_csrfile"
     return 1
   fi
 
   _initpath "$_csrsubj" "$_csrkeylength"
   mkdir -p "$DOMAIN_PATH"
 
-  _info "Copy csr to: $CSR_PATH"
+  _info "Copying CSR to: $CSR_PATH"
   cp "$_csrfile" "$CSR_PATH"
 
   issue "$_csrW" "$_csrsubj" "$_csrdomainlist" "$_csrkeylength" "$_real_cert" "$_real_key" "$_real_ca" "$_reload_cmd" "$_real_fullchain" "$_pre_hook" "$_post_hook" "$_renew_hook" "$_local_addr" "$_challenge_alias" "$_preferred_chain"
@@ -5682,18 +5716,18 @@ showcsr() {
 
   _csrsubj=$(_readSubjectFromCSR "$_csrfile")
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "Can not read subject from csr: $_csrfile"
+    _err "Cannot read subject from CSR: $_csrfile"
     return 1
   fi
   if [ -z "$_csrsubj" ]; then
-    _info "The Subject is empty"
+    _info "The subject is empty"
   fi
 
   _info "Subject=$_csrsubj"
 
   _csrdomainlist=$(_readSubjectAltNamesFromCSR "$_csrfile")
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "Can not read domain list from csr: $_csrfile"
+    _err "Cannot read domain list from CSR: $_csrfile"
     return 1
   fi
   _debug "_csrdomainlist" "$_csrdomainlist"
@@ -5702,7 +5736,7 @@ showcsr() {
 
   _csrkeylength=$(_readKeyLengthFromCSR "$_csrfile")
   if [ "$?" != "0" ] || [ -z "$_csrkeylength" ]; then
-    _err "Can not read key length from csr: $_csrfile"
+    _err "Cannot read key length from CSR: $_csrfile"
     return 1
   fi
   _info "KeyLength=$_csrkeylength"
@@ -5758,29 +5792,29 @@ _deploy() {
   for _d_api in $(echo "$_hooks" | tr ',' " "); do
     _deployApi="$(_findHook "$_d" $_SUB_FOLDER_DEPLOY "$_d_api")"
     if [ -z "$_deployApi" ]; then
-      _err "The deploy hook $_d_api is not found."
+      _err "The deploy hook $_d_api was not found."
       return 1
     fi
     _debug _deployApi "$_deployApi"
 
     if ! (
       if ! . "$_deployApi"; then
-        _err "Load file $_deployApi error. Please check your api file and try again."
+        _err "Error loading file $_deployApi. Please check your API file and try again."
         return 1
       fi
 
       d_command="${_d_api}_deploy"
       if ! _exists "$d_command"; then
-        _err "It seems that your api file is not correct, it must have a function named: $d_command"
+        _err "It seems that your API file is not correct. Make sure it has a function named: $d_command"
         return 1
       fi
 
       if ! $d_command "$_d" "$CERT_KEY_PATH" "$CERT_PATH" "$CA_CERT_PATH" "$CERT_FULLCHAIN_PATH"; then
-        _err "Error deploy for domain:$_d"
+        _err "Error deploying for domain: $_d"
         return 1
       fi
     ); then
-      _err "Deploy error."
+      _err "Error encountered while deploying."
       return 1
     else
       _info "$(__green Success)"
@@ -5801,7 +5835,7 @@ deploy() {
   _initpath "$_d" "$_isEcc"
   if [ ! -d "$DOMAIN_PATH" ]; then
     _err "The domain '$_d' is not a cert name. You must use the cert name to specify the cert to install."
-    _err "Can not find path:'$DOMAIN_PATH'"
+    _err "Cannot find path: '$DOMAIN_PATH'"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -5830,7 +5864,7 @@ installcert() {
   _initpath "$_main_domain" "$_isEcc"
   if [ ! -d "$DOMAIN_PATH" ]; then
     _err "The domain '$_main_domain' is not a cert name. You must use the cert name to specify the cert to install."
-    _err "Can not find path:'$DOMAIN_PATH'"
+    _err "Cannot find path: '$DOMAIN_PATH'"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -5925,7 +5959,7 @@ _installcert() {
   fi
 
   if [ "$_reload_cmd" ]; then
-    _info "Run reload cmd: $_reload_cmd"
+    _info "Running reload cmd: $_reload_cmd"
     if (
       export CERT_PATH
       export CERT_KEY_PATH
@@ -5936,9 +5970,9 @@ _installcert() {
       export Le_Next_Domain_Key
       cd "$DOMAIN_PATH" && eval "$_reload_cmd"
     ); then
-      _info "$(__green "Reload success")"
+      _info "$(__green "Reload successful")"
     else
-      _err "Reload error for :$Le_Domain"
+      _err "Reload error for: $Le_Domain"
     fi
   fi
 
@@ -5966,25 +6000,25 @@ _install_win_taskscheduler() {
     return 1
   fi
   if ! _exists schtasks; then
-    _err "schtasks.exe is not found, are you on Windows?"
+    _err "schtasks.exe was not found, are you on Windows?"
     return 1
   fi
   _winbash="$(cygpath -w $(which bash))"
   _debug _winbash "$_winbash"
   if [ -z "$_winbash" ]; then
-    _err "can not find bash path"
+    _err "Cannot find bash path"
     return 1
   fi
   _myname="$(whoami)"
   _debug "_myname" "$_myname"
   if [ -z "$_myname" ]; then
-    _err "can not find my user name"
+    _err "Can not find own username"
     return 1
   fi
   _debug "_lesh" "$_lesh"
 
-  _info "To install scheduler task in your Windows account, you must input your windows password."
-  _info "$PROJECT_NAME doesn't save your password."
+  _info "To install the scheduler task to your Windows account, you must input your Windows password."
+  _info "$PROJECT_NAME will not save your password."
   _info "Please input your Windows password for: $(__green "$_myname")"
   _password="$(__read_password)"
   #SCHTASKS.exe '/create' '/SC' 'DAILY' '/TN' "$_WINDOWS_SCHEDULER_NAME" '/F' '/ST' "00:$_randomminute" '/RU' "$_myname" '/RP' "$_password" '/TR' "$_winbash -l -c '$_lesh --cron --home \"$LE_WORKING_DIR\" $_centry'" >/dev/null
@@ -5995,11 +6029,11 @@ _install_win_taskscheduler() {
 
 _uninstall_win_taskscheduler() {
   if ! _exists schtasks; then
-    _err "schtasks.exe is not found, are you on Windows?"
+    _err "schtasks.exe was not found, are you on Windows?"
     return 1
   fi
   if ! echo SCHTASKS /query /tn "$_WINDOWS_SCHEDULER_NAME" | cmd.exe >/dev/null; then
-    _debug "scheduler $_WINDOWS_SCHEDULER_NAME is not found."
+    _debug "scheduler $_WINDOWS_SCHEDULER_NAME was not found."
   else
     _info "Removing $_WINDOWS_SCHEDULER_NAME"
     echo SCHTASKS /delete /f /tn "$_WINDOWS_SCHEDULER_NAME" | cmd.exe >/dev/null
@@ -6018,10 +6052,10 @@ installcronjob() {
     _script="$(_readlink "$_SCRIPT_")"
     _debug _script "$_script"
     if [ -f "$_script" ]; then
-      _info "Using the current script from: $_script"
+      _info "Usinging the current script from: $_script"
       lesh="$_script"
     else
-      _err "Can not install cronjob, $PROJECT_ENTRY not found."
+      _err "Cannot install cronjob, $PROJECT_ENTRY not found."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -6038,18 +6072,18 @@ installcronjob() {
 
   if ! _exists "$_CRONTAB"; then
     if _exists cygpath && _exists schtasks.exe; then
-      _info "It seems you are on Windows,  let's install Windows scheduler task."
+      _info "It seems you are on Windows, let's install the Windows scheduler task."
       if _install_win_taskscheduler "$lesh" "$_c_entry" "$random_minute"; then
-        _info "Install Windows scheduler task success."
+        _info "Successfully installed Windows scheduler task."
         return 0
       else
-        _err "Install Windows scheduler task failed."
+        _err "Failed to install Windows scheduler task."
         return 1
       fi
     fi
-    _err "crontab/fcrontab doesn't exist, so, we can not install cron jobs."
-    _err "All your certs will not be renewed automatically."
-    _err "You must add your own cron job to call '$PROJECT_ENTRY --cron' everyday."
+    _err "crontab/fcrontab doesn't exist, so we cannot install cron jobs."
+    _err "Your certs will not be renewed automatically."
+    _err "You must add your own cron job to call '$PROJECT_ENTRY --cron' every day."
     return 1
   fi
   _info "Installing cron job"
@@ -6065,8 +6099,8 @@ installcronjob() {
     } | $_CRONTAB_STDIN
   fi
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "Install cron job failed. You need to manually renew your certs."
-    _err "Or you can add cronjob by yourself:"
+    _err "Failed to install cron job. You need to manually renew your certs."
+    _err "Alternatively, you can add a cron job by yourself:"
     _err "$lesh --cron --home \"$LE_WORKING_DIR\" > /dev/null"
     return 1
   fi
@@ -6080,12 +6114,12 @@ uninstallcronjob() {
 
   if ! _exists "$_CRONTAB"; then
     if _exists cygpath && _exists schtasks.exe; then
-      _info "It seems you are on Windows,  let's uninstall Windows scheduler task."
+      _info "It seems you are on Windows, let's uninstall the Windows scheduler task."
       if _uninstall_win_taskscheduler; then
-        _info "Uninstall Windows scheduler task success."
+        _info "Successfully uninstalled Windows scheduler task."
         return 0
       else
-        _err "Uninstall Windows scheduler task failed."
+        _err "Failed to uninstall Windows scheduler task."
         return 1
       fi
     fi
@@ -6125,12 +6159,12 @@ revoke() {
   fi
   _initpath "$Le_Domain" "$_isEcc"
   if [ ! -f "$DOMAIN_CONF" ]; then
-    _err "$Le_Domain is not a issued domain, skip."
+    _err "$Le_Domain is not an issued domain, skipping."
     return 1
   fi
 
   if [ ! -f "$CERT_PATH" ]; then
-    _err "Cert for $Le_Domain $CERT_PATH is not found, skip."
+    _err "Cert for $Le_Domain $CERT_PATH was not found, skipping."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -6154,7 +6188,7 @@ revoke() {
   cert="$(_getfile "${CERT_PATH}" "${BEGIN_CERT}" "${END_CERT}" | tr -d "\r\n" | _url_replace)"
 
   if [ -z "$cert" ]; then
-    _err "Cert for $Le_Domain is empty found, skip."
+    _err "Cert for $Le_Domain is empty, skipping."
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -6164,31 +6198,31 @@ revoke() {
 
   uri="${ACME_REVOKE_CERT}"
 
-  _info "Try account key first."
+  _info "Trying account key first."
   if _send_signed_request "$uri" "$data" "" "$ACCOUNT_KEY_PATH"; then
     if [ -z "$response" ]; then
-      _info "Revoke success."
+      _info "Successfully revoked."
       rm -f "$CERT_PATH"
       cat "$CERT_KEY_PATH" >"$CERT_KEY_PATH.revoked"
       cat "$CSR_PATH" >"$CSR_PATH.revoked"
       return 0
     else
-      _err "Revoke error."
+      _err "Error revoking."
       _debug "$response"
     fi
   fi
 
   if [ -f "$CERT_KEY_PATH" ]; then
-    _info "Try domain key."
+    _info "Trying domain key."
     if _send_signed_request "$uri" "$data" "" "$CERT_KEY_PATH"; then
       if [ -z "$response" ]; then
-        _info "Revoke success."
+        _info "Successfully revoked."
         rm -f "$CERT_PATH"
         cat "$CERT_KEY_PATH" >"$CERT_KEY_PATH.revoked"
         cat "$CSR_PATH" >"$CSR_PATH.revoked"
         return 0
       else
-        _err "Revoke error by domain key."
+        _err "Error revoking using domain key."
         _err "$response"
       fi
     fi
@@ -6212,19 +6246,19 @@ remove() {
   _removed_conf="$DOMAIN_CONF.removed"
   if [ ! -f "$DOMAIN_CONF" ]; then
     if [ -f "$_removed_conf" ]; then
-      _err "$Le_Domain is already removed, You can remove the folder by yourself: $DOMAIN_PATH"
+      _err "$Le_Domain has already been removed. You can remove the folder by yourself: $DOMAIN_PATH"
     else
-      _err "$Le_Domain is not a issued domain, skip."
+      _err "$Le_Domain is not an issued domain, skipping."
     fi
     return 1
   fi
 
   if mv "$DOMAIN_CONF" "$_removed_conf"; then
-    _info "$Le_Domain is removed, the key and cert files are in $(__green $DOMAIN_PATH)"
+    _info "$Le_Domain has been removed. The key and cert files are in $(__green $DOMAIN_PATH)"
     _info "You can remove them by yourself."
     return 0
   else
-    _err "Remove $Le_Domain failed."
+    _err "Failed to remove $Le_Domain."
     return 1
   fi
 }
@@ -6254,7 +6288,7 @@ _deactivate() {
 
   _identifiers="{\"type\":\"$(_getIdType "$_d_domain")\",\"value\":\"$_d_domain\"}"
   if ! _send_signed_request "$ACME_NEW_ORDER" "{\"identifiers\": [$_identifiers]}"; then
-    _err "Can not get domain new order."
+    _err "Cannot get new order for domain."
     return 1
   fi
   _authorizations_seg="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"authorizations" *: *\[[^\]*\]' | cut -d '[' -f 2 | tr -d ']' | tr -d '"')"
@@ -6269,7 +6303,7 @@ _deactivate() {
   authzUri="$_authorizations_seg"
   _debug2 "authzUri" "$authzUri"
   if ! _send_signed_request "$authzUri"; then
-    _err "get to authz error."
+    _err "Error making GET request for authz."
     _err "_authorizations_seg" "$_authorizations_seg"
     _err "authzUri" "$authzUri"
     _clearup
@@ -6292,7 +6326,7 @@ _deactivate() {
     entry="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '[^\{]*"type":"'$vtype'"[^\}]*')"
     _debug entry "$entry"
     if [ -z "$entry" ]; then
-      _err "Error, can not get domain token $d"
+      _err "$d: Cannot get domain token"
       return 1
     fi
     token="$(echo "$entry" | _egrep_o '"token":"[^"]*' | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d '"')"
@@ -6310,13 +6344,13 @@ _deactivate() {
   _d_i=0
   _d_max_retry=$(echo "$entries" | wc -l)
   while [ "$_d_i" -lt "$_d_max_retry" ]; do
-    _info "Deactivate: $_d_domain"
+    _info "Deactivating $_d_domain"
     _d_i="$(_math $_d_i + 1)"
     entry="$(echo "$entries" | sed -n "${_d_i}p")"
     _debug entry "$entry"
 
     if [ -z "$entry" ]; then
-      _info "No more valid entry found."
+      _info "No more valid entries found."
       break
     fi
 
@@ -6328,27 +6362,27 @@ _deactivate() {
     _debug uri "$uri"
 
     if [ "$_d_type" ] && [ "$_d_type" != "$_vtype" ]; then
-      _info "Skip $_vtype"
+      _info "Skipping $_vtype"
       continue
     fi
 
-    _info "Deactivate: $_vtype"
+    _info "Deactivating $_vtype"
 
     _djson="{\"status\":\"deactivated\"}"
 
     if _send_signed_request "$authzUri" "$_djson" && _contains "$response" '"deactivated"'; then
-      _info "Deactivate: $_vtype success."
+      _info "Successfully deactivated $_vtype."
     else
-      _err "Can not deactivate $_vtype."
+      _err "Could not deactivate $_vtype."
       break
     fi
 
   done
   _debug "$_d_i"
   if [ "$_d_i" -eq "$_d_max_retry" ]; then
-    _info "Deactivated success!"
+    _info "Successfully deactivated!"
   else
-    _err "Deactivate failed."
+    _err "Deactivation failed."
   fi
 
 }
@@ -6429,17 +6463,17 @@ _precheck() {
   _nocron="$1"
 
   if ! _exists "curl" && ! _exists "wget"; then
-    _err "Please install curl or wget first, we need to access http resources."
+    _err "Please install curl or wget first to enable access to HTTP resources."
     return 1
   fi
 
   if [ -z "$_nocron" ]; then
     if ! _exists "crontab" && ! _exists "fcrontab"; then
       if _exists cygpath && _exists schtasks.exe; then
-        _info "It seems you are on Windows,  we will install Windows scheduler task."
+        _info "It seems you are on Windows, we will install the Windows scheduler task."
       else
-        _err "It is recommended to install crontab first. try to install 'cron, crontab, crontabs or vixie-cron'."
-        _err "We need to set cron job to renew the certs automatically."
+        _err "It is recommended to install crontab first. Try to install 'cron', 'crontab', 'crontabs' or 'vixie-cron'."
+        _err "We need to set a cron job to renew the certs automatically."
         _err "Otherwise, your certs will not be able to be renewed automatically."
         if [ -z "$FORCE" ]; then
           _err "Please add '--force' and try install again to go without crontab."
@@ -6458,8 +6492,8 @@ _precheck() {
 
   if ! _exists "socat"; then
     _err "It is recommended to install socat first."
-    _err "We use socat for standalone server if you use standalone mode."
-    _err "If you don't use standalone mode, just ignore this warning."
+    _err "We use socat for the standalone server, which is used for standalone mode."
+    _err "If you don't want to use standalone mode, you may ignore this warning."
   fi
 
   return 0
@@ -6507,9 +6541,9 @@ _installalias() {
     _debug "Found profile: $_profile"
     _info "Installing alias to '$_profile'"
     _setopt "$_profile" ". \"$_envfile\""
-    _info "OK, Close and reopen your terminal to start using $PROJECT_NAME"
+    _info "Close and reopen your terminal to start using $PROJECT_NAME"
   else
-    _info "No profile is found, you will need to go into $LE_WORKING_DIR to use $PROJECT_NAME"
+    _info "No profile has been found, you will need to change your working directory to $LE_WORKING_DIR to use $PROJECT_NAME"
   fi
 
   #for csh
@@ -6558,12 +6592,12 @@ install() {
     return 1
   fi
   if [ "$_nocron" ]; then
-    _debug "Skip install cron job"
+    _debug "Skipping cron job installation"
   fi
 
   if [ "$_ACME_IN_CRON" != "1" ]; then
     if ! _precheck "$_nocron"; then
-      _err "Pre-check failed, can not install."
+      _err "Pre-check failed, cannot install."
       return 1
     fi
   fi
@@ -6593,7 +6627,7 @@ install() {
 
   if [ ! -d "$LE_WORKING_DIR" ]; then
     if ! mkdir -p "$LE_WORKING_DIR"; then
-      _err "Can not create working dir: $LE_WORKING_DIR"
+      _err "Cannot create working dir: $LE_WORKING_DIR"
       return 1
     fi
 
@@ -6602,7 +6636,7 @@ install() {
 
   if [ ! -d "$LE_CONFIG_HOME" ]; then
     if ! mkdir -p "$LE_CONFIG_HOME"; then
-      _err "Can not create config dir: $LE_CONFIG_HOME"
+      _err "Cannot create config dir: $LE_CONFIG_HOME"
       return 1
     fi
 
@@ -6612,7 +6646,7 @@ install() {
   cp "$PROJECT_ENTRY" "$LE_WORKING_DIR/" && chmod +x "$LE_WORKING_DIR/$PROJECT_ENTRY"
 
   if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
-    _err "Install failed, can not copy $PROJECT_ENTRY"
+    _err "Installation failed, cannot copy $PROJECT_ENTRY"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -6658,7 +6692,7 @@ install() {
       fi
     fi
     if [ "$_bash_path" ]; then
-      _info "Good, bash is found, so change the shebang to use bash as preferred."
+      _info "bash has been found. Changing the shebang to use bash as preferred."
       _shebang='#!'"$_bash_path"
       _setShebang "$LE_WORKING_DIR/$PROJECT_ENTRY" "$_shebang"
       for subf in $_SUB_FOLDERS; do
@@ -6689,7 +6723,7 @@ uninstall() {
   _uninstallalias
 
   rm -f "$LE_WORKING_DIR/$PROJECT_ENTRY"
-  _info "The keys and certs are in \"$(__green "$LE_CONFIG_HOME")\", you can remove them by yourself."
+  _info "The keys and certs are in \"$(__green "$LE_CONFIG_HOME")\". You can remove them by yourself."
 
 }
 
@@ -6727,7 +6761,7 @@ cron() {
     export LE_WORKING_DIR
     (
       if ! upgrade; then
-        _err "Cron:Upgrade failed!"
+        _err "Cron: Upgrade failed!"
         return 1
       fi
     )
@@ -6737,7 +6771,7 @@ cron() {
       __INTERACTIVE="1"
     fi
 
-    _info "Auto upgraded to: $VER"
+    _info "Automatically upgraded to: $VER"
   fi
   renewAll
   _ret="$?"
@@ -6759,12 +6793,12 @@ _send_notify() {
   _nerror="$4"
 
   if [ "$NOTIFY_LEVEL" = "$NOTIFY_LEVEL_DISABLE" ]; then
-    _debug "The NOTIFY_LEVEL is $NOTIFY_LEVEL, disabled, just return."
+    _debug "The NOTIFY_LEVEL is $NOTIFY_LEVEL, which means it's disabled, so will just return."
     return 0
   fi
 
   if [ -z "$_nhooks" ]; then
-    _debug "The NOTIFY_HOOK is empty, just return."
+    _debug "The NOTIFY_HOOK is empty, will just return."
     return 0
   fi
 
@@ -6781,29 +6815,29 @@ _send_notify() {
     _info "Sending via: $_n_hook"
     _debug "Found $_n_hook_file for $_n_hook"
     if [ -z "$_n_hook_file" ]; then
-      _err "Can not find the hook file for $_n_hook"
+      _err "Cannot find the hook file for $_n_hook"
       continue
     fi
     if ! (
       if ! . "$_n_hook_file"; then
-        _err "Load file $_n_hook_file error. Please check your api file and try again."
+        _err "Error loading file $_n_hook_file. Please check your API file and try again."
         return 1
       fi
 
       d_command="${_n_hook}_send"
       if ! _exists "$d_command"; then
-        _err "It seems that your api file is not correct, it must have a function named: $d_command"
+        _err "It seems that your API file is not correct. Make sure it has a function named: $d_command"
         return 1
       fi
 
       if ! $d_command "$_nsubject" "$_ncontent" "$_nerror"; then
-        _err "Error send message by $d_command"
+        _err "Error sending message using $d_command"
         return 1
       fi
 
       return 0
     ); then
-      _err "Set $_n_hook_file error."
+      _err "Error setting $_n_hook_file."
       _send_err=1
     else
       _info "$_n_hook $(__green Success)"
@@ -6860,7 +6894,7 @@ setnotify() {
   if [ "$_nhook" ]; then
     _info "Set notify hook to: $_nhook"
     if [ "$_nhook" = "$NO_VALUE" ]; then
-      _info "Clear notify hook"
+      _info "Clearing notify hook"
       _clearaccountconf "NOTIFY_HOOK"
     else
       if _set_notify_hook "$_nhook"; then
@@ -6868,7 +6902,7 @@ setnotify() {
         _saveaccountconf "NOTIFY_HOOK" "$NOTIFY_HOOK"
         return 0
       else
-        _err "Can not set notify hook to: $_nhook"
+        _err "Cannot set notify hook to: $_nhook"
         return 1
       fi
     fi
@@ -6888,7 +6922,7 @@ Commands:
   --upgrade                Upgrade $PROJECT_NAME to the latest code from $PROJECT.
   --issue                  Issue a cert.
   --deploy                 Deploy the cert to your server.
-  -i, --install-cert       Install the issued cert to apache/nginx or any other server.
+  -i, --install-cert       Install the issued cert to Apache/nginx or any other server.
   -r, --renew              Renew a cert.
   --renew-all              Renew all the certs.
   --revoke                 Revoke a cert.
@@ -6944,7 +6978,7 @@ Parameters:
   --stateless                       Use stateless mode.
                                       See: $_STATELESS_WIKI
 
-  --apache                          Use apache mode.
+  --apache                          Use Apache mode.
   --dns [dns_hook]                  Use dns manual mode or dns api. Defaults to manual mode when argument is omitted.
                                       See: $_DNS_API_WIKI
 
@@ -6959,7 +6993,7 @@ Parameters:
   --eab-hmac-key <eab_hmac_key>     HMAC key for External Account Binding.
 
 
-  These parameters are to install the cert to nginx/apache or any other server after issue/renew a cert:
+  These parameters are to install the cert to nginx/Apache or any other server after issue/renew a cert:
 
   --cert-file <file>                Path to copy the cert file to after issue/renew.
   --key-file <file>                 Path to copy the key file to after issue/renew.
@@ -6998,6 +7032,7 @@ Parameters:
   --post-hook <command>             Command to be run after attempting to obtain/renew certificates. Runs regardless of whether obtain/renew succeeded or failed.
   --renew-hook <command>            Command to be run after each successfully renewed certificate.
   --deploy-hook <hookname>          The hook file to deploy cert
+  --extended-key-usage <string>     Manually define the CSR extended key usage value. The default is serverAuth,clientAuth.
   --ocsp, --ocsp-must-staple        Generate OCSP-Must-Staple extension.
   --always-force-new-domain-key     Generate new domain key on renewal. Otherwise, the domain key is not changed by default.
   --auto-upgrade [0|1]              Valid for '--upgrade' command, indicating whether to upgrade automatically in future. Defaults to 1 if argument is omitted.
@@ -7066,8 +7101,8 @@ installOnline() {
 _getRepoHash() {
   _hash_path=$1
   shift
-  _hash_url="https://api.github.com/repos/acmesh-official/$PROJECT_NAME/git/refs/$_hash_path"
-  _get $_hash_url | tr -d "\r\n" | tr '{},' '\n\n\n' | grep '"sha":' | cut -d '"' -f 4
+  _hash_url="${PROJECT_API:-https://api.github.com/repos/acmesh-official}/$PROJECT_NAME/git/refs/$_hash_path"
+  _get "$_hash_url" "" 30 | tr -d "\r\n" | tr '{},' '\n\n\n' | grep '"sha":' | cut -d '"' -f 4
 }
 
 _getUpgradeHash() {
@@ -7083,12 +7118,12 @@ _getUpgradeHash() {
 upgrade() {
   if (
     _initpath
-    [ -z "$FORCE" ] && [ "$(_getUpgradeHash)" = "$(_readaccountconf "UPGRADE_HASH")" ] && _info "Already uptodate!" && exit 0
+    [ -z "$FORCE" ] && [ "$(_getUpgradeHash)" = "$(_readaccountconf "UPGRADE_HASH")" ] && _info "Already up to date!" && exit 0
     export LE_WORKING_DIR
     cd "$LE_WORKING_DIR"
     installOnline "--nocron" "--noprofile"
   ); then
-    _info "Upgrade success!"
+    _info "Upgrade successful!"
     exit 0
   else
     _err "Upgrade failed!"
@@ -7124,7 +7159,7 @@ _processAccountConf() {
 }
 
 _checkSudo() {
-  if [ -z "__INTERACTIVE" ]; then
+  if [ -z "$__INTERACTIVE" ]; then
     #don't check if it's not in an interactive shell
     return 0
   fi
@@ -7204,7 +7239,7 @@ _getCAShortName() {
 #set default ca to $ACME_DIRECTORY
 setdefaultca() {
   if [ -z "$ACME_DIRECTORY" ]; then
-    _err "Please give a --server parameter."
+    _err "Please provide a --server parameter."
     return 1
   fi
   _saveaccountconf "DEFAULT_ACME_SERVER" "$ACME_DIRECTORY"
@@ -7216,7 +7251,7 @@ setdefaultchain() {
   _initpath
   _preferred_chain="$1"
   if [ -z "$_preferred_chain" ]; then
-    _err "Please give a '--preferred-chain value' value."
+    _err "Please provide a value for '--preferred-chain'."
     return 1
   fi
   mkdir -p "$CA_DIR"
@@ -7414,7 +7449,7 @@ _process() {
           return 1
         fi
         if _is_idn "$_dvalue" && ! _exists idn; then
-          _err "It seems that $_dvalue is an IDN( Internationalized Domain Names), please install 'idn' command first."
+          _err "It seems that $_dvalue is an IDN (Internationalized Domain Names), please install the 'idn' command first."
           return 1
         fi
 
@@ -7689,6 +7724,10 @@ _process() {
       _deploy_hook="$_deploy_hook$2,"
       shift
       ;;
+    --extended-key-usage)
+      Le_ExtKeyUse="$2"
+      shift
+      ;;
     --ocsp-must-staple | --ocsp)
       Le_OCSP_Staple="1"
       ;;
@@ -7776,7 +7815,7 @@ _process() {
     --notify-level)
       _nlevel="$2"
       if _startswith "$_nlevel" "-"; then
-        _err "'$_nlevel' is not a integer for '$1'"
+        _err "'$_nlevel' is not an integer for '$1'"
         return 1
       fi
       _notify_level="$_nlevel"
@@ -7785,7 +7824,7 @@ _process() {
     --notify-mode)
       _nmode="$2"
       if _startswith "$_nmode" "-"; then
-        _err "'$_nmode' is not a integer for '$1'"
+        _err "'$_nmode' is not an integer for '$1'"
         return 1
       fi
       _notify_mode="$_nmode"
@@ -7794,7 +7833,7 @@ _process() {
     --notify-source)
       _nsource="$2"
       if _startswith "$_nsource" "-"; then
-        _err "'$_nsource' is not valid host name for '$1'"
+        _err "'$_nsource' is not a valid host name for '$1'"
         return 1
       fi
       _notify_source="$_nsource"
@@ -7803,7 +7842,7 @@ _process() {
     --revoke-reason)
       _revoke_reason="$2"
       if _startswith "$_revoke_reason" "-"; then
-        _err "'$_revoke_reason' is not a integer for '$1'"
+        _err "'$_revoke_reason' is not an integer for '$1'"
         return 1
       fi
       shift
@@ -7821,7 +7860,7 @@ _process() {
       shift
       ;;
     *)
-      _err "Unknown parameter : $1"
+      _err "Unknown parameter: $1"
       return 1
       ;;
     esac
@@ -7838,7 +7877,7 @@ _process() {
     if [ "$__INTERACTIVE" ] && ! _checkSudo; then
       if [ -z "$FORCE" ]; then
         #Use "echo" here, instead of _info. it's too early
-        echo "It seems that you are using sudo, please read this link first:"
+        echo "It seems that you are using sudo, please read this page first:"
         echo "$_SUDO_WIKI"
         return 1
       fi
@@ -7868,7 +7907,7 @@ _process() {
         fi
         SYS_LOG="$_syslog"
       else
-        _err "The 'logger' command is not found, can not enable syslog."
+        _err "The 'logger' command was not found, cannot enable syslog."
         _clearaccountconf "SYS_LOG"
         SYS_LOG=""
       fi
@@ -7995,7 +8034,7 @@ _process() {
           _saveaccountconf "SYS_LOG" "$_syslog"
         fi
       else
-        _err "The 'logger' command is not found, can not enable syslog."
+        _err "The 'logger' command was not found, cannot enable syslog."
         _clearaccountconf "SYS_LOG"
         SYS_LOG=""
       fi
diff --git a/deploy/ali_cdn.sh b/deploy/ali_cdn.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..70a2e532
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deploy/ali_cdn.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034,SC2154
+
+# Script to create certificate to Alibaba Cloud CDN
+#
+# Docs: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/deployhooks#33-deploy-your-certificate-to-cdn-or-dcdn-of-alibaba-cloud-aliyun
+#
+# This deployment required following variables
+# export Ali_Key="ALIACCESSKEY"
+# export Ali_Secret="ALISECRETKEY"
+# The credentials are shared with all the Alibaba Cloud deploy hooks and dnsapi
+#
+# To specify the CDN domain that is different from the certificate CN, usually used for multi-domain or wildcard certificates
+# export DEPLOY_ALI_CDN_DOMAIN="cdn.example.com"
+# If you have multiple CDN domains using the same certificate, just
+# export DEPLOY_ALI_CDN_DOMAIN="cdn1.example.com cdn2.example.com"
+#
+# For DCDN, see ali_dcdn deploy hook
+
+Ali_CDN_API="https://cdn.aliyuncs.com/"
+
+ali_cdn_deploy() {
+  _cdomain="$1"
+  _ckey="$2"
+  _ccert="$3"
+  _cca="$4"
+  _cfullchain="$5"
+
+  _debug _cdomain "$_cdomain"
+  _debug _ckey "$_ckey"
+  _debug _ccert "$_ccert"
+  _debug _cca "$_cca"
+  _debug _cfullchain "$_cfullchain"
+
+  # Load dnsapi/dns_ali.sh to reduce the duplicated codes
+  # https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/pull/5205#issuecomment-2357867276
+  dnsapi_ali="$(_findHook "$_cdomain" "$_SUB_FOLDER_DNSAPI" dns_ali)"
+  # shellcheck source=/dev/null
+  if ! . "$dnsapi_ali"; then
+    _err "Error loading file $dnsapi_ali. Please check your API file and try again."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _prepare_ali_credentials || return 1
+
+  _getdeployconf DEPLOY_ALI_CDN_DOMAIN
+  if [ "$DEPLOY_ALI_CDN_DOMAIN" ]; then
+    _savedeployconf DEPLOY_ALI_CDN_DOMAIN "$DEPLOY_ALI_CDN_DOMAIN"
+  else
+    DEPLOY_ALI_CDN_DOMAIN="$_cdomain"
+  fi
+
+  # read cert and key files and urlencode both
+  _cert=$(_url_encode upper-hex <"$_cfullchain")
+  _key=$(_url_encode upper-hex <"$_ckey")
+
+  _debug2 _cert "$_cert"
+  _debug2 _key "$_key"
+
+  ## update domain ssl config
+  for domain in $DEPLOY_ALI_CDN_DOMAIN; do
+    _set_cdn_domain_ssl_certificate_query "$domain" "$_cert" "$_key"
+    if _ali_rest "Set CDN domain SSL certificate for $domain" "" POST; then
+      _info "Domain $domain certificate has been deployed successfully"
+    fi
+  done
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+# domain pub pri
+_set_cdn_domain_ssl_certificate_query() {
+  endpoint=$Ali_CDN_API
+  query=''
+  query=$query'AccessKeyId='$Ali_Key
+  query=$query'&Action=SetCdnDomainSSLCertificate'
+  query=$query'&CertType=upload'
+  query=$query'&DomainName='$1
+  query=$query'&Format=json'
+  query=$query'&SSLPri='$3
+  query=$query'&SSLProtocol=on'
+  query=$query'&SSLPub='$2
+  query=$query'&SignatureMethod=HMAC-SHA1'
+  query=$query"&SignatureNonce=$(_ali_nonce)"
+  query=$query'&SignatureVersion=1.0'
+  query=$query'&Timestamp='$(_timestamp)
+  query=$query'&Version=2018-05-10'
+}
diff --git a/deploy/ali_dcdn.sh b/deploy/ali_dcdn.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..14ac500a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deploy/ali_dcdn.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034,SC2154
+
+# Script to create certificate to Alibaba Cloud DCDN
+#
+# Docs: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/deployhooks#33-deploy-your-certificate-to-cdn-or-dcdn-of-alibaba-cloud-aliyun
+#
+# This deployment required following variables
+# export Ali_Key="ALIACCESSKEY"
+# export Ali_Secret="ALISECRETKEY"
+# The credentials are shared with all the Alibaba Cloud deploy hooks and dnsapi
+#
+# To specify the DCDN domain that is different from the certificate CN, usually used for multi-domain or wildcard certificates
+# export DEPLOY_ALI_DCDN_DOMAIN="dcdn.example.com"
+# If you have multiple CDN domains using the same certificate, just
+# export DEPLOY_ALI_DCDN_DOMAIN="dcdn1.example.com dcdn2.example.com"
+#
+# For regular CDN, see ali_cdn deploy hook
+
+Ali_DCDN_API="https://dcdn.aliyuncs.com/"
+
+ali_dcdn_deploy() {
+  _cdomain="$1"
+  _ckey="$2"
+  _ccert="$3"
+  _cca="$4"
+  _cfullchain="$5"
+
+  _debug _cdomain "$_cdomain"
+  _debug _ckey "$_ckey"
+  _debug _ccert "$_ccert"
+  _debug _cca "$_cca"
+  _debug _cfullchain "$_cfullchain"
+
+  # Load dnsapi/dns_ali.sh to reduce the duplicated codes
+  # https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/pull/5205#issuecomment-2357867276
+  dnsapi_ali="$(_findHook "$_cdomain" "$_SUB_FOLDER_DNSAPI" dns_ali)"
+  # shellcheck source=/dev/null
+  if ! . "$dnsapi_ali"; then
+    _err "Error loading file $dnsapi_ali. Please check your API file and try again."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _prepare_ali_credentials || return 1
+
+  _getdeployconf DEPLOY_ALI_DCDN_DOMAIN
+  if [ "$DEPLOY_ALI_DCDN_DOMAIN" ]; then
+    _savedeployconf DEPLOY_ALI_DCDN_DOMAIN "$DEPLOY_ALI_DCDN_DOMAIN"
+  else
+    DEPLOY_ALI_DCDN_DOMAIN="$_cdomain"
+  fi
+
+  # read cert and key files and urlencode both
+  _cert=$(_url_encode upper-hex <"$_cfullchain")
+  _key=$(_url_encode upper-hex <"$_ckey")
+
+  _debug2 _cert "$_cert"
+  _debug2 _key "$_key"
+
+  ## update domain ssl config
+  for domain in $DEPLOY_ALI_DCDN_DOMAIN; do
+    _set_dcdn_domain_ssl_certificate_query "$domain" "$_cert" "$_key"
+    if _ali_rest "Set DCDN domain SSL certificate for $domain" "" POST; then
+      _info "Domain $domain certificate has been deployed successfully"
+    fi
+  done
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+# domain pub pri
+_set_dcdn_domain_ssl_certificate_query() {
+  endpoint=$Ali_DCDN_API
+  query=''
+  query=$query'AccessKeyId='$Ali_Key
+  query=$query'&Action=SetDcdnDomainSSLCertificate'
+  query=$query'&CertType=upload'
+  query=$query'&DomainName='$1
+  query=$query'&Format=json'
+  query=$query'&SSLPri='$3
+  query=$query'&SSLProtocol=on'
+  query=$query'&SSLPub='$2
+  query=$query'&SignatureMethod=HMAC-SHA1'
+  query=$query"&SignatureNonce=$(_ali_nonce)"
+  query=$query'&SignatureVersion=1.0'
+  query=$query'&Timestamp='$(_timestamp)
+  query=$query'&Version=2018-01-15'
+}
diff --git a/deploy/exim4.sh b/deploy/exim4.sh
index 260b8798..cf664d79 100644
--- a/deploy/exim4.sh
+++ b/deploy/exim4.sh
@@ -109,6 +109,5 @@ exim4_deploy() {
     fi
     return 1
   fi
-  return 0
 
 }
diff --git a/deploy/routeros.sh b/deploy/routeros.sh
index d1779b8d..90f0ad1a 100644
--- a/deploy/routeros.sh
+++ b/deploy/routeros.sh
@@ -137,7 +137,8 @@ routeros_deploy() {
     return $_err_code
   fi
 
-  DEPLOY_SCRIPT_CMD="/system script add name=\"LECertDeploy-$_cdomain\" owner=$ROUTER_OS_USERNAME \
+  DEPLOY_SCRIPT_CMD=":do {/system script remove \"LECertDeploy-$_cdomain\" } on-error={ }; \
+/system script add name=\"LECertDeploy-$_cdomain\" owner=$ROUTER_OS_USERNAME \
 comment=\"generated by routeros deploy script in acme.sh\" \
 source=\"/certificate remove [ find name=$_cdomain.cer_0 ];\
 \n/certificate remove [ find name=$_cdomain.cer_1 ];\
@@ -146,8 +147,8 @@ source=\"/certificate remove [ find name=$_cdomain.cer_0 ];\
 \n/certificate import file-name=$_cdomain.cer passphrase=\\\"\\\";\
 \n/certificate import file-name=$_cdomain.key passphrase=\\\"\\\";\
 \ndelay 1;\
-\n/file remove $_cdomain.cer;\
-\n/file remove $_cdomain.key;\
+\n:do {/file remove $_cdomain.cer; } on-error={ }\
+\n:do {/file remove $_cdomain.key; } on-error={ }\
 \ndelay 2;\
 \n/ip service set www-ssl certificate=$_cdomain.cer_0;\
 \n$ROUTER_OS_ADDITIONAL_SERVICES;\
diff --git a/deploy/synology_dsm.sh b/deploy/synology_dsm.sh
index 55898a6f..0d01e199 100644
--- a/deploy/synology_dsm.sh
+++ b/deploy/synology_dsm.sh
@@ -8,25 +8,38 @@
 # Updated: 2023-07-03
 # Issues:  https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2727
 ################################################################################
-# Usage:
-# - Create temp admin user automatically:
+# Usage (shown values are the examples):
+# 1. Set required environment variables:
+# - use automatically created temp admin user to authenticate
 #   export SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN=1
-# - Or provide your own admin user credential:
-#   1. export SYNO_Username="adminUser"
-#   2. export SYNO_Password="adminPassword"
-# Optional exports (shown values are the defaults):
-# - export SYNO_Certificate="" - to replace a specific certificate via description
-# - export SYNO_Scheme="http"
-# - export SYNO_Hostname="localhost"
-# - export SYNO_Port="5000"
-# - export SYNO_Create=1   - to allow creating the certificate if it doesn't exist
-# - export SYNO_Device_Name="CertRenewal" - required if 2FA-OTP enabled
-# - export SYNO_Device_ID=""              - required for skipping 2FA-OTP
-# 3. acme.sh --deploy --deploy-hook synology_dsm -d example.com
+# - or provide your own admin user credential to authenticate
+#   1. export SYNO_USERNAME="adminUser"
+#   2. export SYNO_PASSWORD="adminPassword"
+# 2. Set optional environment variables
+# - common optional variables
+#   - export SYNO_SCHEME="http"         - defaults to "http"
+#   - export SYNO_HOSTNAME="localhost"  - defaults to "localhost"
+#   - export SYNO_PORT="5000"           - defaults to "5000"
+#   - export SYNO_CREATE=1 - to allow creating the cert if it doesn't exist
+#   - export SYNO_CERTIFICATE="" - to replace a specific cert by its
+#                                    description
+# - temp admin optional variables
+#   - export SYNO_LOCAL_HOSTNAME=1   - if set to 1, force to treat hostname is
+#                                      targeting current local machine (since
+#                                      this method only locally supported)
+# - exsiting admin 2FA-OTP optional variables
+#   - export SYNO_OTP_CODE="XXXXXX" - if set, script won't require to
+#                                     interactive input the OTP code
+#   - export SYNO_DEVICE_NAME="CertRenewal" - if set, script won't require to
+#                                             interactive input the device name
+#   - export SYNO_DEVICE_ID=""      - (deprecated, auth with OTP code instead)
+#                                     required for omitting 2FA-OTP
+# 3. Run command:
+# acme.sh --deploy --deploy-hook synology_dsm -d example.com
 ################################################################################
 # Dependencies:
-# - jq & curl
-# - synouser & synogroup (When available and SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN is set)
+# - curl
+# - synouser & synogroup & synosetkeyvalue (Required for SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN=1)
 ################################################################################
 # Return value:
 # 0 means success, otherwise error.
@@ -42,74 +55,89 @@ synology_dsm_deploy() {
 
   _debug _cdomain "$_cdomain"
 
-  # Get username & password, but don't save until we authenticated successfully
+  # Get username and password, but don't save until we authenticated successfully
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Username SYNO_USERNAME
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Password SYNO_PASSWORD
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Device_ID SYNO_DEVICE_ID
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Device_Name SYNO_DEVICE_NAME
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_USERNAME
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_PASSWORD
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_DEVICE_ID
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_DEVICE_NAME
+
+  # Prepare to use temp admin if SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN is set
   _getdeployconf SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Username
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Password
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Create
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_DID
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_TOTP_SECRET
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Device_Name
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Device_ID
-
-  # Prepare temp admin user info if SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN is set
-  if [ -n "${SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN:-}" ]; then
-    if ! _exists synouser; then
-      if ! _exists synogroup; then
-        _err "Tools are missing for creating temp admin user, please set SYNO_Username & SYNO_Password instead."
-        return 1
-      fi
+  _check2cleardeployconfexp SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN
+  _debug2 SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN"
+
+  if [ -n "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" ]; then
+    if ! _exists synouser || ! _exists synogroup || ! _exists synosetkeyvalue; then
+      _err "Missing required tools to creat temp admin user, please set SYNO_USERNAME and SYNO_PASSWORD instead."
+      _err "Notice: temp admin user authorization method only supports local deployment on DSM."
+      return 1
+    fi
+    if synouser --help 2>&1 | grep -q 'Permission denied'; then
+      _err "For creating temp admin user, the deploy script must be run as root."
+      return 1
     fi
+
+    [ -n "$SYNO_USERNAME" ] || _savedeployconf SYNO_USERNAME ""
+    [ -n "$SYNO_PASSWORD" ] || _savedeployconf SYNO_PASSWORD ""
+
     _debug "Setting temp admin user credential..."
-    SYNO_Username=sc-acmesh-tmp
-    SYNO_Password=$(head /dev/urandom | tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c 16)
-    # Ignore 2FA-OTP settings which won't be needed.
-    SYNO_Device_Name=
-    SYNO_Device_ID=
+    SYNO_USERNAME=sc-acmesh-tmp
+    SYNO_PASSWORD=$(head /dev/urandom | tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c 16)
+    # Set 2FA-OTP settings to empty consider they won't be needed.
+    SYNO_DEVICE_ID=
+    SYNO_DEVICE_NAME=
+    SYNO_OTP_CODE=
+  else
+    _debug2 SYNO_USERNAME "$SYNO_USERNAME"
+    _secure_debug2 SYNO_PASSWORD "$SYNO_PASSWORD"
+    _debug2 SYNO_DEVICE_NAME "$SYNO_DEVICE_NAME"
+    _secure_debug2 SYNO_DEVICE_ID "$SYNO_DEVICE_ID"
   fi
 
-  if [ -z "${SYNO_Username:-}" ] || [ -z "${SYNO_Password:-}" ]; then
-    _err "You must set either SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN, or set both SYNO_Username and SYNO_Password."
+  if [ -z "$SYNO_USERNAME" ] || [ -z "$SYNO_PASSWORD" ]; then
+    _err "You must set either SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN, or set both SYNO_USERNAME and SYNO_PASSWORD."
     return 1
   fi
-  _debug2 SYNO_Username "$SYNO_Username"
-  _secure_debug2 SYNO_Password "$SYNO_Password"
-  _debug2 SYNO_Create "$SYNO_Create"
-  _debug2 SYNO_Device_Name "$SYNO_Device_Name"
-  _secure_debug2 SYNO_Device_ID "$SYNO_Device_ID"
-
-  # Optional scheme, hostname & port for Synology DSM
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Scheme
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Hostname
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Port
-
-  # Default values for scheme, hostname & port
-  # Defaulting to localhost & http, because it's localhost…
-  [ -n "${SYNO_Scheme}" ] || SYNO_Scheme="http"
-  [ -n "${SYNO_Hostname}" ] || SYNO_Hostname="localhost"
-  [ -n "${SYNO_Port}" ] || SYNO_Port="5000"
-  _savedeployconf SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN"
-  _savedeployconf SYNO_Scheme "$SYNO_Scheme"
-  _savedeployconf SYNO_Hostname "$SYNO_Hostname"
-  _savedeployconf SYNO_Port "$SYNO_Port"
-  _debug2 SYNO_Scheme "$SYNO_Scheme"
-  _debug2 SYNO_Hostname "$SYNO_Hostname"
-  _debug2 SYNO_Port "$SYNO_Port"
+
+  # Optional scheme, hostname and port for Synology DSM
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Scheme SYNO_SCHEME
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Hostname SYNO_HOSTNAME
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Port SYNO_PORT
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_SCHEME
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_HOSTNAME
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_PORT
+
+  # Default values for scheme, hostname and port
+  # Defaulting to localhost and http, because it's localhost…
+  [ -n "$SYNO_SCHEME" ] || SYNO_SCHEME=http
+  [ -n "$SYNO_HOSTNAME" ] || SYNO_HOSTNAME=localhost
+  [ -n "$SYNO_PORT" ] || SYNO_PORT=5000
+  _savedeployconf SYNO_SCHEME "$SYNO_SCHEME"
+  _savedeployconf SYNO_HOSTNAME "$SYNO_HOSTNAME"
+  _savedeployconf SYNO_PORT "$SYNO_PORT"
+  _debug2 SYNO_SCHEME "$SYNO_SCHEME"
+  _debug2 SYNO_HOSTNAME "$SYNO_HOSTNAME"
+  _debug2 SYNO_PORT "$SYNO_PORT"
 
   # Get the certificate description, but don't save it until we verify it's real
-  _getdeployconf SYNO_Certificate
-  _debug SYNO_Certificate "${SYNO_Certificate:-}"
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Certificate SYNO_CERTIFICATE "base64"
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_CERTIFICATE
+  _check2cleardeployconfexp SYNO_CERTIFICATE
+  _debug SYNO_CERTIFICATE "${SYNO_CERTIFICATE:-}"
 
   # shellcheck disable=SC1003 # We are not trying to escape a single quote
-  if printf "%s" "$SYNO_Certificate" | grep '\\'; then
+  if printf "%s" "$SYNO_CERTIFICATE" | grep '\\'; then
     _err "Do not use a backslash (\) in your certificate description"
     return 1
   fi
 
-  _base_url="$SYNO_Scheme://$SYNO_Hostname:$SYNO_Port"
+  _debug "Getting API version..."
+  _base_url="$SYNO_SCHEME://$SYNO_HOSTNAME:$SYNO_PORT"
   _debug _base_url "$_base_url"
-
-  _debug "Getting API version"
   response=$(_get "$_base_url/webapi/query.cgi?api=SYNO.API.Info&version=1&method=query&query=SYNO.API.Auth")
   api_path=$(echo "$response" | grep "SYNO.API.Auth" | sed -n 's/.*"path" *: *"\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p')
   api_version=$(echo "$response" | grep "SYNO.API.Auth" | sed -n 's/.*"maxVersion" *: *\([0-9]*\).*/\1/p')
@@ -117,13 +145,14 @@ synology_dsm_deploy() {
   _debug3 api_path "$api_path"
   _debug3 api_version "$api_version"
 
-  # Login, get the session ID & SynoToken from JSON
-  _info "Logging into $SYNO_Hostname:$SYNO_Port"
-  encoded_username="$(printf "%s" "$SYNO_Username" | _url_encode)"
-  encoded_password="$(printf "%s" "$SYNO_Password" | _url_encode)"
+  # Login, get the session ID and SynoToken from JSON
+  _info "Logging into $SYNO_HOSTNAME:$SYNO_PORT..."
+  encoded_username="$(printf "%s" "$SYNO_USERNAME" | _url_encode)"
+  encoded_password="$(printf "%s" "$SYNO_PASSWORD" | _url_encode)"
+
+  # ## START ## - DEPRECATED, for backward compatibility
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_TOTP_SECRET
 
-  otp_code=""
-  # START - DEPRECATED, only kept for legacy compatibility reasons
   if [ -n "$SYNO_TOTP_SECRET" ]; then
     _info "WARNING: Usage of SYNO_TOTP_SECRET is deprecated!"
     _info "         See synology_dsm.sh script or ACME.sh Wiki page for details:"
@@ -132,48 +161,141 @@ synology_dsm_deploy() {
       _err "oathtool could not be found, install oathtool to use SYNO_TOTP_SECRET"
       return 1
     fi
-    DEPRECATED_otp_code="$(oathtool --base32 --totp "${SYNO_TOTP_SECRET}" 2>/dev/null)"
+    DEPRECATED_otp_code="$(oathtool --base32 --totp "$SYNO_TOTP_SECRET" 2>/dev/null)"
 
-    if [ -n "$SYNO_DID" ]; then
-      _H1="Cookie: did=$SYNO_DID"
+    if [ -z "$SYNO_DEVICE_ID" ]; then
+      _getdeployconf SYNO_DID
+      [ -n "$SYNO_DID" ] || SYNO_DEVICE_ID="$SYNO_DID"
+    fi
+    if [ -n "$SYNO_DEVICE_ID" ]; then
+      _H1="Cookie: did=$SYNO_DEVICE_ID"
       export _H1
       _debug3 H1 "${_H1}"
     fi
 
-    response=$(_post "method=login&account=$encoded_username&passwd=$encoded_password&api=SYNO.API.Auth&version=$api_version&enable_syno_token=yes&otp_code=$DEPRECATED_otp_code&device_name=certrenewal&device_id=$SYNO_DID" "$_base_url/webapi/auth.cgi?enable_syno_token=yes")
+    response=$(_post "method=login&account=$encoded_username&passwd=$encoded_password&api=SYNO.API.Auth&version=$api_version&enable_syno_token=yes&otp_code=$DEPRECATED_otp_code&device_name=certrenewal&device_id=$SYNO_DEVICE_ID" "$_base_url/webapi/$api_path?enable_syno_token=yes")
     _debug3 response "$response"
-  # END - DEPRECATED, only kept for legacy compatibility reasons
-  # If SYNO_DeviceDevice_ID & SYNO_Device_Name both empty, just log in normally
-  elif [ -z "${SYNO_Device_ID:-}" ] && [ -z "${SYNO_Device_Name:-}" ]; then
-    if [ -n "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" ]; then
-      _debug "Creating temp admin user in Synology DSM"
-      synouser --del "$SYNO_Username" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
-      synouser --add "$SYNO_Username" "$SYNO_Password" "" 0 "" 0 >/dev/null
-      synogroup --memberadd administrators "$SYNO_Username" >/dev/null
-    fi
-    response=$(_get "$_base_url/webapi/entry.cgi?api=SYNO.API.Auth&version=$api_version&method=login&format=sid&account=$encoded_username&passwd=$encoded_password&enable_syno_token=yes")
-    _debug3 response "$response"
-  # Get device ID if still empty first, otherwise log in right away
-  # If SYNO_Device_Name is set, we treat that account enabled two-factor authorization, consider SYNO_Device_ID is not set, so it won't be able to login without requiring the OTP code.
-  elif [ -n "${SYNO_Device_Name:-}" ] && [ -z "${SYNO_Device_ID:-}" ]; then
-    printf "Enter OTP code for user '%s': " "$SYNO_Username"
-    read -r otp_code
-    response=$(_get "$_base_url/webapi/$api_path?api=SYNO.API.Auth&version=$api_version&method=login&format=sid&account=$encoded_username&passwd=$encoded_password&otp_code=$otp_code&enable_syno_token=yes&enable_device_token=yes&device_name=$SYNO_Device_Name")
-    _secure_debug3 response "$response"
-
-    id_property='device_id'
-    [ "${api_version}" -gt '6' ] || id_property='did'
-    SYNO_Device_ID=$(echo "$response" | grep "$id_property" | sed -n 's/.*"'$id_property'" *: *"\([^"]*\).*/\1/p')
-    _secure_debug2 SYNO_Device_ID "$SYNO_Device_ID"
-  # Otherwise, if SYNO_Device_ID is set, we can just use it to login.
+  # ## END ## - DEPRECATED, for backward compatibility
+  # If SYNO_DEVICE_ID or SYNO_OTP_CODE is set, we treat current account enabled 2FA-OTP.
+  # Notice that if SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN=1, both variables will be unset
   else
-    if [ -z "${SYNO_Device_Name:-}" ]; then
+    if [ -n "$SYNO_DEVICE_ID" ] || [ -n "$SYNO_OTP_CODE" ]; then
+      response='{"error":{"code":403}}'
+    # Assume the current account disabled 2FA-OTP, try to log in right away.
+    else
+      if [ -n "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" ]; then
+        _getdeployconf SYNO_LOCAL_HOSTNAME
+        _debug SYNO_LOCAL_HOSTNAME "${SYNO_LOCAL_HOSTNAME:-}"
+        if [ "$SYNO_LOCAL_HOSTNAME" != "1" ] && [ "$SYNO_LOCAL_HOSTNAME" == "$SYNO_HOSTNAME" ]; then
+          if [ "$SYNO_HOSTNAME" != "localhost" ] && [ "$SYNO_HOSTNAME" != "127.0.0.1" ]; then
+            _err "SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN=1 only support local deployment, though if you are sure that the hostname $SYNO_HOSTNAME is targeting to your **current local machine**, execute 'export SYNO_LOCAL_HOSTNAME=1' then rerun."
+            return 1
+          fi
+        fi
+        _debug "Creating temp admin user in Synology DSM..."
+        if synogroup --help | grep -q '\-\-memberadd '; then
+          _temp_admin_create "$SYNO_USERNAME" "$SYNO_PASSWORD"
+          synogroup --memberadd administrators "$SYNO_USERNAME" >/dev/null
+        elif synogroup --help | grep -q '\-\-member '; then
+          # For supporting DSM 6.x which only has `--member` parameter.
+          cur_admins=$(synogroup --get administrators | awk -F '[][]' '/Group Members/,0{if(NF>1)printf "%s ", $2}')
+          if [ -n "$cur_admins" ]; then
+            _temp_admin_create "$SYNO_USERNAME" "$SYNO_PASSWORD"
+            _secure_debug3 admin_users "$cur_admins$SYNO_USERNAME"
+            # shellcheck disable=SC2086
+            synogroup --member administrators $cur_admins $SYNO_USERNAME >/dev/null
+          else
+            _err "The tool synogroup may be broken, please set SYNO_USERNAME and SYNO_PASSWORD instead."
+            return 1
+          fi
+        else
+          _err "Unsupported synogroup tool detected, please set SYNO_USERNAME and SYNO_PASSWORD instead."
+          return 1
+        fi
+        # havig a workaround to temporary disable enforce 2FA-OTP, will restore
+        # it soon (after a single request), though if any accident occurs like
+        # unexpected interruption, this setting can be easily reverted manually.
+        otp_enforce_option=$(synogetkeyvalue /etc/synoinfo.conf otp_enforce_option)
+        if [ -n "$otp_enforce_option" ] && [ "${otp_enforce_option:-"none"}" != "none" ]; then
+          synosetkeyvalue /etc/synoinfo.conf otp_enforce_option none
+          _info "Enforcing 2FA-OTP has been disabled to complete temp admin authentication."
+          _info "Notice: it will be restored soon, if not, you can restore it manually via Control Panel."
+          _info "previous_otp_enforce_option" "$otp_enforce_option"
+        else
+          otp_enforce_option=""
+        fi
+      fi
+      response=$(_get "$_base_url/webapi/$api_path?api=SYNO.API.Auth&version=$api_version&method=login&format=sid&account=$encoded_username&passwd=$encoded_password&enable_syno_token=yes")
+      if [ -n "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" ] && [ -n "$otp_enforce_option" ]; then
+        synosetkeyvalue /etc/synoinfo.conf otp_enforce_option "$otp_enforce_option"
+        _info "Restored previous enforce 2FA-OTP option."
+      fi
+      _debug3 response "$response"
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  error_code=$(echo "$response" | grep '"error":' | grep -o '"code":[0-9]*' | grep -o '[0-9]*')
+  _debug2 error_code "$error_code"
+  # Account has 2FA-OTP enabled, since error 403 reported.
+  # https://global.download.synology.com/download/Document/Software/DeveloperGuide/Os/DSM/All/enu/DSM_Login_Web_API_Guide_enu.pdf
+  if [ "$error_code" == "403" ]; then
+    if [ -z "$SYNO_DEVICE_NAME" ]; then
       printf "Enter device name or leave empty for default (CertRenewal): "
-      read -r SYNO_Device_Name
-      [ -n "${SYNO_Device_Name}" ] || SYNO_Device_Name="CertRenewal"
+      read -r SYNO_DEVICE_NAME
+      [ -n "$SYNO_DEVICE_NAME" ] || SYNO_DEVICE_NAME="CertRenewal"
     fi
-    response=$(_get "$_base_url/webapi/$api_path?api=SYNO.API.Auth&version=$api_version&method=login&format=sid&account=$encoded_username&passwd=$encoded_password&enable_syno_token=yes&device_name=$SYNO_Device_Name&device_id=$SYNO_Device_ID")
-    _secure_debug3 response "$response"
+
+    if [ -n "$SYNO_DEVICE_ID" ]; then
+      # Omit OTP code with SYNO_DEVICE_ID.
+      response=$(_get "$_base_url/webapi/$api_path?api=SYNO.API.Auth&version=$api_version&method=login&format=sid&account=$encoded_username&passwd=$encoded_password&enable_syno_token=yes&device_name=$SYNO_DEVICE_NAME&device_id=$SYNO_DEVICE_ID")
+      _secure_debug3 response "$response"
+    else
+      # Require the OTP code if still unset.
+      if [ -z "$SYNO_OTP_CODE" ]; then
+        printf "Enter OTP code for user '%s': " "$SYNO_USERNAME"
+        read -r SYNO_OTP_CODE
+      fi
+      _secure_debug SYNO_OTP_CODE "${SYNO_OTP_CODE:-}"
+
+      if [ -z "$SYNO_OTP_CODE" ]; then
+        response='{"error":{"code":404}}'
+      else
+        response=$(_get "$_base_url/webapi/$api_path?api=SYNO.API.Auth&version=$api_version&method=login&format=sid&account=$encoded_username&passwd=$encoded_password&enable_syno_token=yes&enable_device_token=yes&device_name=$SYNO_DEVICE_NAME&otp_code=$SYNO_OTP_CODE")
+        _secure_debug3 response "$response"
+
+        id_property='device_id'
+        [ "${api_version}" -gt '6' ] || id_property='did'
+        SYNO_DEVICE_ID=$(echo "$response" | grep "$id_property" | sed -n 's/.*"'$id_property'" *: *"\([^"]*\).*/\1/p')
+        _secure_debug2 SYNO_DEVICE_ID "$SYNO_DEVICE_ID"
+      fi
+    fi
+    error_code=$(echo "$response" | grep '"error":' | grep -o '"code":[0-9]*' | grep -o '[0-9]*')
+    _debug2 error_code "$error_code"
+  fi
+
+  if [ -n "$error_code" ]; then
+    if [ "$error_code" == "403" ] && [ -n "$SYNO_DEVICE_ID" ]; then
+      _cleardeployconf SYNO_DEVICE_ID
+      _err "Failed to authenticate with SYNO_DEVICE_ID (may expired or invalid), please try again in a new terminal window."
+    elif [ "$error_code" == "404" ]; then
+      _err "Failed to authenticate with provided 2FA-OTP code, please try again in a new terminal window."
+    elif [ "$error_code" == "406" ]; then
+      if [ -n "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" ]; then
+        _err "Failed with unexcepted error, please report this by providing full log with '--debug 3'."
+      else
+        _err "Enforce auth with 2FA-OTP enabled, please configure the user to enable 2FA-OTP to continue."
+      fi
+    elif [ "$error_code" == "400" ]; then
+      _err "Failed to authenticate, no such account or incorrect password."
+    elif [ "$error_code" == "401" ]; then
+      _err "Failed to authenticate with a non-existent account."
+    elif [ "$error_code" == "408" ] || [ "$error_code" == "409" ] || [ "$error_code" == "410" ]; then
+      _err "Failed to authenticate, the account password has expired or must be changed."
+    else
+      _err "Failed to authenticate with error: $error_code."
+    fi
+    _temp_admin_cleanup "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_USERNAME"
+    return 1
   fi
 
   sid=$(echo "$response" | grep "sid" | sed -n 's/.*"sid" *: *"\([^"]*\).*/\1/p')
@@ -181,11 +303,9 @@ synology_dsm_deploy() {
   _debug "Session ID" "$sid"
   _debug SynoToken "$token"
   if [ -z "$sid" ] || [ -z "$token" ]; then
-    _err "Unable to authenticate to $_base_url - check your username & password."
-    _err "If two-factor authentication is enabled for the user:"
-    _err "- set SYNO_Device_Name then input *correct* OTP-code manually"
-    _err "- get & set SYNO_Device_ID via your browser cookies"
-    _remove_temp_admin "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_Username"
+    # Still can't get necessary info even got no errors, may Synology have API updated?
+    _err "Unable to authenticate to $_base_url, you may report this by providing full log with '--debug 3'."
+    _temp_admin_cleanup "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_USERNAME"
     return 1
   fi
 
@@ -193,39 +313,62 @@ synology_dsm_deploy() {
   export _H1
   _debug2 H1 "${_H1}"
 
-  # Now that we know the username & password are good, save them
-  _savedeployconf SYNO_Username "$SYNO_Username"
-  _savedeployconf SYNO_Password "$SYNO_Password"
-  if [ -z "${SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN:-}" ]; then
-    _savedeployconf SYNO_Device_Name "$SYNO_Device_Name"
-    _savedeployconf SYNO_Device_ID "$SYNO_Device_ID"
+  # Now that we know the username and password are good, save them if not in temp admin mode.
+  if [ -n "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" ]; then
+    _cleardeployconf SYNO_USERNAME
+    _cleardeployconf SYNO_PASSWORD
+    _cleardeployconf SYNO_DEVICE_ID
+    _cleardeployconf SYNO_DEVICE_NAME
+    _savedeployconf SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN"
+    _savedeployconf SYNO_LOCAL_HOSTNAME "$SYNO_HOSTNAME"
+  else
+    _savedeployconf SYNO_USERNAME "$SYNO_USERNAME"
+    _savedeployconf SYNO_PASSWORD "$SYNO_PASSWORD"
+    _savedeployconf SYNO_DEVICE_ID "$SYNO_DEVICE_ID"
+    _savedeployconf SYNO_DEVICE_NAME "$SYNO_DEVICE_NAME"
   fi
 
-  _info "Getting certificates in Synology DSM"
+  _info "Getting certificates in Synology DSM..."
   response=$(_post "api=SYNO.Core.Certificate.CRT&method=list&version=1&_sid=$sid" "$_base_url/webapi/entry.cgi")
   _debug3 response "$response"
-  escaped_certificate="$(printf "%s" "$SYNO_Certificate" | sed 's/\([].*^$[]\)/\\\1/g;s/"/\\\\"/g')"
+  escaped_certificate="$(printf "%s" "$SYNO_CERTIFICATE" | sed 's/\([].*^$[]\)/\\\1/g;s/"/\\\\"/g')"
   _debug escaped_certificate "$escaped_certificate"
   id=$(echo "$response" | sed -n "s/.*\"desc\":\"$escaped_certificate\",\"id\":\"\([^\"]*\).*/\1/p")
   _debug2 id "$id"
 
-  if [ -z "$id" ] && [ -z "${SYNO_Create:-}" ]; then
-    _err "Unable to find certificate: $SYNO_Certificate & \$SYNO_Create is not set"
-    _remove_temp_admin "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_Username"
+  error_code=$(echo "$response" | grep '"error":' | grep -o '"code":[0-9]*' | grep -o '[0-9]*')
+  _debug2 error_code "$error_code"
+  if [ -n "$error_code" ]; then
+    if [ "$error_code" -eq 105 ]; then
+      _err "Current user is not administrator and does not have sufficient permission for deploying."
+    else
+      _err "Failed to fetch certificate info: $error_code, please try again or contact Synology to learn more."
+    fi
+    _temp_admin_cleanup "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_USERNAME"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _migratedeployconf SYNO_Create SYNO_CREATE
+  _getdeployconf SYNO_CREATE
+  _debug2 SYNO_CREATE "$SYNO_CREATE"
+
+  if [ -z "$id" ] && [ -z "$SYNO_CREATE" ]; then
+    _err "Unable to find certificate: $SYNO_CERTIFICATE and $SYNO_CREATE is not set."
+    _temp_admin_cleanup "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_USERNAME"
     return 1
   fi
 
   # We've verified this certificate description is a thing, so save it
-  _savedeployconf SYNO_Certificate "$SYNO_Certificate" "base64"
+  _savedeployconf SYNO_CERTIFICATE "$SYNO_CERTIFICATE" "base64"
 
-  _info "Generate form POST request"
+  _info "Generating form POST request..."
   nl="\0015\0012"
   delim="--------------------------$(_utc_date | tr -d -- '-: ')"
   content="--$delim${nl}Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"key\"; filename=\"$(basename "$_ckey")\"${nl}Content-Type: application/octet-stream${nl}${nl}$(cat "$_ckey")\0012"
   content="$content${nl}--$delim${nl}Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"cert\"; filename=\"$(basename "$_ccert")\"${nl}Content-Type: application/octet-stream${nl}${nl}$(cat "$_ccert")\0012"
   content="$content${nl}--$delim${nl}Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"inter_cert\"; filename=\"$(basename "$_cca")\"${nl}Content-Type: application/octet-stream${nl}${nl}$(cat "$_cca")\0012"
   content="$content${nl}--$delim${nl}Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"id\"${nl}${nl}$id"
-  content="$content${nl}--$delim${nl}Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"desc\"${nl}${nl}${SYNO_Certificate}"
+  content="$content${nl}--$delim${nl}Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"desc\"${nl}${nl}${SYNO_CERTIFICATE}"
   if echo "$response" | sed -n "s/.*\"desc\":\"$escaped_certificate\",\([^{]*\).*/\1/p" | grep -- 'is_default":true' >/dev/null; then
     _debug2 default "This is the default certificate"
     content="$content${nl}--$delim${nl}Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"as_default\"${nl}${nl}true"
@@ -236,22 +379,22 @@ synology_dsm_deploy() {
   content="$(printf "%b_" "$content")"
   content="${content%_}" # protect trailing \n
 
-  _info "Upload certificate to the Synology DSM"
+  _info "Upload certificate to the Synology DSM."
   response=$(_post "$content" "$_base_url/webapi/entry.cgi?api=SYNO.Core.Certificate&method=import&version=1&SynoToken=$token&_sid=$sid" "" "POST" "multipart/form-data; boundary=${delim}")
   _debug3 response "$response"
 
   if ! echo "$response" | grep '"error":' >/dev/null; then
     if echo "$response" | grep '"restart_httpd":true' >/dev/null; then
-      _info "Restarting HTTP services succeeded"
+      _info "Restart HTTP services succeeded."
     else
-      _info "Restarting HTTP services failed"
+      _info "Restart HTTP services failed."
     fi
-    _remove_temp_admin "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_Username"
+    _temp_admin_cleanup "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_USERNAME"
     _logout
     return 0
   else
-    _remove_temp_admin "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_Username"
-    _err "Unable to update certificate, error code $response"
+    _temp_admin_cleanup "$SYNO_USE_TEMP_ADMIN" "$SYNO_USERNAME"
+    _err "Unable to update certificate, got error response: $response."
     _logout
     return 1
   fi
@@ -264,12 +407,39 @@ _logout() {
   _debug3 response "$response"
 }
 
-_remove_temp_admin() {
-  flag=$1
-  username=$2
+_temp_admin_create() {
+  _username="$1"
+  _password="$2"
+  synouser --del "$_username" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
+  synouser --add "$_username" "$_password" "" 0 "scruelt@hotmail.com" 0 >/dev/null
+}
+
+_temp_admin_cleanup() {
+  _flag=$1
+  _username=$2
+
+  if [ -n "${_flag}" ]; then
+    _debug "Cleanuping temp admin info..."
+    synouser --del "$_username" >/dev/null
+  fi
+}
+
+#_cleardeployconf   key
+_cleardeployconf() {
+  _cleardomainconf "SAVED_$1"
+}
 
-  if [ -n "${flag}" ]; then
-    _debug "Removing temp admin user in Synology DSM"
-    synouser --del "$username" >/dev/null
+# key
+_check2cleardeployconfexp() {
+  _key="$1"
+  _clear_key="CLEAR_$_key"
+  # Clear saved settings if explicitly requested
+  if [ -n "$(eval echo \$"$_clear_key")" ]; then
+    _debug2 "$_key: value cleared from config, exported value will be ignored."
+    _cleardeployconf "$_key"
+    eval "$_key"=
+    export "$_key"=
+    eval SAVED_"$_key"=
+    export SAVED_"$_key"=
   fi
 }
diff --git a/deploy/unifi.sh b/deploy/unifi.sh
index a864135e..4d8c058e 100644
--- a/deploy/unifi.sh
+++ b/deploy/unifi.sh
@@ -5,6 +5,15 @@
 #   - self-hosted Unifi Controller
 #   - Unifi Cloud Key (Gen1/2/2+)
 #   - Unifi Cloud Key running UnifiOS (v2.0.0+, Gen2/2+ only)
+#   - Unifi Dream Machine
+#       This has not been tested on other "all-in-one" devices such as
+#       UDM Pro or Unifi Express.
+#
+#       OS Version v2.0.0+
+#       Network Application version 7.0.0+
+#       OS version ~3.1 removed java and keytool from the UnifiOS.
+#       Using PKCS12 format keystore appears to work fine.
+#
 # Please report bugs to https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3359
 
 #returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
@@ -74,14 +83,16 @@ unifi_deploy() {
   _reload_cmd=""
 
   # Unifi Controller environment (self hosted or any Cloud Key) --
-  # auto-detect by file /usr/lib/unifi/data/keystore:
+  # auto-detect by file /usr/lib/unifi/data/keystore
   _unifi_keystore="${DEPLOY_UNIFI_KEYSTORE:-/usr/lib/unifi/data/keystore}"
   if [ -f "$_unifi_keystore" ]; then
-    _info "Installing certificate for Unifi Controller (Java keystore)"
     _debug _unifi_keystore "$_unifi_keystore"
     if ! _exists keytool; then
-      _err "keytool not found"
-      return 1
+      _do_keytool=0
+      _info "Installing certificate for Unifi Controller (PKCS12 keystore)."
+    else
+      _do_keytool=1
+      _info "Installing certificate for Unifi Controller (Java keystore)"
     fi
     if [ ! -w "$_unifi_keystore" ]; then
       _err "The file $_unifi_keystore is not writable, please change the permission."
@@ -92,6 +103,7 @@ unifi_deploy() {
 
     _debug "Generate import pkcs12"
     _import_pkcs12="$(_mktemp)"
+    _debug "_toPkcs $_import_pkcs12 $_ckey $_ccert $_cca $_unifi_keypass unifi root"
     _toPkcs "$_import_pkcs12" "$_ckey" "$_ccert" "$_cca" "$_unifi_keypass" unifi root
     # shellcheck disable=SC2181
     if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
@@ -99,22 +111,57 @@ unifi_deploy() {
       return 1
     fi
 
-    _debug "Import into keystore: $_unifi_keystore"
-    if keytool -importkeystore \
-      -deststorepass "$_unifi_keypass" -destkeypass "$_unifi_keypass" -destkeystore "$_unifi_keystore" \
-      -srckeystore "$_import_pkcs12" -srcstoretype PKCS12 -srcstorepass "$_unifi_keypass" \
-      -alias unifi -noprompt; then
-      _debug "Import keystore success!"
-      rm "$_import_pkcs12"
+    # Save the existing keystore in case something goes wrong.
+    mv -f "${_unifi_keystore}" "${_unifi_keystore}"_original
+    _info "Previous keystore saved to ${_unifi_keystore}_original."
+
+    if [ "$_do_keytool" -eq 1 ]; then
+      _debug "Import into keystore: $_unifi_keystore"
+      if keytool -importkeystore \
+        -deststorepass "$_unifi_keypass" -destkeypass "$_unifi_keypass" -destkeystore "$_unifi_keystore" \
+        -srckeystore "$_import_pkcs12" -srcstoretype PKCS12 -srcstorepass "$_unifi_keypass" \
+        -alias unifi -noprompt; then
+        _debug "Import keystore success!"
+      else
+        _err "Error importing into Unifi Java keystore."
+        _err "Please re-run with --debug and report a bug."
+        _info "Restoring original keystore."
+        mv -f "${_unifi_keystore}"_original "${_unifi_keystore}"
+        rm "$_import_pkcs12"
+        return 1
+      fi
     else
-      _err "Error importing into Unifi Java keystore."
-      _err "Please re-run with --debug and report a bug."
-      rm "$_import_pkcs12"
-      return 1
+      _debug "Copying new keystore to $_unifi_keystore"
+      cp -f "$_import_pkcs12" "$_unifi_keystore"
+    fi
+
+    # Update unifi service for certificate cipher compatibility
+    if ${ACME_OPENSSL_BIN:-openssl} pkcs12 \
+      -in "$_import_pkcs12" \
+      -password pass:aircontrolenterprise \
+      -nokeys | ${ACME_OPENSSL_BIN:-openssl} x509 -text \
+      -noout | grep -i "signature" | grep -iq ecdsa >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+      cp -f /usr/lib/unifi/data/system.properties /usr/lib/unifi/data/system.properties_original
+      _info "Updating system configuration for cipher compatibility."
+      _info "Saved original system config to /usr/lib/unifi/data/system.properties_original"
+      sed -i '/unifi\.https\.ciphers/d' /usr/lib/unifi/data/system.properties
+      echo "unifi.https.ciphers=ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384,ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256" >>/usr/lib/unifi/data/system.properties
+      sed -i '/unifi\.https\.sslEnabledProtocols/d' /usr/lib/unifi/data/system.properties
+      echo "unifi.https.sslEnabledProtocols=TLSv1.3,TLSv1.2" >>/usr/lib/unifi/data/system.properties
+      _info "System configuration updated."
     fi
 
+    rm "$_import_pkcs12"
+
+    # Restarting unifi-core will bring up unifi, doing it out of order results in
+    # a certificate error, and breaks wifiman.
+    # Restart if we aren't doing unifi-core, otherwise stop for later restart.
     if systemctl -q is-active unifi; then
-      _reload_cmd="${_reload_cmd:+$_reload_cmd && }service unifi restart"
+      if [ ! -f "${DEPLOY_UNIFI_CORE_CONFIG:-/data/unifi-core/config}/unifi-core.key" ]; then
+        _reload_cmd="${_reload_cmd:+$_reload_cmd && }systemctl restart unifi"
+      else
+        _reload_cmd="${_reload_cmd:+$_reload_cmd && }systemctl stop unifi"
+      fi
     fi
     _services_updated="${_services_updated} unifi"
     _info "Install Unifi Controller certificate success!"
@@ -165,6 +212,11 @@ unifi_deploy() {
       return 1
     fi
 
+    # Save the existing certs in case something goes wrong.
+    cp -f "${_unifi_core_config}"/unifi-core.crt "${_unifi_core_config}"/unifi-core_original.crt
+    cp -f "${_unifi_core_config}"/unifi-core.key "${_unifi_core_config}"/unifi-core_original.key
+    _info "Previous certificate and key saved to ${_unifi_core_config}/unifi-core_original.crt/key."
+
     cat "$_cfullchain" >"${_unifi_core_config}/unifi-core.crt"
     cat "$_ckey" >"${_unifi_core_config}/unifi-core.key"
 
diff --git a/deploy/vault.sh b/deploy/vault.sh
index 569faba2..03a0de83 100644
--- a/deploy/vault.sh
+++ b/deploy/vault.sh
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ vault_deploy() {
 
   # JSON does not allow multiline strings.
   # So replacing new-lines with "\n" here
-  _ckey=$(sed -z 's/\n/\\n/g' <"$2")
-  _ccert=$(sed -z 's/\n/\\n/g' <"$3")
-  _cca=$(sed -z 's/\n/\\n/g' <"$4")
-  _cfullchain=$(sed -z 's/\n/\\n/g' <"$5")
+  _ckey=$(sed -e ':a' -e N -e '$ ! ba' -e 's/\n/\\n/g' <"$2")
+  _ccert=$(sed -e ':a' -e N -e '$ ! ba' -e 's/\n/\\n/g' <"$3")
+  _cca=$(sed -e ':a' -e N -e '$ ! ba' -e 's/\n/\\n/g' <"$4")
+  _cfullchain=$(sed -e ':a' -e N -e '$ ! ba' -e 's/\n/\\n/g' <"$5")
 
   export _H1="X-Vault-Token: $VAULT_TOKEN"
 
diff --git a/deploy/vsftpd.sh b/deploy/vsftpd.sh
index 8cf24e4f..570495cc 100644
--- a/deploy/vsftpd.sh
+++ b/deploy/vsftpd.sh
@@ -106,5 +106,5 @@ vsftpd_deploy() {
     fi
     return 1
   fi
-  return 0
+
 }
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_1984hosting.sh b/dnsapi/dns_1984hosting.sh
index e4ef2e4b..906ea443 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_1984hosting.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_1984hosting.sh
@@ -1,22 +1,18 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-# This file name is "dns_1984hosting.sh"
-# So, here must be a method dns_1984hosting_add()
-# Which will be called by acme.sh to add the txt record to your api system.
-# returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
-
-# Author: Adrian Fedoreanu
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh
-# or here... https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2851
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_1984hosting_info='1984.hosting
+Domains: 1984.is
+Site: 1984.hosting
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_1984hosting
+Options:
+ One984HOSTING_Username Username
+ One984HOSTING_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2851
+Author: Adrian Fedoreanu
+'
 
 ######## Public functions #####################
 
-# Export 1984HOSTING username and password in following variables
-#
-#  One984HOSTING_Username=username
-#  One984HOSTING_Password=password
-#
-# username/password and csrftoken/sessionid cookies are saved in ~/.acme.sh/account.conf
-
 # Usage: dns_1984hosting_add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
 # Add a text record.
 dns_1984hosting_add() {
@@ -215,8 +211,8 @@ _get_root() {
       return 1
     fi
 
-    _authget "https://1984.hosting/domains/soacheck/?zone=$h&nameserver=ns0.1984.is."
-    if _contains "$_response" "serial" && ! _contains "$_response" "null"; then
+    _authget "https://1984.hosting/domains/zonestatus/$h/?cached=no"
+    if _contains "$_response" '"ok": true'; then
       _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
@@ -250,7 +246,6 @@ _authget() {
 }
 
 # Truncate huge HTML response
-# Echo: Argument list too long
 _htmlget() {
   export _H1="Cookie: $One984HOSTING_CSRFTOKEN_COOKIE; $One984HOSTING_SESSIONID_COOKIE"
   _response=$(_get "$1" | grep "$2")
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_acmedns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_acmedns.sh
index 057f9742..f3f50233 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_acmedns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_acmedns.sh
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#
-#Author: Wolfgang Ebner
-#Author: Sven Neubuaer
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/dampfklon/acme.sh
-#
-# Usage:
-# export ACMEDNS_BASE_URL="https://auth.acme-dns.io"
-#
-# You can optionally define an already existing account:
-#
-# export ACMEDNS_USERNAME="<username>"
-# export ACMEDNS_PASSWORD="<password>"
-# export ACMEDNS_SUBDOMAIN="<subdomain>"
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_acmedns_info='acme-dns Server API
+ The acme-dns is a limited DNS server with RESTful API to handle ACME DNS challenges.
+Site: github.com/joohoi/acme-dns
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_acmedns
+Options:
+ ACMEDNS_USERNAME Username. Optional.
+ ACMEDNS_PASSWORD Password. Optional.
+ ACMEDNS_SUBDOMAIN Subdomain. Optional.
+ ACMEDNS_BASE_URL API endpoint. Default: "https://auth.acme-dns.io".
+Issues: github.com/dampfklon/acme.sh
+Author: Wolfgang Ebner, Sven Neubuaer
+'
+
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 #Usage: dns_acmedns_add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_acmeproxy.sh b/dnsapi/dns_acmeproxy.sh
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 9d5533f9..a699f645
--- a/dnsapi/dns_acmeproxy.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_acmeproxy.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,17 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-## Acmeproxy DNS provider to be used with acmeproxy (https://github.com/mdbraber/acmeproxy)
-## API integration by Maarten den Braber
-##
-## Report any bugs via https://github.com/mdbraber/acme.sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_acmeproxy_info='AcmeProxy Server API
+ AcmeProxy can be used to as a single host in your network to request certificates through a DNS API.
+ Clients can connect with the one AcmeProxy host so you do not need to store DNS API credentials on every single host.
+Site: github.com/mdbraber/acmeproxy
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_acmeproxy
+Options:
+ ACMEPROXY_ENDPOINT API Endpoint
+ ACMEPROXY_USERNAME Username
+ ACMEPROXY_PASSWORD Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2251
+Author: Maarten den Braber
+'
 
 dns_acmeproxy_add() {
   fulldomain="${1}"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_active24.sh b/dnsapi/dns_active24.sh
index 862f734f..c56dd363 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_active24.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_active24.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#ACTIVE24_Token="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_active24_info='Active24.com
+Site: Active24.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_active24
+Options:
+ ACTIVE24_Token API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2059
+Author: Milan Pála
+'
 
 ACTIVE24_Api="https://api.active24.com"
 
@@ -76,10 +83,10 @@ _get_root() {
     return 1
   fi
 
-  i=2
+  i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug "h" "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -87,7 +94,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ad.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ad.sh
index fc4a664b..850af5b4 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_ad.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ad.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#AD_API_KEY="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-
-#This is the Alwaysdata api wrapper for acme.sh
-#
-#Author: Paul Koppen
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/wpk-/acme.sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_ad_info='AlwaysData.com
+Site: AlwaysData.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_ad
+Options:
+ AD_API_KEY API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/pull/503
+Author: Paul Koppen
+'
 
 AD_API_URL="https://$AD_API_KEY:@api.alwaysdata.com/v1"
 
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ _get_root() {
   if _ad_rest GET "domain/"; then
     response="$(echo "$response" | tr -d "\n" | sed 's/{/\n&/g')"
     while true; do
-      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
       _debug h "$h"
       if [ -z "$h" ]; then
         #not valid
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ _get_root() {
       if [ "$hostedzone" ]; then
         _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$hostedzone" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\s*[0-9]+" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \ )
         if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
           _domain=$h
           return 0
         fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ali.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ali.sh
index c69839dc..53a82f91 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_ali.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ali.sh
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-Ali_API="https://alidns.aliyuncs.com/"
-
-#Ali_Key="LTqIA87hOKdjevsf5"
-#Ali_Secret="0p5EYueFNq501xnCPzKNbx6K51qPH2"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_ali_info='AlibabaCloud.com
+Domains: Aliyun.com
+Site: AlibabaCloud.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_ali
+Options:
+ Ali_Key API Key
+ Ali_Secret API Secret
+'
+
+# NOTICE:
+# This file is referenced by Alibaba Cloud Services deploy hooks
+# https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/pull/5205#issuecomment-2357867276
+# Be careful when modifying this file, especially when making breaking changes for common functions
+
+Ali_DNS_API="https://alidns.aliyuncs.com/"
 
 #Usage: dns_ali_add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
 dns_ali_add() {
   fulldomain=$1
   txtvalue=$2
 
-  Ali_Key="${Ali_Key:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable Ali_Key)}"
-  Ali_Secret="${Ali_Secret:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable Ali_Secret)}"
-  if [ -z "$Ali_Key" ] || [ -z "$Ali_Secret" ]; then
-    Ali_Key=""
-    Ali_Secret=""
-    _err "You don't specify aliyun api key and secret yet."
-    return 1
-  fi
-
-  #save the api key and secret to the account conf file.
-  _saveaccountconf_mutable Ali_Key "$Ali_Key"
-  _saveaccountconf_mutable Ali_Secret "$Ali_Secret"
+  _prepare_ali_credentials || return 1
 
   _debug "First detect the root zone"
   if ! _get_root "$fulldomain"; then
@@ -46,14 +46,74 @@ dns_ali_rm() {
   _clean
 }
 
-####################  Private functions below ##################################
+####################  Alibaba Cloud common functions below  ####################
+
+_prepare_ali_credentials() {
+  Ali_Key="${Ali_Key:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable Ali_Key)}"
+  Ali_Secret="${Ali_Secret:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable Ali_Secret)}"
+  if [ -z "$Ali_Key" ] || [ -z "$Ali_Secret" ]; then
+    Ali_Key=""
+    Ali_Secret=""
+    _err "You don't specify aliyun api key and secret yet."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  #save the api key and secret to the account conf file.
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable Ali_Key "$Ali_Key"
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable Ali_Secret "$Ali_Secret"
+}
+
+# act ign mtd
+_ali_rest() {
+  act="$1"
+  ign="$2"
+  mtd="${3:-GET}"
+
+  signature=$(printf "%s" "$mtd&%2F&$(printf "%s" "$query" | _url_encode upper-hex)" | _hmac "sha1" "$(printf "%s" "$Ali_Secret&" | _hex_dump | tr -d " ")" | _base64)
+  signature=$(printf "%s" "$signature" | _url_encode upper-hex)
+  url="$endpoint?Signature=$signature"
+
+  if [ "$mtd" = "GET" ]; then
+    url="$url&$query"
+    response="$(_get "$url")"
+  else
+    response="$(_post "$query" "$url" "" "$mtd" "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")"
+  fi
+
+  _ret="$?"
+  _debug2 response "$response"
+  if [ "$_ret" != "0" ]; then
+    _err "Error <$act>"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if [ -z "$ign" ]; then
+    message="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\"Message\":\"[^\"]*\"" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")"
+    if [ "$message" ]; then
+      _err "$message"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+_ali_nonce() {
+  #_head_n 1 </dev/urandom | _digest "sha256" hex | cut -c 1-31
+  #Not so good...
+  date +"%s%N" | sed 's/%N//g'
+}
+
+_timestamp() {
+  date -u +"%Y-%m-%dT%H%%3A%M%%3A%SZ"
+}
+
+####################  Private functions below  ####################
 
 _get_root() {
   domain=$1
-  i=2
+  i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -65,7 +125,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "PageNumber"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
       _domain="$h"
       _debug _domain "$_domain"
@@ -77,52 +137,10 @@ _get_root() {
   return 1
 }
 
-_ali_rest() {
-  signature=$(printf "%s" "GET&%2F&$(_ali_urlencode "$query")" | _hmac "sha1" "$(printf "%s" "$Ali_Secret&" | _hex_dump | tr -d " ")" | _base64)
-  signature=$(_ali_urlencode "$signature")
-  url="$Ali_API?$query&Signature=$signature"
-
-  if ! response="$(_get "$url")"; then
-    _err "Error <$1>"
-    return 1
-  fi
-
-  _debug2 response "$response"
-  if [ -z "$2" ]; then
-    message="$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\"Message\":\"[^\"]*\"" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")"
-    if [ "$message" ]; then
-      _err "$message"
-      return 1
-    fi
-  fi
-}
-
-_ali_urlencode() {
-  _str="$1"
-  _str_len=${#_str}
-  _u_i=1
-  while [ "$_u_i" -le "$_str_len" ]; do
-    _str_c="$(printf "%s" "$_str" | cut -c "$_u_i")"
-    case $_str_c in [a-zA-Z0-9.~_-])
-      printf "%s" "$_str_c"
-      ;;
-    *)
-      printf "%%%02X" "'$_str_c"
-      ;;
-    esac
-    _u_i="$(_math "$_u_i" + 1)"
-  done
-}
-
-_ali_nonce() {
-  #_head_n 1 </dev/urandom | _digest "sha256" hex | cut -c 1-31
-  #Not so good...
-  date +"%s%N" | sed 's/%N//g'
-}
-
 _check_exist_query() {
   _qdomain="$1"
   _qsubdomain="$2"
+  endpoint=$Ali_DNS_API
   query=''
   query=$query'AccessKeyId='$Ali_Key
   query=$query'&Action=DescribeDomainRecords'
@@ -138,6 +156,7 @@ _check_exist_query() {
 }
 
 _add_record_query() {
+  endpoint=$Ali_DNS_API
   query=''
   query=$query'AccessKeyId='$Ali_Key
   query=$query'&Action=AddDomainRecord'
@@ -154,6 +173,7 @@ _add_record_query() {
 }
 
 _delete_record_query() {
+  endpoint=$Ali_DNS_API
   query=''
   query=$query'AccessKeyId='$Ali_Key
   query=$query'&Action=DeleteDomainRecord'
@@ -167,6 +187,7 @@ _delete_record_query() {
 }
 
 _describe_records_query() {
+  endpoint=$Ali_DNS_API
   query=''
   query=$query'AccessKeyId='$Ali_Key
   query=$query'&Action=DescribeDomainRecords'
@@ -197,7 +218,3 @@ _clean() {
   fi
 
 }
-
-_timestamp() {
-  date -u +"%Y-%m-%dT%H%%3A%M%%3A%SZ"
-}
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_alviy.sh b/dnsapi/dns_alviy.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2217b0df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_alviy.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+# Alviy domain api
+#
+# Get API key and secret from https://cloud.alviy.com/token
+#
+# Alviy_token="some-secret-key"
+#
+# Ex.: acme.sh --issue --staging --dns dns_alviy -d "*.s.example.com" -d "s.example.com"
+
+Alviy_Api="https://cloud.alviy.com/api/v1"
+
+########  Public functions #####################
+
+#Usage: dns_alviy_add  _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "content"
+dns_alviy_add() {
+  fulldomain=$1
+  txtvalue=$2
+
+  Alviy_token="${Alviy_token:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable Alviy_token)}"
+  if [ -z "$Alviy_token" ]; then
+    Alviy_token=""
+    _err "Please specify Alviy token."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  #save the api key and email to the account conf file.
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable Alviy_token "$Alviy_token"
+
+  _debug "First detect the root zone"
+  if ! _get_root "$fulldomain"; then
+    _err "invalid domain"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
+  _debug _domain "$_domain"
+
+  _debug "Getting existing records"
+  if _alviy_txt_exists "$_domain" "$fulldomain" "$txtvalue"; then
+    _info "This record already exists, skipping"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  _add_data="{\"content\":\"$txtvalue\",\"type\":\"TXT\"}"
+  _debug2 _add_data "$_add_data"
+  _info "Adding record"
+  if _alviy_rest POST "zone/$_domain/domain/$fulldomain/" "$_add_data"; then
+    _debug "Checking updated records of '${fulldomain}'"
+
+    if ! _alviy_txt_exists "$_domain" "$fulldomain" "$txtvalue"; then
+      _err "TXT record '${txtvalue}' for '${fulldomain}', value wasn't set!"
+      return 1
+    fi
+
+  else
+    _err "Add txt record error, value '${txtvalue}' for '${fulldomain}' was not set."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _sleep 10
+  _info "Added TXT record '${txtvalue}' for '${fulldomain}'."
+  return 0
+}
+
+#fulldomain
+dns_alviy_rm() {
+  fulldomain=$1
+  txtvalue=$2
+
+  Alviy_token="${Alviy_token:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable Alviy_token)}"
+
+  _debug "First detect the root zone"
+  if ! _get_root "$fulldomain"; then
+    _err "invalid domain"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
+  _debug _domain "$_domain"
+
+  if ! _alviy_txt_exists "$_domain" "$fulldomain" "$txtvalue"; then
+    _info "The record does not exist, skip"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  _add_data=""
+  uuid=$(echo "$response" | tr "{" "\n" | grep "$txtvalue" | tr "," "\n" | grep uuid | cut -d \" -f4)
+  # delete record
+  _debug "Delete TXT record for '${fulldomain}'"
+  if ! _alviy_rest DELETE "zone/$_domain/record/$uuid" "{\"confirm\":1}"; then
+    _err "Cannot delete empty TXT record for '$fulldomain'"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  _info "The record '$fulldomain'='$txtvalue' deleted"
+}
+
+####################  Private functions below ##################################
+#_acme-challenge.www.domain.com
+#returns
+# _sub_domain=_acme-challenge.www
+# _domain=domain.com
+_get_root() {
+  domain=$1
+  i=3
+  a="init"
+  while [ -n "$a" ]; do
+    a=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-)
+    i=$((i + 1))
+  done
+  n=$((i - 3))
+  h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $n-)
+  if [ -z "$h" ]; then
+    #not valid
+    _alviy_rest GET "zone/$domain/"
+    _debug "can't get host from $domain"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if ! _alviy_rest GET "zone/$h/"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if _contains "$response" '"code":"NOT_FOUND"'; then
+    _debug "$h not found"
+  else
+    s=$((n - 1))
+    _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f -$s)
+    _domain="$h"
+    return 0
+  fi
+  return 1
+}
+
+_alviy_txt_exists() {
+  zone=$1
+  domain=$2
+  content_data=$3
+  _debug "Getting existing records"
+
+  if ! _alviy_rest GET "zone/$zone/domain/$domain/TXT/"; then
+    _info "The record does not exist"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if ! _contains "$response" "$3"; then
+    _info "The record has other value"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  # GOOD code return - TRUE function
+  return 0
+}
+
+_alviy_rest() {
+  method=$1
+  path="$2"
+  content_data="$3"
+  _debug "$path"
+
+  export _H1="Authorization: Bearer $Alviy_token"
+  export _H2="Content-Type: application/json"
+
+  if [ "$content_data" ] || [ "$method" = "DELETE" ]; then
+    _debug "data ($method): " "$content_data"
+    response="$(_post "$content_data" "$Alviy_Api/$path" "" "$method")"
+  else
+    response="$(_get "$Alviy_Api/$path")"
+  fi
+  _code="$(grep "^HTTP" "$HTTP_HEADER" | _tail_n 1 | cut -d " " -f 2 | tr -d "\\r\\n")"
+  if [ "$_code" = "401" ]; then
+    _err "It seems that your api key or secret is not correct."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if [ "$_code" != "200" ]; then
+    _err "API call error ($method): $path Response code $_code"
+  fi
+  if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
+    _err "error on rest call ($method): $path. Response:"
+    _err "$response"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  _debug2 response "$response"
+  return 0
+}
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_anx.sh b/dnsapi/dns_anx.sh
index c1a1130a..d45d9736 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_anx.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_anx.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Anexia CloudDNS acme.sh hook
-# Author: MA
-
-#ANX_Token="xxxx"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_anx_info='Anexia.com CloudDNS
+Site: Anexia.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_anx
+Options:
+ ANX_Token API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3238
+'
 
 ANX_API='https://engine.anexia-it.com/api/clouddns/v1'
 
@@ -127,18 +130,17 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
 
-  _anx_rest GET "zone.json"
-
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
     fi
 
+    _anx_rest GET "zone.json/${h}"
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\""; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_artfiles.sh b/dnsapi/dns_artfiles.sh
index a762837e..abd088f6 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_artfiles.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_artfiles.sh
@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-################################################################################
-# ACME.sh 3rd party DNS API plugin for ArtFiles.de
-################################################################################
-# Author:   Martin Arndt, https://troublezone.net/
-# Released: 2022-02-27
-# Issues:   https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4718
-################################################################################
-# Usage:
-# 1. export AF_API_USERNAME='api12345678'
-# 2. export AF_API_PASSWORD='apiPassword'
-# 3. acme.sh --issue -d example.com --dns dns_artfiles
-################################################################################
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_artfiles_info='ArtFiles.de
+Site: ArtFiles.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_artfiles
+Options:
+ AF_API_USERNAME API Username
+ AF_API_PASSWORD API Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4718
+Author: Martin Arndt <https://troublezone.net/>
+'
 
 ########## API configuration ###################################################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_arvan.sh b/dnsapi/dns_arvan.sh
index 4ca5b685..cbe6dc1f 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_arvan.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_arvan.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Arvan_Token="Apikey xxxx"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_arvan_info='ArvanCloud.ir
+Site: ArvanCloud.ir
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_arvan
+Options:
+ Arvan_Token API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2796
+Author: Vahid Fardi
+'
 
 ARVAN_API_URL="https://napi.arvancloud.ir/cdn/4.0/domains"
-# Author: Vahid Fardi
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/Neilpang/acme.sh
-#
+
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 #Usage: dns_arvan_add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
@@ -102,7 +107,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -115,7 +120,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"domain\":\"$h\""; then
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | cut -d : -f 3 | cut -d , -f 1 | tr -d \")
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_aurora.sh b/dnsapi/dns_aurora.sh
index 00f44739..110ef0fa 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_aurora.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_aurora.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#AURORA_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#AURORA_Secret="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_aurora_info='versio.nl AuroraDNS
+Domains: pcextreme.nl
+Site: versio.nl
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_aurora
+Options:
+ AURORA_Key API Key
+ AURORA_Secret API Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3459
+Author: Jasper Zonneveld
+'
 
 AURORA_Api="https://api.auroradns.eu"
 
@@ -111,7 +117,7 @@ _get_root() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -126,7 +132,7 @@ _get_root() {
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | _normalizeJson | tr -d "{}" | tr "," "\n" | grep "\"id\": *\"" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \" | _head_n 1 | tr -d " ")
       _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_autodns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_autodns.sh
index 92534489..ce566978 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_autodns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_autodns.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-# -*- mode: sh; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: s; coding: utf-8 -*-
-
-# This is the InternetX autoDNS xml api wrapper for acme.sh
-# Author: auerswald@gmail.com
-# Created: 2018-01-14
-#
-#     export AUTODNS_USER="username"
-#     export AUTODNS_PASSWORD="password"
-#     export AUTODNS_CONTEXT="context"
-#
-# Usage:
-#     acme.sh --issue --dns dns_autodns -d example.com
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_autodns_info='InternetX autoDNS
+ InternetX autoDNS XML API
+Site: InternetX.com/autodns/
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_autodns
+Options:
+ AUTODNS_USER Username
+ AUTODNS_PASSWORD Password
+ AUTODNS_CONTEXT Context
+Author: <auerswald@gmail.com>
+'
 
 AUTODNS_API="https://gateway.autodns.com"
 
@@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ _get_autodns_zone() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
 
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
@@ -129,7 +128,7 @@ _get_autodns_zone() {
     if _contains "$autodns_response" "<summary>1</summary>" >/dev/null; then
       _zone="$(echo "$autodns_response" | _egrep_o '<name>[^<]*</name>' | cut -d '>' -f 2 | cut -d '<' -f 1)"
       _system_ns="$(echo "$autodns_response" | _egrep_o '<system_ns>[^<]*</system_ns>' | cut -d '>' -f 2 | cut -d '<' -f 1)"
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       return 0
     fi
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_aws.sh b/dnsapi/dns_aws.sh
index 27923b64..c88c9d9c 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_aws.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_aws.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="xxxxxxx"
-
-#This is the Amazon Route53 api wrapper for acme.sh
-#All `_sleep` commands are included to avoid Route53 throttling, see
-#https://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/DeveloperGuide/DNSLimitations.html#limits-api-requests
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_aws_info='Amazon AWS Route53 domain API
+Site: docs.aws.amazon.com/route53/
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_aws
+Options:
+ AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID API Key ID
+ AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY API Secret
+'
+
+# All `_sleep` commands are included to avoid Route53 throttling, see
+# https://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/DeveloperGuide/DNSLimitations.html#limits-api-requests
 
 AWS_HOST="route53.amazonaws.com"
 AWS_URL="https://$AWS_HOST"
@@ -156,7 +158,7 @@ _get_root() {
 
   # iterate over names (a.b.c.d -> b.c.d -> c.d -> d)
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100 | sed 's/\./\\./g')
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100 | sed 's/\./\\./g')
     _debug "Checking domain: $h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       _error "invalid domain"
@@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ _get_root() {
         if [ "$hostedzone" ]; then
           _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$hostedzone" | _egrep_o "<Id>.*<.Id>" | head -n 1 | _egrep_o ">.*<" | tr -d "<>")
           if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-            _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+            _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
             _domain=$h
             return 0
           fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_azion.sh b/dnsapi/dns_azion.sh
index f215686d..1375e32f 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_azion.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_azion.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#AZION_Email=""
-#AZION_Password=""
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_azion_info='Azion.om
+Site: Azion.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_azion
+Options:
+ AZION_Email Email
+ AZION_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3555
+'
 
 AZION_Api="https://api.azionapi.net"
 
@@ -96,7 +100,7 @@ _get_root() {
   fi
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       # not valid
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ _get_root() {
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | tr '{' "\n" | grep "\"domain\":\"$h\"" | _egrep_o "\"id\":[0-9]*" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")
       _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_azure.sh b/dnsapi/dns_azure.sh
index 1c33c13a..7d818cc2 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_azure.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_azure.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,24 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-WIKI="https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/How-to-use-Azure-DNS"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_azure_info='Azure
+Site: Azure.microsoft.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_azure
+Options:
+ AZUREDNS_SUBSCRIPTIONID Subscription ID
+ AZUREDNS_TENANTID Tenant ID
+ AZUREDNS_APPID App ID. App ID of the service principal
+ AZUREDNS_CLIENTSECRET Client Secret. Secret from creating the service principal
+ AZUREDNS_MANAGEDIDENTITY Use Managed Identity. Use Managed Identity assigned to a resource instead of a service principal. "true"/"false"
+'
+
+wiki=https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/How-to-use-Azure-DNS
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 # Usage: add  _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
 # Used to add txt record
 #
-# Ref: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/dns/recordsets/createorupdate
+# Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/dns/record-sets/create-or-update?view=rest-dns-2018-05-01&tabs=HTTP
 #
 
 dns_azure_add() {
@@ -124,7 +135,7 @@ dns_azure_add() {
 # Usage: fulldomain txtvalue
 # Used to remove the txt record after validation
 #
-# Ref: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/dns/recordsets/delete
+# Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/dns/record-sets/delete?view=rest-dns-2018-05-01&tabs=HTTP
 #
 dns_azure_rm() {
   fulldomain=$1
@@ -256,10 +267,10 @@ _azure_rest() {
     if [ "$_code" = "401" ]; then
       # we have an invalid access token set to expired
       _saveaccountconf_mutable AZUREDNS_TOKENVALIDTO "0"
-      _err "access denied make sure your Azure settings are correct. See $WIKI"
+      _err "Access denied. Invalid access token. Make sure your Azure settings are correct. See: $wiki"
       return 1
     fi
-    # See https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/architecture/best-practices/retry-service-specific#general-rest-and-retry-guidelines for retryable HTTP codes
+    # See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/architecture/best-practices/retry-service-specific#general-rest-and-retry-guidelines for retryable HTTP codes
     if [ "$_ret" != "0" ] || [ -z "$_code" ] || [ "$_code" = "408" ] || [ "$_code" = "500" ] || [ "$_code" = "503" ] || [ "$_code" = "504" ]; then
       _request_retry_times="$(_math "$_request_retry_times" + 1)"
       _info "REST call error $_code retrying $ep in $_request_retry_times s"
@@ -277,7 +288,7 @@ _azure_rest() {
   return 0
 }
 
-## Ref: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/active-directory-protocols-oauth-service-to-service#request-an-access-token
+## Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity-platform/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow#request-an-access-token
 _azure_getaccess_token() {
   managedIdentity=$1
   tenantID=$2
@@ -301,7 +312,7 @@ _azure_getaccess_token() {
   _debug "getting new bearer token"
 
   if [ "$managedIdentity" = true ]; then
-    # https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/how-to-use-vm-token#get-a-token-using-http
+    # https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/managed-identities-azure-resources/how-to-use-vm-token#get-a-token-using-http
     export _H1="Metadata: true"
     response="$(_get http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token\?api-version=2018-02-01\&resource=https://management.azure.com/)"
     response="$(echo "$response" | _normalizeJson)"
@@ -321,7 +332,7 @@ _azure_getaccess_token() {
   fi
 
   if [ -z "$accesstoken" ]; then
-    _err "no acccess token received. Check your Azure settings see $WIKI"
+    _err "No acccess token received. Check your Azure settings. See: $wiki"
     return 1
   fi
   if [ "$_ret" != "0" ]; then
@@ -341,15 +352,18 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
 
-  ## Ref: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/dns/zones/list
-  ## returns up to 100 zones in one response therefore handling more results is not not implemented
-  ## (ZoneListResult with  continuation token for the next page of results)
-  ## Per https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-subscription-service-limits#dns-limits you are limited to 100 Zone/subscriptions anyways
+  ## Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/dns/zones/list?view=rest-dns-2018-05-01&tabs=HTTP
+  ## returns up to 100 zones in one response. Handling more results is not implemented
+  ## (ZoneListResult with continuation token for the next page of results)
+  ##
+  ## TODO: handle more than 100 results, as per:
+  ## https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-resource-manager/management/azure-subscription-service-limits#azure-dns-limits
+  ## The new limit is 250 Public DNS zones per subscription, while the old limit was only 100
   ##
   _azure_rest GET "https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/$subscriptionId/providers/Microsoft.Network/dnszones?\$top=500&api-version=2017-09-01" "" "$accesstoken"
   # Find matching domain name in Json response
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug2 "Checking domain: $h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -364,7 +378,7 @@ _get_root() {
           #create the record at the domain apex (@) if only the domain name was provided as --domain-alias
           _sub_domain="@"
         else
-          _sub_domain=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         fi
         _domain=$h
         return 0
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_bookmyname.sh b/dnsapi/dns_bookmyname.sh
index 62548fd0..668cf074 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_bookmyname.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_bookmyname.sh
@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_bookmyname_info='BookMyName.com
+Site: BookMyName.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_bookmyname
+Options:
+ BOOKMYNAME_USERNAME Username
+ BOOKMYNAME_PASSWORD Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3209
+Author: Neilpang
+'
 
-#Here is a sample custom api script.
-#This file name is "dns_bookmyname.sh"
-#So, here must be a method   dns_bookmyname_add()
-#Which will be called by acme.sh to add the txt record to your api system.
-#returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
-#
-#Author: Neilpang
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh
-#
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
-# Please Read this guide first: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/DNS-API-Dev-Guide
-
 # BookMyName urls:
 # https://BOOKMYNAME_USERNAME:BOOKMYNAME_PASSWORD@www.bookmyname.com/dyndns/?hostname=_acme-challenge.domain.tld&type=txt&ttl=300&do=add&value="XXXXXXXX"'
 # https://BOOKMYNAME_USERNAME:BOOKMYNAME_PASSWORD@www.bookmyname.com/dyndns/?hostname=_acme-challenge.domain.tld&type=txt&ttl=300&do=remove&value="XXXXXXXX"'
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_bunny.sh b/dnsapi/dns_bunny.sh
index a9b1ea5a..780198e1 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_bunny.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_bunny.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-## Will be called by acme.sh to add the TXT record via the Bunny DNS API.
-## returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
-
-## Author: nosilver4u <nosilver4u at ewww.io>
-## GitHub: https://github.com/nosilver4u/acme.sh
-
-##
-## Environment Variables Required:
-##
-## BUNNY_API_KEY="75310dc4-ca77-9ac3-9a19-f6355db573b49ce92ae1-2655-3ebd-61ac-3a3ae34834cc"
-##
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_bunny_info='Bunny.net
+Site: Bunny.net/dns/
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_bunny
+Options:
+ BUNNY_API_KEY API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4296
+Author: <nosilver4u@ewww.io>
+'
 
 #####################  Public functions  #####################
 
@@ -199,7 +196,7 @@ _get_base_domain() {
     _debug2 domain_list "$domain_list"
 
     i=1
-    while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+    while [ "$i" -gt 0 ]; do
       ## get next longest domain
       _domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-"$MAX_DOM")
       ## check we got something back from our cut (or are we at the end)
@@ -211,7 +208,7 @@ _get_base_domain() {
       ## check if it exists
       if [ -n "$found" ]; then
         ## exists - exit loop returning the parts
-        sub_point=$(_math $i - 1)
+        sub_point=$(_math "$i" - 1)
         _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$sub_point")
         _domain_id="$(echo "$found" | _egrep_o "Id\"\s*\:\s*\"*[0-9]+" | _egrep_o "[0-9]+")"
         _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
@@ -221,11 +218,11 @@ _get_base_domain() {
         return 0
       fi
       ## increment cut point $i
-      i=$(_math $i + 1)
+      i=$(_math "$i" + 1)
     done
 
     if [ -z "$found" ]; then
-      page=$(_math $page + 1)
+      page=$(_math "$page" + 1)
       nextpage="https://api.bunny.net/dnszone?page=$page"
       ## Find the next page if we don't have a match.
       hasnextpage="$(echo "$domain_list" | _egrep_o "\"HasMoreItems\"\s*:\s*true")"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_cf.sh b/dnsapi/dns_cf.sh
index cd8d9a8d..736742f3 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_cf.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_cf.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#CF_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#CF_Email="xxxx@sss.com"
-
-#CF_Token="xxxx"
-#CF_Account_ID="xxxx"
-#CF_Zone_ID="xxxx"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_cf_info='CloudFlare
+Site: CloudFlare.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_cf
+Options:
+ CF_Key API Key
+ CF_Email Your account email
+OptionsAlt:
+ CF_Token API Token
+ CF_Account_ID Account ID
+ CF_Zone_ID Zone ID. Optional.
+'
 
 CF_Api="https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4"
 
@@ -183,7 +186,7 @@ _get_root() {
   fi
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -203,7 +206,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\"" || _contains "$response" '"total_count":1'; then
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\[.\"id\": *\"[^\"]*\"" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \" | tr -d " ")
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_clouddns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_clouddns.sh
index 31ae4ee9..b78d70a4 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_clouddns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_clouddns.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Author: Radek Sprta <sprta@vshosting.cz>
-
-#CLOUDDNS_EMAIL=XXXXX
-#CLOUDDNS_PASSWORD="YYYYYYYYY"
-#CLOUDDNS_CLIENT_ID=XXXXX
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_clouddns_info='vshosting.cz CloudDNS
+Site: github.com/vshosting/clouddns
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_clouddns
+Options:
+ CLOUDDNS_EMAIL Email
+ CLOUDDNS_PASSWORD Password
+ CLOUDDNS_CLIENT_ID Client ID
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2699
+Author: Radek Sprta <sprta@vshosting.cz>
+'
 
 CLOUDDNS_API='https://admin.vshosting.cloud/clouddns'
 CLOUDDNS_LOGIN_API='https://admin.vshosting.cloud/api/public/auth/login'
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_cloudns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_cloudns.sh
index 8d7fd437..8bb0e00d 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_cloudns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_cloudns.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_cloudns_info='ClouDNS.net
+Site: ClouDNS.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_cloudns
+Options:
+ CLOUDNS_AUTH_ID Regular auth ID
+ CLOUDNS_SUB_AUTH_ID Sub auth ID
+ CLOUDNS_AUTH_PASSWORD Auth Password
+Author: Boyan Peychev <boyan@cloudns.net>
+'
 
-# Author: Boyan Peychev <boyan at cloudns dot net>
-# Repository: https://github.com/ClouDNS/acme.sh/
-# Editor: I Komang Suryadana
-
-#CLOUDNS_AUTH_ID=XXXXX
-#CLOUDNS_SUB_AUTH_ID=XXXXX
-#CLOUDNS_AUTH_PASSWORD="YYYYYYYYY"
 CLOUDNS_API="https://api.cloudns.net"
 DOMAIN_TYPE=
 DOMAIN_MASTER=
@@ -161,7 +164,7 @@ _dns_cloudns_get_zone_info() {
 _dns_cloudns_get_zone_name() {
   i=2
   while true; do
-    zoneForCheck=$(printf "%s" "$1" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    zoneForCheck=$(printf "%s" "$1" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
 
     if [ -z "$zoneForCheck" ]; then
       return 1
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_cn.sh b/dnsapi/dns_cn.sh
index 38d1f4aa..79698e88 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_cn.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_cn.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# DNS API for acme.sh for Core-Networks (https://beta.api.core-networks.de/doc/).
-# created by 5ll and francis
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_cn_info='Core-Networks.de
+Site: beta.api.Core-Networks.de/doc/
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_cn
+Options:
+ CN_User User
+ CN_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2142
+Author: 5ll, francis
+'
 
 CN_API="https://beta.api.core-networks.de"
 
@@ -124,7 +131,7 @@ _cn_get_root() {
   p=1
   while true; do
 
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     _debug _H1 "${_H1}"
 
@@ -142,7 +149,7 @@ _cn_get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$_cn_zonelist" "\"name\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     else
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_conoha.sh b/dnsapi/dns_conoha.sh
index ddc32074..ecd56fc8 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_conoha.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_conoha.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_conoha_info='ConoHa.jp
+Domains: ConoHa.io
+Site: ConoHa.jp
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_conoha
+Options:
+ CONOHA_Username Username
+ CONOHA_Password Password
+ CONOHA_TenantId TenantId
+ CONOHA_IdentityServiceApi Identity Service API. E.g. "https://identity.xxxx.conoha.io/v2.0"
+'
 
 CONOHA_DNS_EP_PREFIX_REGEXP="https://dns-service\."
 
@@ -226,7 +237,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100).
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100).
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -240,7 +251,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
       _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$response" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\"[^\"]*\"" | head -n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_constellix.sh b/dnsapi/dns_constellix.sh
index 69d216f0..6a50e199 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_constellix.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_constellix.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Author: Wout Decre <wout@canodus.be>
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_constellix_info='Constellix.com
+Site: Constellix.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_constellix
+Options:
+ CONSTELLIX_Key API Key
+ CONSTELLIX_Secret API Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2724
+Author: Wout Decre <wout@canodus.be>
+'
 
 CONSTELLIX_Api="https://api.dns.constellix.com/v1"
-#CONSTELLIX_Key="XXX"
-#CONSTELLIX_Secret="XXX"
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
@@ -116,7 +122,7 @@ _get_root() {
   p=1
   _debug "Detecting root zone"
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       return 1
     fi
@@ -128,7 +134,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\""; then
       _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$response" | _egrep_o "\"id\":[0-9]*" | cut -d ':' -f 2)
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d '.' -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d '.' -f 1-"$p")
         _domain="$h"
 
         _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_cpanel.sh b/dnsapi/dns_cpanel.sh
index f6126bcb..a6991403 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_cpanel.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_cpanel.sh
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#
-#Author: Bjarne Saltbaek
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3732
-#
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_cpanel_info='cPanel Server API
+ Manage DNS via cPanel Dashboard.
+Site: cPanel.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_cpanel
+Options:
+ cPanel_Username Username
+ cPanel_Apitoken API Token
+ cPanel_Hostname Server URL. E.g. "https://hostname:port"
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3732
+Author: Bjarne Saltbaek
+'
+
 ########  Public functions #####################
-#
-# Export CPANEL username,api token and hostname in the following variables
-#
-# cPanel_Username=username
-# cPanel_Apitoken=apitoken
-# cPanel_Hostname=hostname
-#
-# Usage: add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
 
 # Used to add txt record
 dns_cpanel_add() {
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_curanet.sh b/dnsapi/dns_curanet.sh
index 4b39f365..f57afa1f 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_curanet.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_curanet.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Script to use with curanet.dk, scannet.dk, wannafind.dk, dandomain.dk DNS management.
-#Requires api credentials with scope: dns
-#Author: Peter L. Hansen <peter@r12.dk>
-#Version 1.0
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_curanet_info='Curanet.dk
+Domains: scannet.dk wannafind.dk dandomain.dk
+Site: Curanet.dk
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_curanet
+Options:
+ CURANET_AUTHCLIENTID Auth ClientID. Requires scope dns
+ CURANET_AUTHSECRET Auth Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3933
+Author: Peter L. Hansen <peter@r12.dk>
+'
 
 CURANET_REST_URL="https://api.curanet.dk/dns/v1/Domains"
 CURANET_AUTH_URL="https://apiauth.dk.team.blue/auth/realms/Curanet/protocol/openid-connect/token"
@@ -136,7 +142,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_cyon.sh b/dnsapi/dns_cyon.sh
index 830e8831..04a515aa 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_cyon.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_cyon.sh
@@ -1,21 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-########
-# Custom cyon.ch DNS API for use with [acme.sh](https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh)
-#
-# Usage: acme.sh --issue --dns dns_cyon -d www.domain.com
-#
-# Dependencies:
-# -------------
-# - oathtool (When using 2 Factor Authentication)
-#
-# Issues:
-# -------
-# Any issues / questions / suggestions can be posted here:
-# https://github.com/noplanman/cyon-api/issues
-#
-# Author: Armando Lüscher <armando@noplanman.ch>
-########
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_cyon_info='cyon.ch
+Site: cyon.ch
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_cyon
+Options:
+ CY_Username Username
+ CY_Password API Token
+ CY_OTP_Secret OTP token. Only required if using 2FA
+Issues: github.com/noplanman/cyon-api/issues
+Author: Armando Lüscher <armando@noplanman.ch>
+'
 
 dns_cyon_add() {
   _cyon_load_credentials &&
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_da.sh b/dnsapi/dns_da.sh
index 4d3e09b1..36251b05 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_da.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_da.sh
@@ -1,31 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-# -*- mode: sh; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: s; coding: utf-8 -*-
-# vim: et ts=2 sw=2
-#
-# DirectAdmin 1.41.0 API
-# The DirectAdmin interface has it's own Let's encrypt functionality, but this
-# script can be used to generate certificates for names which are not hosted on
-# DirectAdmin
-#
-# User must provide login data and URL to DirectAdmin incl. port.
-# You can create login key, by using the Login Keys function
-# ( https://da.example.com:8443/CMD_LOGIN_KEYS ), which only has access to
-# - CMD_API_DNS_CONTROL
-# - CMD_API_SHOW_DOMAINS
-#
-# See also https://www.directadmin.com/api.php and
-# https://www.directadmin.com/features.php?id=1298
-#
-# Report bugs to https://github.com/TigerP/acme.sh/issues
-#
-# Values to export:
-# export DA_Api="https://remoteUser:remotePassword@da.example.com:8443"
-# export DA_Api_Insecure=1
-#
-# Set DA_Api_Insecure to 1 for insecure and 0 for secure -> difference is
-# whether ssl cert is checked for validity (0) or whether it is just accepted
-# (1)
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_da_info='DirectAdmin Server API
+Site: DirectAdmin.com/api.php
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_da
+Options:
+ DA_Api API Server URL. E.g. "https://remoteUser:remotePassword@da.domain.tld:8443"
+ DA_Api_Insecure Insecure TLS. 0: check for cert validity, 1: always accept
+Issues: github.com/TigerP/acme.sh/issues
+'
+
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 # Usage: dns_myapi_add  _acme-challenge.www.example.com  "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
@@ -78,7 +61,7 @@ _get_root() {
   # response will contain "list[]=example.com&list[]=example.org"
   _da_api CMD_API_SHOW_DOMAINS "" "${domain}"
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       # not valid
@@ -86,7 +69,7 @@ _get_root() {
       return 1
     fi
     if _contains "$response" "$h" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ddnss.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ddnss.sh
index b9da33ff..118b148b 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_ddnss.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ddnss.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Created by RaidenII, to use DuckDNS's API to add/remove text records
-#modified by helbgd @ 03/13/2018 to support ddnss.de
-#modified by mod242 @ 04/24/2018 to support different ddnss domains
-#Please note: the Wildcard Feature must be turned on for the Host record
-#and the checkbox for TXT needs to be enabled
-
-# Pass credentials before "acme.sh --issue --dns dns_ddnss ..."
-# --
-# export DDNSS_Token="aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee"
-# --
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_ddnss_info='DDNSS.de
+Site: DDNSS.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_ddnss
+Options:
+ DDNSS_Token API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2230
+Author: RaidenII, helbgd, mod242
+'
 
 DDNSS_DNS_API="https://ddnss.de/upd.php"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_desec.sh b/dnsapi/dns_desec.sh
index 495a6780..d6b9c355 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_desec.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_desec.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#
-# deSEC.io Domain API
-#
-# Author: Zheng Qian
-#
-# deSEC API doc
-# https://desec.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_desec_info='deSEC.io
+Site: desec.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_desec
+Options:
+ DDNSS_Token API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2180
+Author: Zheng Qian
+'
 
 REST_API="https://desec.io/api/v1/domains"
 
@@ -174,7 +176,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_df.sh b/dnsapi/dns_df.sh
index c0499ddf..513e350c 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_df.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_df.sh
@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-########################################################################
-# https://dyndnsfree.de hook script for acme.sh
-#
-# Environment variables:
-#
-#  - $DF_user      (your dyndnsfree.de username)
-#  - $DF_password  (your dyndnsfree.de password)
-#
-# Author: Thilo Gass <thilo.gass@gmail.com>
-# Git repo: https://github.com/ThiloGa/acme.sh
-
-#-- dns_df_add() - Add TXT record --------------------------------------
-# Usage: dns_df_add _acme-challenge.subdomain.domain.com "XyZ123..."
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_df_info='DynDnsFree.de
+Domains: dynup.de
+Site: DynDnsFree.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_df
+Options:
+ DF_user Username
+ DF_password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2897
+Author: Thilo Gass <thilo.gass@gmail.com>
+'
 
 dyndnsfree_api="https://dynup.de/acme.php"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dgon.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dgon.sh
index afe1b32e..cb887cfa 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dgon.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dgon.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-## Will be called by acme.sh to add the txt record to your api system.
-## returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
-
-## Author: thewer <github at thewer.com>
-## GitHub: https://github.com/gitwer/acme.sh
-
-##
-## Environment Variables Required:
-##
-## DO_API_KEY="75310dc4ca779ac39a19f6355db573b49ce92ae126553ebd61ac3a3ae34834cc"
-##
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dgon_info='DigitalOcean.com
+Site: DigitalOcean.com/help/api/
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_dgon
+Options:
+ DO_API_KEY API Key
+Author: <github@thewer.com>
+'
 
 #####################  Public functions  #####################
 
@@ -207,7 +203,7 @@ _get_base_domain() {
     _debug2 domain_list "$domain_list"
 
     i=1
-    while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+    while [ "$i" -gt 0 ]; do
       ## get next longest domain
       _domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-"$MAX_DOM")
       ## check we got something back from our cut (or are we at the end)
@@ -219,14 +215,14 @@ _get_base_domain() {
       ## check if it exists
       if [ -n "$found" ]; then
         ## exists - exit loop returning the parts
-        sub_point=$(_math $i - 1)
+        sub_point=$(_math "$i" - 1)
         _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$sub_point")
         _debug _domain "$_domain"
         _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
         return 0
       fi
       ## increment cut point $i
-      i=$(_math $i + 1)
+      i=$(_math "$i" + 1)
     done
 
     if [ -z "$found" ]; then
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dnsexit.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dnsexit.sh
index 62d7d757..ec3b07a4 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dnsexit.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dnsexit.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dnsexit_info='DNSExit.com
+Site: DNSExit.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_dnsexit
+Options:
+ DNSEXIT_API_KEY API Key
+ DNSEXIT_AUTH_USER Username
+ DNSEXIT_AUTH_PASS Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4719
+Author: Samuel Jimenez
+'
 
-#use dns-01 at DNSExit.com
-
-#Author: Samuel Jimenez
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh
-
-#DNSEXIT_API_KEY=ABCDEFGHIJ0123456789abcdefghij
-#DNSEXIT_AUTH_USER=login@email.address
-#DNSEXIT_AUTH_PASS=aStrongPassword
 DNSEXIT_API_URL="https://api.dnsexit.com/dns/"
 DNSEXIT_HOSTS_URL="https://update.dnsexit.com/ipupdate/hosts.jsp"
 
@@ -81,7 +84,7 @@ _get_root() {
   domain=$1
   i=1
   while true; do
-    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$_domain"
     if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
       return 1
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dnshome.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dnshome.sh
index 99608769..59828796 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dnshome.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dnshome.sh
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# dnsHome.de API for acme.sh
-#
-# This Script adds the necessary TXT record to a Subdomain
-#
-# Author dnsHome.de (https://github.com/dnsHome-de)
-#
-# Report Bugs to https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3819
-#
-# export DNSHOME_Subdomain=""
-# export DNSHOME_SubdomainPassword=""
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dnshome_info='dnsHome.de
+Site: dnsHome.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_dnshome
+Options:
+ DNSHOME_Subdomain Subdomain
+ DNSHOME_SubdomainPassword Subdomain Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3819
+Author: dnsHome.de https://github.com/dnsHome-de
+'
 
 # Usage: add subdomain.ddnsdomain.tld "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
 # Used to add txt record
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dnsimple.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dnsimple.sh
index d831eb2b..10a3821d 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dnsimple.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dnsimple.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# DNSimple domain api
-# https://github.com/pho3nixf1re/acme.sh/issues
-#
-# This is your oauth token which can be acquired on the account page. Please
-# note that this must be an _account_ token and not a _user_ token.
-# https://dnsimple.com/a/<your account id>/account/access_tokens
-# DNSimple_OAUTH_TOKEN="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dnsimple_info='DNSimple.com
+Site: DNSimple.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_dnsimple
+Options:
+ DNSimple_OAUTH_TOKEN OAuth Token
+Issues: github.com/pho3nixf1re/acme.sh/issues
+'
 
 DNSimple_API="https://api.dnsimple.com/v2"
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   previous=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       # not valid
       return 1
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" 'not found'; then
       _debug "$h not found"
     else
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$previous)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$previous")
       _domain="$h"
 
       _debug _domain "$_domain"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dnsservices.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dnsservices.sh
index 008153a4..44cc6f45 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dnsservices.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dnsservices.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dnsservices_info='DNS.Services
+Site: DNS.Services
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_dnsservices
+Options:
+ DnsServices_Username Username
+ DnsServices_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4152
+Author: Bjarke Bruun <bbruun@gmail.com>
+'
 
-#This file name is "dns_dnsservices.sh"
-#Script for Danish DNS registra and DNS hosting provider https://dns.services
-
-#Author: Bjarke Bruun <bbruun@gmail.com>
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4152
-
-# Global variable to connect to the DNS.Services API
 DNSServices_API=https://dns.services/api
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_doapi.sh b/dnsapi/dns_doapi.sh
index a001d52c..0804f2e6 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_doapi.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_doapi.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Official Let's Encrypt API for do.de / Domain-Offensive
-#
-# This is different from the dns_do adapter, because dns_do is only usable for enterprise customers
-# This API is also available to private customers/individuals
-#
-# Provide the required LetsEncrypt token like this:
-# DO_LETOKEN="FmD408PdqT1E269gUK57"
-
-DO_API="https://www.do.de/api/letsencrypt"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_doapi_info='Domain-Offensive do.de
+ Official LetsEncrypt API for do.de / Domain-Offensive.
+ This API is also available to private customers/individuals.
+Site: do.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_doapi
+Options:
+ DO_LETOKEN LetsEncrypt Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2057
+'
+
+DO_API="https://my.do.de/api/letsencrypt"
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_domeneshop.sh b/dnsapi/dns_domeneshop.sh
index 9a3791f4..925ca335 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_domeneshop.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_domeneshop.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_domeneshop_info='DomeneShop.no
+Site: DomeneShop.no
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_domeneshop
+Options:
+ DOMENESHOP_Token Token
+ DOMENESHOP_Secret Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2457
+'
 
 DOMENESHOP_Api_Endpoint="https://api.domeneshop.no/v0"
 
@@ -84,7 +93,7 @@ _get_domainid() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug "h" "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -93,7 +102,7 @@ _get_domainid() {
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
       # We have found the domain name.
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       _domainid=$(printf "%s" "$response" | _egrep_o "[^{]*\"domain\":\"$_domain\"[^}]*" | _egrep_o "\"id\":[0-9]+" | cut -d : -f 2)
       return 0
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dp.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dp.sh
index 9b8b7a8b..7bc331e2 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dp.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dp.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Dnspod.cn Domain api
-#
-#DP_Id="1234"
-#
-#DP_Key="sADDsdasdgdsf"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dp_info='DNSPod.cn
+Site: DNSPod.cn
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_dp
+Options:
+ DP_Id Id
+ DP_Key Key
+'
 
 REST_API="https://dnsapi.cn"
 
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ _get_root() {
       _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$response" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\"[^\"]*\"" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")
       _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
         _domain="$h"
         _debug _domain "$_domain"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dpi.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dpi.sh
index 2955effd..e8b9b5a5 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dpi.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dpi.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Dnspod.com Domain api
-#
-#DPI_Id="1234"
-#
-#DPI_Key="sADDsdasdgdsf"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dpi_info='DNSPod.com
+Site: DNSPod.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_dpi
+Options:
+ DPI_Id Id
+ DPI_Key Key
+'
 
 REST_API="https://api.dnspod.com"
 
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ _get_root() {
       _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$response" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\"[^\"]*\"" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")
       _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
         _domain="$h"
         _debug _domain "$_domain"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dreamhost.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dreamhost.sh
index a4017938..ce4fff87 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dreamhost.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dreamhost.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dreamhost_info='DreamHost.com
+Site: DreamHost.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_dreamhost
+Options:
+ DH_API_KEY API Key
+Issues: github.com/RhinoLance/acme.sh
+Author: RhinoLance
+'
 
-#Author: RhinoLance
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/RhinoLance/acme.sh
-#
-
-#define the api endpoint
 DH_API_ENDPOINT="https://api.dreamhost.com/"
 querystring=""
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_duckdns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_duckdns.sh
index d6e1dbdc..71594873 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_duckdns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_duckdns.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Created by RaidenII, to use DuckDNS's API to add/remove text records
-#06/27/2017
-
-# Pass credentials before "acme.sh --issue --dns dns_duckdns ..."
-# --
-# export DuckDNS_Token="aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee"
-# --
-#
-# Due to the fact that DuckDNS uses StartSSL as cert provider, --insecure may need to be used with acme.sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_duckdns_info='DuckDNS.org
+Site: www.DuckDNS.org
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_duckdns
+Options:
+ DuckDNS_Token API Token
+Author: RaidenII
+'
 
 DuckDNS_API="https://www.duckdns.org/update"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_durabledns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_durabledns.sh
index 677ae24d..d71f0ccb 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_durabledns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_durabledns.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#DD_API_User="xxxxx"
-#DD_API_Key="xxxxxx"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_durabledns_info='DurableDNS.com
+Site: DurableDNS.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_durabledns
+Options:
+ DD_API_User API User
+ DD_API_Key API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2281
+'
 
 _DD_BASE="https://durabledns.com/services/dns"
 
@@ -104,7 +110,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -112,7 +118,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" ">$h.</origin>"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dyn.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dyn.sh
index 024e0a38..94201923 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dyn.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dyn.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#
-# Dyn.com Domain API
-#
-# Author: Gerd Naschenweng
-# https://github.com/magicdude4eva
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dyn_info='Dyn.com
+Domains: dynect.net
+Site: Dyn.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_dyn
+Options:
+ DYN_Customer Customer
+ DYN_Username API Username
+ DYN_Password Secret
+Author: Gerd Naschenweng <https://github.com/magicdude4eva>
+'
+
 # Dyn Managed DNS API
 # https://help.dyn.com/dns-api-knowledge-base/
 #
@@ -20,13 +26,6 @@
 # ZoneRemoveNode
 # ZonePublish
 # --
-#
-# Pass credentials before "acme.sh --issue --dns dns_dyn ..."
-# --
-# export DYN_Customer="customer"
-# export DYN_Username="apiuser"
-# export DYN_Password="secret"
-# --
 
 DYN_API="https://api.dynect.net/REST"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dynu.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dynu.sh
index 406ef17d..1d1fc311 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dynu.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dynu.sh
@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dynu_info='Dynu.com
+Site: Dynu.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_dynu
+Options:
+ Dynu_ClientId Client ID
+ Dynu_Secret Secret
+Issues: github.com/shar0119/acme.sh
+Author: Dynu Systems Inc
+'
 
-#Client ID
-#Dynu_ClientId="0b71cae7-a099-4f6b-8ddf-94571cdb760d"
-#
-#Secret
-#Dynu_Secret="aCUEY4BDCV45KI8CSIC3sp2LKQ9"
-#
 #Token
 Dynu_Token=""
 #
 #Endpoint
 Dynu_EndPoint="https://api.dynu.com/v2"
-#
-#Author: Dynu Systems, Inc.
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/shar0119/acme.sh
-#
+
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 #Usage: add _acme-challenge.www.domain.com "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"domainName\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
       dnsId=$(printf "%s" "$response" | tr -d "{}" | cut -d , -f 2 | cut -d : -f 2)
       _domain_name=$h
-      _node=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _node=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       return 0
     fi
     p=$i
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_dynv6.sh b/dnsapi/dns_dynv6.sh
index 90814b1b..76af17f5 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_dynv6.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_dynv6.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#Author StefanAbl
-#Usage specify a private keyfile to use with dynv6 'export KEY="path/to/keyfile"'
-#or use the HTTP REST API by by specifying a token 'export DYNV6_TOKEN="value"
-#if no keyfile is specified, you will be asked if you want to create one in /home/$USER/.ssh/dynv6 and /home/$USER/.ssh/dynv6.pub
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_dynv6_info='DynV6.com
+Site: DynV6.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_dynv6
+Options:
+ DYNV6_TOKEN REST API token. Get from https://DynV6.com/keys
+OptionsAlt:
+ KEY Path to SSH private key file. E.g. "/root/.ssh/dynv6"
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2702
+Author: StefanAbl
+'
 
 dynv6_api="https://dynv6.com/api/v2"
 ########  Public functions #####################
 # Please Read this guide first: https://github.com/Neilpang/acme.sh/wiki/DNS-API-Dev-Guide
 #Usage: dns_dynv6_add  _acme-challenge.www.domain.com  "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
 dns_dynv6_add() {
-  fulldomain=$1
-  txtvalue=$2
+  fulldomain="$(echo "$1" | _lower_case)"
+  txtvalue="$2"
   _info "Using dynv6 api"
   _debug fulldomain "$fulldomain"
   _debug txtvalue "$txtvalue"
@@ -36,15 +43,14 @@ dns_dynv6_add() {
       _err "Something went wrong! it does not seem like the record was added successfully"
       return 1
     fi
-    return 1
   fi
-  return 1
+
 }
 #Usage: fulldomain txtvalue
 #Remove the txt record after validation.
 dns_dynv6_rm() {
-  fulldomain=$1
-  txtvalue=$2
+  fulldomain="$(echo "$1" | _lower_case)"
+  txtvalue="$2"
   _info "Using dynv6 API"
   _debug fulldomain "$fulldomain"
   _debug txtvalue "$txtvalue"
@@ -199,7 +205,7 @@ _get_zone_id() {
     return 1
   fi
 
-  zone_id="$(echo "$response" | tr '}' '\n' | grep "$selected" | tr ',' '\n' | grep id | tr -d '"')"
+  zone_id="$(echo "$response" | tr '}' '\n' | grep "$selected" | tr ',' '\n' | grep '"id":' | tr -d '"')"
   _zone_id="${zone_id#id:}"
   _debug "zone id: $_zone_id"
 }
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_easydns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_easydns.sh
index ab47a0bc..1c96ac8f 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_easydns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_easydns.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_easydns_info='easyDNS.net
+Site: easyDNS.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_easydns
+Options:
+ EASYDNS_Token API Token
+ EASYDNS_Key API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2647
+Author: Neilpang, wurzelpanzer <wurzelpanzer@maximolider.net>
+'
 
-#######################################################
-#
-# easyDNS REST API for acme.sh by Neilpang based on dns_cf.sh
-#
 # API Documentation: https://sandbox.rest.easydns.net:3001/
-#
-# Author: wurzelpanzer [wurzelpanzer@maximolider.net]
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2647
-#
+
 ####################  Public functions #################
 
 #EASYDNS_Key="xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
@@ -118,7 +121,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -130,7 +133,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"status\":200"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_edgedns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_edgedns.sh
index 27650eb1..e88a1483 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_edgedns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_edgedns.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_edgedns_info='Akamai.com Edge DNS
+Site: techdocs.Akamai.com/edge-dns/reference/edge-dns-api
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_edgedns
+Options: Specify individual credentials
+ AKAMAI_HOST Host
+ AKAMAI_ACCESS_TOKEN Access token
+ AKAMAI_CLIENT_TOKEN Client token
+ AKAMAI_CLIENT_SECRET Client secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3157
+'
 
 # Akamai Edge DNS v2  API
 # User must provide Open Edgegrid API credentials to the EdgeDNS installation. The remote user in EdgeDNS must have CRUD access to
@@ -6,18 +17,10 @@
 
 # Report bugs to https://control.akamai.com/apps/support-ui/#/contact-support
 
-# Values to export:
-# --EITHER--
 # *** TBD. NOT IMPLEMENTED YET ***
-# specify Edgegrid credentials file and section
-# AKAMAI_EDGERC=<full file path>
-# AKAMAI_EDGERC_SECTION="default"
-## --OR--
-# specify indiviual credentials
-# export AKAMAI_HOST = <host>
-# export AKAMAI_ACCESS_TOKEN = <access token>
-# export AKAMAI_CLIENT_TOKEN = <client token>
-# export AKAMAI_CLIENT_SECRET = <client secret>
+# Specify Edgegrid credentials file and section.
+# AKAMAI_EDGERC Edge RC. Full file path
+# AKAMAI_EDGERC_SECTION Edge RC Section. E.g. "default"
 
 ACME_EDGEDNS_VERSION="0.1.0"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_euserv.sh b/dnsapi/dns_euserv.sh
index cfb4b814..744f6ca6 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_euserv.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_euserv.sh
@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#This is the euserv.eu api wrapper for acme.sh
-#
-#Author: Michael Brueckner
-#Report Bugs: https://www.github.com/initit/acme.sh  or  mbr@initit.de
-
-#
-#EUSERV_Username="username"
-#
-#EUSERV_Password="password"
-#
-# Dependencies:
-# -------------
-# - none -
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_euserv_info='EUserv.com
+Domains: EUserv.eu
+Site: EUserv.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_euserv
+Options:
+ EUSERV_Username Username
+ EUSERV_Password Password
+Author: Michael Brueckner
+'
 
 EUSERV_Api="https://api.euserv.net"
 
@@ -155,7 +151,7 @@ _get_root() {
   response="$_euserv_domain_orders"
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -163,7 +159,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "$h"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       if ! _euserv_get_domain_id "$_domain"; then
         _err "invalid domain"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_exoscale.sh b/dnsapi/dns_exoscale.sh
index ccf05fc5..6898ce38 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_exoscale.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_exoscale.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_exoscale_info='Exoscale.com
+Site: Exoscale.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_exoscale
+Options:
+ EXOSCALE_API_KEY API Key
+ EXOSCALE_SECRET_KEY API Secret key
+'
 
 EXOSCALE_API=https://api.exoscale.com/dns/v1
 
@@ -111,7 +119,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -122,7 +130,7 @@ _get_root() {
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | tr '{' "\n" | grep "\"name\":\"$h\"" | _egrep_o "\"id\":[^,]+" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")
       _domain_token=$(echo "$response" | tr '{' "\n" | grep "\"name\":\"$h\"" | _egrep_o "\"token\":\"[^\"]*\"" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")
       if [ "$_domain_token" ] && [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_fornex.sh b/dnsapi/dns_fornex.sh
index 53be307a..cede0cd0 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_fornex.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_fornex.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Author: Timur Umarov <inbox@tumarov.com>
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_fornex_info='Fornex.com
+Site: Fornex.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_fornex
+Options:
+ FORNEX_API_KEY API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3998
+Author: Timur Umarov <inbox@tumarov.com>
+'
 
 FORNEX_API_URL="https://fornex.com/api/dns/v0.1"
 
@@ -83,7 +90,7 @@ _get_root() {
 
   i=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_freedns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_freedns.sh
index 29cee430..114f30e0 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_freedns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_freedns.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_freedns_info='FreeDNS
+Site: FreeDNS.afraid.org
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_freedns
+Options:
+ FREEDNS_User Username
+ FREEDNS_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2305
+Author: David Kerr <https://github.com/dkerr64>
+'
 
-#This file name is "dns_freedns.sh"
-#So, here must be a method dns_freedns_add()
-#Which will be called by acme.sh to add the txt record to your api system.
-#returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
-#
-#Author: David Kerr
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/dkerr64/acme.sh
-#or here... https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2305
-#
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 # Export FreeDNS userid and password in following variables...
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_gandi_livedns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_gandi_livedns.sh
index 6092f45c..0516fee9 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_gandi_livedns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_gandi_livedns.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_gandi_livedns_info='Gandi.net LiveDNS
+Site: Gandi.net/domain/dns
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_gandi_livedns
+Options:
+ GANDI_LIVEDNS_KEY API Key
+Issues: github.com/fcrozat/acme.sh
+Author: Frédéric Crozat <fcrozat@suse.com>, Dominik Röttsches <drott@google.com>
+'
 
 # Gandi LiveDNS v5 API
 # https://api.gandi.net/docs/livedns/
 # https://api.gandi.net/docs/authentication/ for token + apikey (deprecated) authentication
 # currently under beta
-#
-# Requires GANDI API KEY set in GANDI_LIVEDNS_KEY set as environment variable
-#
-#Author: Frédéric Crozat <fcrozat@suse.com>
-#        Dominik Röttsches <drott@google.com>
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/fcrozat/acme.sh
-#
+
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 GANDI_LIVEDNS_API="https://api.gandi.net/v5/livedns"
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -109,7 +112,7 @@ _get_root() {
     elif _contains "$response" '"code": 404'; then
       _debug "$h not found"
     else
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_gcloud.sh b/dnsapi/dns_gcloud.sh
index dc82c09d..a6016abc 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_gcloud.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_gcloud.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Author: Janos Lenart <janos@lenart.io>
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_gcloud_info='Google Cloud DNS
+Site: Cloud.Google.com/dns
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_gcloud
+Options:
+ CLOUDSDK_ACTIVE_CONFIG_NAME Active config name. E.g. "default"
+Author: Janos Lenart <janos@lenart.io>
+'
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_gcore.sh b/dnsapi/dns_gcore.sh
index 5f7f037e..fbdba7ee 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_gcore.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_gcore.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#GCORE_Key='773$7b7adaf2a2b32bfb1b83787b4ff32a67eb178e3ada1af733e47b1411f2461f7f4fa7ed7138e2772a46124377bad7384b3bb8d87748f87b3f23db4b8bbe41b2bb'
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_gcore_info='Gcore.com
+Site: Gcore.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_gcore
+Options:
+ GCORE_Key API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4460
+'
 
 GCORE_Api="https://api.gcore.com/dns/v2"
 GCORE_Doc="https://api.gcore.com/docs/dns"
@@ -24,7 +28,7 @@ dns_gcore_add() {
   fi
 
   #save the api key to the account conf file.
-  _saveaccountconf_mutable GCORE_Key "$GCORE_Key"
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable GCORE_Key "$GCORE_Key" "base64"
 
   _debug "First detect the zone name"
   if ! _get_root "$fulldomain"; then
@@ -134,7 +138,7 @@ _get_root() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -148,7 +152,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\""; then
       _zone_name=$h
       if [ "$_zone_name" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_gd.sh b/dnsapi/dns_gd.sh
index 1729115e..ee66ee19 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_gd.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_gd.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Godaddy domain api
-# Get API key and secret from https://developer.godaddy.com/
-#
-# GD_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-# GD_Secret="asdfsdfsfsdfsdfdfsdf"
-#
-# Ex.: acme.sh --issue --staging --dns dns_gd -d "*.s.example.com" -d "s.example.com"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_gd_info='GoDaddy.com
+Site: GoDaddy.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_gd
+Options:
+ GD_Key API Key
+ GD_Secret API Secret
+'
 
 GD_Api="https://api.godaddy.com/v1"
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" '"code":"NOT_FOUND"'; then
       _debug "$h not found"
     else
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_geoscaling.sh b/dnsapi/dns_geoscaling.sh
index 6ccf4daf..05887c7e 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_geoscaling.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_geoscaling.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-########################################################################
-# Geoscaling hook script for acme.sh
-#
-# Environment variables:
-#
-#  - $GEOSCALING_Username  (your Geoscaling username - this is usually NOT an amail address)
-#  - $GEOSCALING_Password  (your Geoscaling password)
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_geoscaling_info='GeoScaling.com
+Site: GeoScaling.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_geoscaling
+Options:
+ GEOSCALING_Username Username. This is usually NOT an email address
+ GEOSCALING_Password Password
+'
 
 #-- dns_geoscaling_add() - Add TXT record --------------------------------------
 # Usage: dns_geoscaling_add _acme-challenge.subdomain.domain.com "XyZ123..."
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ find_zone() {
   # Walk through all possible zone names
   strip_counter=1
   while true; do
-    attempted_zone=$(echo "${domain}" | cut -d . -f ${strip_counter}-)
+    attempted_zone=$(echo "${domain}" | cut -d . -f "${strip_counter}"-)
 
     # All possible zone names have been tried
     if [ -z "${attempted_zone}" ]; then
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_googledomains.sh b/dnsapi/dns_googledomains.sh
index 63e3073b..07a37e07 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_googledomains.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_googledomains.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_googledomains_info='Google Domains
+Site: Domains.Google.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_googledomains
+Options:
+ GOOGLEDOMAINS_ACCESS_TOKEN API Access Token
+ GOOGLEDOMAINS_ZONE Zone
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4545
+Author: Alex Leigh <leigh@alexleigh.me>
+'
 
-# Author: Alex Leigh <leigh at alexleigh dot me>
-# Created: 2023-03-02
-
-#GOOGLEDOMAINS_ACCESS_TOKEN="xxxx"
-#GOOGLEDOMAINS_ZONE="xxxx"
 GOOGLEDOMAINS_API="https://acmedns.googleapis.com/v1/acmeChallengeSets"
 
 ######## Public functions ########
@@ -127,7 +132,7 @@ _dns_googledomains_get_zone() {
 
   i=2
   while true; do
-    curr=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    curr=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug curr "$curr"
 
     if [ -z "$curr" ]; then
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_he.sh b/dnsapi/dns_he.sh
index bf4a5030..a768f352 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_he.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_he.sh
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-########################################################################
-# Hurricane Electric hook script for acme.sh
-#
-# Environment variables:
-#
-#  - $HE_Username  (your dns.he.net username)
-#  - $HE_Password  (your dns.he.net password)
-#
-# Author: Ondrej Simek <me@ondrejsimek.com>
-# Git repo: https://github.com/angel333/acme.sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_he_info='Hurricane Electric HE.net
+Site: dns.he.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_he
+Options:
+ HE_Username Username
+ HE_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/angel333/acme.sh/issues/
+Author: Ondrej Simek <me@ondrejsimek.com>
+'
 
 #-- dns_he_add() - Add TXT record --------------------------------------
 # Usage: dns_he_add _acme-challenge.subdomain.domain.com "XyZ123..."
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ _find_zone() {
   # Walk through all possible zone names
   _strip_counter=1
   while true; do
-    _attempted_zone=$(echo "$_domain" | cut -d . -f ${_strip_counter}-)
+    _attempted_zone=$(echo "$_domain" | cut -d . -f "${_strip_counter}"-)
 
     # All possible zone names have been tried
     if [ -z "$_attempted_zone" ]; then
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_hetzner.sh b/dnsapi/dns_hetzner.sh
index 911d4a35..5a9cf2d9 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_hetzner.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_hetzner.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#HETZNER_Token="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_hetzner_info='Hetzner.com
+Site: Hetzner.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_hetzner
+Options:
+ HETZNER_Token API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2943
+'
 
 HETZNER_Api="https://dns.hetzner.com/api/v1"
 
@@ -177,7 +181,7 @@ _get_root() {
 
   _debug "Trying to get zone id by domain name for '$domain_without_acme'."
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -189,7 +193,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\"" || _contains "$response" '"total_entries":1'; then
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\[.\"id\":\"[^\"]*\"" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \")
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         HETZNER_Zone_ID=$_domain_id
         _savedomainconf "$domain_param_name" "$HETZNER_Zone_ID"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_hexonet.sh b/dnsapi/dns_hexonet.sh
index 525efe73..017641fd 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_hexonet.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_hexonet.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-# Hexonet_Login="username!roleId"
-#
-# Hexonet_Password="rolePassword"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_hexonet_info='Hexonet.com
+Site: Hexonet.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_hexonet
+Options:
+ Hexonet_Login Login. E.g. "username!roleId"
+ Hexonet_Password Role Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2389
+'
 
 Hexonet_Api="https://coreapi.1api.net/api/call.cgi"
 
@@ -119,7 +123,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -131,7 +135,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "CODE=200"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_hostingde.sh b/dnsapi/dns_hostingde.sh
index 9e3e5664..41ccab2b 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_hostingde.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_hostingde.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# hosting.de API
-
-# Values to export:
-# export HOSTINGDE_ENDPOINT='https://secure.hosting.de'
-# export HOSTINGDE_APIKEY='xxxxx'
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_hostingde_info='Hosting.de
+Site: Hosting.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_hostingde
+Options:
+ HOSTINGDE_ENDPOINT Endpoint. E.g. "https://secure.hosting.de"
+ HOSTINGDE_APIKEY API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2058
+'
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_huaweicloud.sh b/dnsapi/dns_huaweicloud.sh
index b61c1d43..ee2d2b8e 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_huaweicloud.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_huaweicloud.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# HUAWEICLOUD_Username
-# HUAWEICLOUD_Password
-# HUAWEICLOUD_DomainName
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_huaweicloud_info='HuaweiCloud.com
+Site: HuaweiCloud.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_huaweicloud
+Options:
+ HUAWEICLOUD_Username Username
+ HUAWEICLOUD_Password Password
+ HUAWEICLOUD_DomainName DomainName
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3265
+'
 
 iam_api="https://iam.myhuaweicloud.com"
 dns_api="https://dns.ap-southeast-1.myhuaweicloud.com" # Should work
@@ -204,7 +210,7 @@ _get_recordset_id() {
   _zoneid=$3
   export _H1="X-Auth-Token: ${_token}"
 
-  response=$(_get "${dns_api}/v2/zones/${_zoneid}/recordsets?name=${_domain}")
+  response=$(_get "${dns_api}/v2/zones/${_zoneid}/recordsets?name=${_domain}&status=ACTIVE")
   if _contains "${response}" '"id"'; then
     _id="$(echo "${response}" | _egrep_o "\"id\": *\"[^\"]*\"" | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \" | tr -d " ")"
     printf "%s" "${_id}"
@@ -221,7 +227,7 @@ _add_record() {
 
   # Get Existing Records
   export _H1="X-Auth-Token: ${_token}"
-  response=$(_get "${dns_api}/v2/zones/${zoneid}/recordsets?name=${_domain}")
+  response=$(_get "${dns_api}/v2/zones/${zoneid}/recordsets?name=${_domain}&status=ACTIVE")
 
   _debug2 "${response}"
   _exist_record=$(echo "${response}" | _egrep_o '"records":[^]]*' | sed 's/\"records\"\:\[//g')
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_infoblox.sh b/dnsapi/dns_infoblox.sh
index 6bfd36ee..27f1e61e 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_infoblox.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_infoblox.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-## Infoblox API integration by Jason Keller and Elijah Tenai
-##
-## Report any bugs via https://github.com/jasonkeller/acme.sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_infoblox_info='Infoblox.com
+Site: Infoblox.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_infoblox
+Options:
+ Infoblox_Creds Credentials. E.g. "username:password"
+ Infoblox_Server Server hostname. IP or FQDN of infoblox appliance
+Issues: github.com/jasonkeller/acme.sh
+Author: Jason Keller, Elijah Tenai
+'
 
 dns_infoblox_add() {
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_infomaniak.sh b/dnsapi/dns_infomaniak.sh
index a005132c..ea5ef461 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_infomaniak.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_infomaniak.sh
@@ -1,19 +1,20 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_infomaniak_info='Infomaniak.com
+Site: Infomaniak.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_infomaniak
+Options:
+ INFOMANIAK_API_TOKEN API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3188
+'
 
-###############################################################################
-# Infomaniak API integration
-#
 # To use this API you need visit the API dashboard of your account
 # once logged into https://manager.infomaniak.com add /api/dashboard to the URL
 #
-# Please report bugs to
-# https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3188
-#
 # Note: the URL looks like this:
 # https://manager.infomaniak.com/v3/<account_id>/api/dashboard
 # Then generate a token with the scope Domain
 # this is given as an environment variable INFOMANIAK_API_TOKEN
-###############################################################################
 
 # base variables
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_internetbs.sh b/dnsapi/dns_internetbs.sh
index ae6b9e1e..4238bfe4 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_internetbs.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_internetbs.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#This is the Internet.BS api wrapper for acme.sh
-#
-#Author: <alexey@nelexa.ru> Ne-Lexa
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/Ne-Lexa/acme.sh
-
-#INTERNETBS_API_KEY="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#INTERNETBS_API_PASSWORD="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_internetbs_info='InternetBS.net
+Site: InternetBS.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_internetbs
+Options:
+ INTERNETBS_API_KEY API Key
+ INTERNETBS_API_PASSWORD API Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2261
+Author: Ne-Lexa <alexey@nelexa.ru>
+'
 
 INTERNETBS_API_URL="https://api.internet.bs"
 
@@ -131,7 +133,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     while true; do
-      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f ${i}-100)
+      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "${i}"-100)
       _debug h "$h"
       if [ -z "$h" ]; then
         #not valid
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ _get_root() {
       fi
 
       if _contains "$response" "\"$h\""; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-${p})
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"${p}")
         _domain=${h}
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_inwx.sh b/dnsapi/dns_inwx.sh
index e483c0e8..808fc3a9 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_inwx.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_inwx.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_inwx_info='INWX.de
+Site: INWX.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_inwx
+Options:
+ INWX_User Username
+ INWX_Password Password
+'
 
-#
-#INWX_User="username"
-#
-#INWX_Password="password"
-#
 # Dependencies:
 # -------------
 # - oathtool (When using 2 Factor Authentication)
@@ -160,6 +163,15 @@ _inwx_check_cookie() {
   return 1
 }
 
+_htmlEscape() {
+  _s="$1"
+  _s=$(echo "$_s" | sed "s/&/&amp;/g")
+  _s=$(echo "$_s" | sed "s/</\&lt;/g")
+  _s=$(echo "$_s" | sed "s/>/\&gt;/g")
+  _s=$(echo "$_s" | sed 's/"/\&quot;/g')
+  printf -- %s "$_s"
+}
+
 _inwx_login() {
 
   if _inwx_check_cookie; then
@@ -167,6 +179,8 @@ _inwx_login() {
     return 0
   fi
 
+  XML_PASS=$(_htmlEscape "$INWX_Password")
+
   xml_content=$(printf '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <methodCall>
   <methodName>account.login</methodName>
@@ -190,7 +204,7 @@ _inwx_login() {
     </value>
    </param>
   </params>
-  </methodCall>' "$INWX_User" "$INWX_Password")
+  </methodCall>' "$INWX_User" "$XML_PASS")
 
   response="$(_post "$xml_content" "$INWX_Api" "" "POST")"
 
@@ -279,7 +293,7 @@ _get_root() {
 
   response="$(_post "$xml_content" "$INWX_Api" "" "POST")"
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -287,7 +301,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "$h"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ionos.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ionos.sh
index e4ad3318..9a464253 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_ionos.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ionos.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Supports IONOS DNS API v1.0.1
-#
-# Usage:
-#   Export IONOS_PREFIX and IONOS_SECRET before calling acme.sh:
-#
-#   $ export IONOS_PREFIX="..."
-#   $ export IONOS_SECRET="..."
-#
-#   $ acme.sh --issue --dns dns_ionos ...
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_ionos_info='IONOS.de
+Site: IONOS.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_ionos
+Options:
+ IONOS_PREFIX Prefix
+ IONOS_SECRET Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3379
+'
 
 IONOS_API="https://api.hosting.ionos.com/dns"
 IONOS_ROUTE_ZONES="/v1/zones"
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@ _get_root() {
     _response="$(echo "$_response" | tr -d "\n")"
 
     while true; do
-      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
       if [ -z "$h" ]; then
         return 1
       fi
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ _get_root() {
       if [ "$_zone" ]; then
         _zone_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$_zone" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\"[a-fA-F0-9\-]*\"" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d '\"')
         if [ "$_zone_id" ]; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
           _domain=$h
 
           return 0
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ionos_cloud.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ionos_cloud.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fa229e03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ionos_cloud.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+
+# Supports IONOS Cloud DNS API v1.15.4
+#
+# Usage:
+#   Export IONOS_TOKEN before calling acme.sh:
+#   $ export IONOS_TOKEN="..."
+#
+#   $ acme.sh --issue --dns dns_ionos_cloud ...
+
+IONOS_CLOUD_API="https://dns.de-fra.ionos.com"
+IONOS_CLOUD_ROUTE_ZONES="/zones"
+
+dns_ionos_cloud_add() {
+  fulldomain=$1
+  txtvalue=$2
+
+  if ! _ionos_init; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _record_name=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1)
+  _body="{\"properties\":{\"name\":\"$_record_name\", \"type\":\"TXT\", \"content\":\"$txtvalue\"}}"
+
+  if _ionos_cloud_rest POST "$IONOS_CLOUD_ROUTE_ZONES/$_zone_id/records" "$_body" && [ "$_code" = "202" ]; then
+    _info "TXT record has been created successfully."
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  return 1
+}
+
+dns_ionos_cloud_rm() {
+  fulldomain=$1
+  txtvalue=$2
+
+  if ! _ionos_init; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if ! _ionos_cloud_get_record "$_zone_id" "$txtvalue" "$fulldomain"; then
+    _err "Could not find _acme-challenge TXT record."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if _ionos_cloud_rest DELETE "$IONOS_CLOUD_ROUTE_ZONES/$_zone_id/records/$_record_id" && [ "$_code" = "202" ]; then
+    _info "TXT record has been deleted successfully."
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  return 1
+}
+
+_ionos_init() {
+  IONOS_TOKEN="${IONOS_TOKEN:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable IONOS_TOKEN)}"
+
+  if [ -z "$IONOS_TOKEN" ]; then
+    _err "You didn't specify an IONOS token yet."
+    _err "Read https://api.ionos.com/docs/authentication/v1/#tag/tokens/operation/tokensGenerate to learn how to get a token."
+    _err "You need to set it before calling acme.sh:"
+    _err "\$ export IONOS_TOKEN=\"...\""
+    _err "\$ acme.sh --issue -d ... --dns dns_ionos_cloud"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable IONOS_TOKEN "$IONOS_TOKEN"
+
+  if ! _get_cloud_zone "$fulldomain"; then
+    _err "Cannot find zone $zone in your IONOS account."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+_get_cloud_zone() {
+  domain=$1
+  zone=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 2-)
+
+  if _ionos_cloud_rest GET "$IONOS_CLOUD_ROUTE_ZONES?filter.zoneName=$zone"; then
+    _response="$(echo "$_response" | tr -d "\n")"
+
+    _zone_list_items=$(echo "$_response" | _egrep_o "\"items\":.*")
+
+    _zone_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$_zone_list_items" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\"[a-fA-F0-9\-]*\"" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d '\"')
+    if [ "$_zone_id" ]; then
+      return 0
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  return 1
+}
+
+_ionos_cloud_get_record() {
+  zone_id=$1
+  txtrecord=$2
+  # this is to transform the domain to lower case
+  fulldomain=$(printf "%s" "$3" | _lower_case)
+  # this is to transform record name to lower case
+  # IONOS Cloud API transforms all record names to lower case
+  _record_name=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1 | _lower_case)
+
+  if _ionos_cloud_rest GET "$IONOS_CLOUD_ROUTE_ZONES/$zone_id/records"; then
+    _response="$(echo "$_response" | tr -d "\n")"
+
+    pattern="\{\"id\":\"[a-fA-F0-9\-]*\",\"type\":\"record\",\"href\":\"/zones/$zone_id/records/[a-fA-F0-9\-]*\",\"metadata\":\{\"createdDate\":\"[A-Z0-9\:\.\-]*\",\"lastModifiedDate\":\"[A-Z0-9\:\.\-]*\",\"fqdn\":\"$fulldomain\",\"state\":\"AVAILABLE\",\"zoneId\":\"$zone_id\"\},\"properties\":\{\"content\":\"$txtrecord\",\"enabled\":true,\"name\":\"$_record_name\",\"priority\":[0-9]*,\"ttl\":[0-9]*,\"type\":\"TXT\"\}\}"
+
+    _record="$(echo "$_response" | _egrep_o "$pattern")"
+    if [ "$_record" ]; then
+      _record_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$_record" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\"[a-fA-F0-9\-]*\"" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d '\"')
+      return 0
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  return 1
+}
+
+_ionos_cloud_rest() {
+  method="$1"
+  route="$2"
+  data="$3"
+
+  export _H1="Authorization: Bearer $IONOS_TOKEN"
+
+  # clear headers
+  : >"$HTTP_HEADER"
+
+  if [ "$method" != "GET" ]; then
+    _response="$(_post "$data" "$IONOS_CLOUD_API$route" "" "$method" "application/json")"
+  else
+    _response="$(_get "$IONOS_CLOUD_API$route")"
+  fi
+
+  _code="$(grep "^HTTP" "$HTTP_HEADER" | _tail_n 1 | cut -d " " -f 2 | tr -d "\\r\\n")"
+
+  if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
+    _err "Error $route: $_response"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _debug2 "_response" "$_response"
+  _debug2 "_code" "$_code"
+
+  return 0
+}
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ipv64.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ipv64.sh
index 54470119..51025d1e 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_ipv64.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ipv64.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Created by Roman Lumetsberger, to use ipv64.net's API to add/remove text records
-#2022/11/29
-
-# Pass credentials before "acme.sh --issue --dns dns_ipv64 ..."
-# --
-# export IPv64_Token="aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
-# --
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_ipv64_info='IPv64.net
+Site: IPv64.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_ipv64
+Options:
+ IPv64_Token API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4419
+Author: Roman Lumetsberger
+'
 
 IPv64_API="https://ipv64.net/api"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ispconfig.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ispconfig.sh
index 560f073e..edc789e1 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_ispconfig.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ispconfig.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,21 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_ispconfig_info='ISPConfig Server API
+Site: ISPConfig.org
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_ispconfig
+Options:
+ ISPC_User Remote User
+ ISPC_Password Remote Password
+ ISPC_Api API URL. E.g. "https://ispc.domain.tld:8080/remote/json.php"
+ ISPC_Api_Insecure Insecure TLS. 0: check for cert validity, 1: always accept
+'
 
 # ISPConfig 3.1 API
-# User must provide login data and URL to the ISPConfig installation incl. port. The remote user in ISPConfig must have access to:
+# User must provide login data and URL to the ISPConfig installation incl. port.
+# The remote user in ISPConfig must have access to:
 # - DNS txt Functions
-
-# Report bugs to https://github.com/sjau/acme.sh
-
-# Values to export:
-# export ISPC_User="remoteUser"
-# export ISPC_Password="remotePassword"
-# export ISPC_Api="https://ispc.domain.tld:8080/remote/json.php"
-# export ISPC_Api_Insecure=1     # Set 1 for insecure and 0 for secure -> difference is whether ssl cert is checked for validity (0) or whether it is just accepted (1)
+# - DNS zone functions
+# - Client functions
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_jd.sh b/dnsapi/dns_jd.sh
index d0f2a501..4b9067f2 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_jd.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_jd.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#JD_ACCESS_KEY_ID="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#JD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="xxxxxxx"
-#JD_REGION="cn-north-1"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_jd_info='jdcloud.com
+Site: jdcloud.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_jd
+Options:
+ JD_ACCESS_KEY_ID Access key ID
+ JD_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET Access key secret
+ JD_REGION Region. E.g. "cn-north-1"
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2388
+'
 
 _JD_ACCOUNT="https://uc.jdcloud.com/account/accesskey"
 
@@ -130,7 +135,7 @@ _get_root() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug2 "Checking domain: $h"
     if ! jd_rest GET "domain"; then
       _err "error get domain list"
@@ -148,7 +153,7 @@ _get_root() {
       if [ "$hostedzone" ]; then
         _domain_id="$(echo "$hostedzone" | tr ',' '\n' | grep "\"id\":" | cut -d : -f 2)"
         if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
           _domain=$h
           return 0
         fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_joker.sh b/dnsapi/dns_joker.sh
index 78399a1d..1fe33c67 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_joker.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_joker.sh
@@ -1,27 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Joker.com API for acme.sh
-#
-# This script adds the necessary TXT record to a domain in Joker.com.
-#
-# You must activate Dynamic DNS in Joker.com DNS configuration first.
-# Username and password below refer to Dynamic DNS authentication,
-# not your Joker.com login credentials.
-# See: https://joker.com/faq/content/11/427/en/what-is-dynamic-dns-dyndns.html
-#
-# NOTE: This script does not support wildcard certificates, because
-# Joker.com API does not support adding two TXT records with the same
-# subdomain. Adding the second record will overwrite the first one.
-# See: https://joker.com/faq/content/6/496/en/let_s-encrypt-support.html
-#   "... this request will replace all TXT records for the specified
-#    label by the provided content"
-#
-# Author: aattww (https://github.com/aattww/)
-#
-# Report bugs to https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2840
-#
-# JOKER_USERNAME="xxxx"
-# JOKER_PASSWORD="xxxx"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_joker_info='Joker.com
+Site: Joker.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_joker
+Options:
+ JOKER_USERNAME Username
+ JOKER_PASSWORD Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2840
+Author: <https://github.com/aattww/>
+'
 
 JOKER_API="https://svc.joker.com/nic/replace"
 
@@ -93,7 +80,7 @@ _get_root() {
   fulldomain=$1
   i=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       return 1
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_kappernet.sh b/dnsapi/dns_kappernet.sh
index e9ea0a4d..762ba8b3 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_kappernet.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_kappernet.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# kapper.net domain api
-# for further questions please contact: support@kapper.net
-# please report issues here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2977
-
-#KAPPERNETDNS_Key="yourKAPPERNETapikey"
-#KAPPERNETDNS_Secret="yourKAPPERNETapisecret"
-
-KAPPERNETDNS_Api="https://dnspanel.kapper.net/API/1.2?APIKey=$KAPPERNETDNS_Key&APISecret=$KAPPERNETDNS_Secret"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_kappernet_info='kapper.net
+Site: kapper.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_kappernet
+Options:
+ KAPPERNETDNS_Key API Key
+ KAPPERNETDNS_Secret API Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2977
+'
 
 ###############################################################################
 # called with
@@ -19,10 +19,9 @@ dns_kappernet_add() {
 
   KAPPERNETDNS_Key="${KAPPERNETDNS_Key:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable KAPPERNETDNS_Key)}"
   KAPPERNETDNS_Secret="${KAPPERNETDNS_Secret:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable KAPPERNETDNS_Secret)}"
+  KAPPERNETDNS_Api="https://dnspanel.kapper.net/API/1.2?APIKey=$KAPPERNETDNS_Key&APISecret=$KAPPERNETDNS_Secret"
 
   if [ -z "$KAPPERNETDNS_Key" ] || [ -z "$KAPPERNETDNS_Secret" ]; then
-    KAPPERNETDNS_Key=""
-    KAPPERNETDNS_Secret=""
     _err "Please specify your kapper.net api key and secret."
     _err "If you have not received yours - send your mail to"
     _err "support@kapper.net to get  your key and secret."
@@ -66,10 +65,9 @@ dns_kappernet_rm() {
 
   KAPPERNETDNS_Key="${KAPPERNETDNS_Key:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable KAPPERNETDNS_Key)}"
   KAPPERNETDNS_Secret="${KAPPERNETDNS_Secret:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable KAPPERNETDNS_Secret)}"
+  KAPPERNETDNS_Api="https://dnspanel.kapper.net/API/1.2?APIKey=$KAPPERNETDNS_Key&APISecret=$KAPPERNETDNS_Secret"
 
   if [ -z "$KAPPERNETDNS_Key" ] || [ -z "$KAPPERNETDNS_Secret" ]; then
-    KAPPERNETDNS_Key=""
-    KAPPERNETDNS_Secret=""
     _err "Please specify your kapper.net api key and secret."
     _err "If you have not received yours - send your mail to"
     _err "support@kapper.net to get  your key and secret."
@@ -104,7 +102,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -115,7 +113,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" '"OK":false'; then
       _debug "$h not found"
     else
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
@@ -141,7 +139,7 @@ _kappernet_api() {
   if [ "$method" = "GET" ]; then
     response="$(_get "$url")"
   else
-    _err "Unsupported method"
+    _err "Unsupported method or missing Secret/Key"
     return 1
   fi
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_kas.sh b/dnsapi/dns_kas.sh
index 1253cf27..2164a8e8 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_kas.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_kas.sh
@@ -1,19 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-########################################################################
-# All-inkl Kasserver hook script for acme.sh
-#
-# Environment variables:
-#
-#  - $KAS_Login (Kasserver API login name)
-#  - $KAS_Authtype (Kasserver API auth type. Default: plain)
-#  - $KAS_Authdata (Kasserver API auth data.)
-#
-# Last update: squared GmbH <github@squaredgmbh.de>
-# Credits:
-# - dns_he.sh. Thanks a lot man!
-# - Martin Kammerlander, Phlegx Systems OG <martin.kammerlander@phlegx.com>
-# - Marc-Oliver Lange <git@die-lang.es>
-# - https://github.com/o1oo11oo/kasapi.sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_kas_info='All-inkl Kas Server
+Site: kas.all-inkl.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_kas
+Options:
+ KAS_Login API login name
+ KAS_Authtype API auth type. Default: "plain"
+ KAS_Authdata API auth data
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2715
+Author: squared GmbH <github@squaredgmbh.de>, Martin Kammerlander <martin.kammerlander@phlegx.com>, Marc-Oliver Lange <git@die-lang.es>
+'
+
 ########################################################################
 KAS_Api_GET="$(_get "https://kasapi.kasserver.com/soap/wsdl/KasApi.wsdl")"
 KAS_Api="$(echo "$KAS_Api_GET" | tr -d ' ' | grep -i "<soap:addresslocation=" | sed "s/='/\n/g" | grep -i "http" | sed "s/'\/>//g")"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_kinghost.sh b/dnsapi/dns_kinghost.sh
index f640242f..0496008e 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_kinghost.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_kinghost.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_kinghost_info='King.host
+Domains: KingHost.net KingHost.com.br
+Site: King.host
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_kinghost
+Options:
+ KINGHOST_Username Username
+ KINGHOST_Password Password
+Author: Felipe Keller Braz <felipebraz@kinghost.com.br>
+'
 
-############################################################
 # KingHost API support                                     #
 # https://api.kinghost.net/doc/                             #
-#                                                          #
-# Author: Felipe Keller Braz <felipebraz@kinghost.com.br>  #
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/kinghost/acme.sh    #
-#                                                          #
-# Values to export:                                        #
-# export KINGHOST_Username="email@provider.com"            #
-# export KINGHOST_Password="xxxxxxxxxx"                    #
-############################################################
 
 KING_Api="https://api.kinghost.net/acme"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_knot.sh b/dnsapi/dns_knot.sh
index 729a89cb..5636804a 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_knot.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_knot.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_knot_info='Knot Server knsupdate
+Site: www.knot-dns.cz/docs/2.5/html/man_knsupdate.html
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_knot
+Options:
+ KNOT_SERVER Server hostname. Default: "localhost".
+ KNOT_KEY File path to TSIG key
+'
+
+# See also dns_nsupdate.sh
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_la.sh b/dnsapi/dns_la.sh
index 674df410..f19333c4 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_la.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_la.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#LA_Id="test123"
-#LA_Key="d1j2fdo4dee3948"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_la_info='dns.la
+Site: dns.la
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_la
+Options:
+ LA_Id API ID
+ LA_Key API key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4257
+'
 
 LA_Api="https://api.dns.la/api"
 
@@ -107,7 +113,7 @@ _get_root() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -120,7 +126,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" '"domainid":'; then
       _domain_id=$(printf "%s" "$response" | grep '"domainid":' | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d , -f 1 | tr -d '\r' | tr -d '\n')
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain="$h"
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_leaseweb.sh b/dnsapi/dns_leaseweb.sh
index 4cd3a8f8..66b1f61f 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_leaseweb.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_leaseweb.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_leaseweb_info='Leaseweb.com
+Site: Leaseweb.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_leaseweb
+Options:
+ LSW_Key API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2558
+Author: Rolph Haspers <r.haspers@global.leaseweb.com>
+'
 
-#Author: Rolph Haspers <r.haspers@global.leaseweb.com>
-#Utilize leaseweb.com API to finish dns-01 verifications.
-#Requires a Leaseweb API Key (export LSW_Key="Your Key")
 #See https://developer.leaseweb.com for more information.
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_lexicon.sh b/dnsapi/dns_lexicon.sh
index 19702343..a4b2a801 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_lexicon.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_lexicon.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_lexicon_info='Lexicon DNS client
+Site: github.com/AnalogJ/lexicon
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/How-to-use-lexicon-DNS-API
+Options:
+ PROVIDER Provider
+'
 
-# dns api wrapper of lexicon for acme.sh
-
-# https://github.com/AnalogJ/lexicon
 lexicon_cmd="lexicon"
 
 wiki="https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/How-to-use-lexicon-dns-api"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_limacity.sh b/dnsapi/dns_limacity.sh
index 649550ae..fb12f8c6 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_limacity.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_limacity.sh
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ _lima_get_domain_id() {
   if [ "$(echo "$domains" | _egrep_o "\{.*""domains""")" ]; then
     response="$(echo "$domains" | tr -d "\n" | tr '{' "|" | sed 's/|/&{/g' | tr "|" "\n")"
     while true; do
-      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
       _debug h "$h"
       if [ -z "$h" ]; then
         #not valid
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ _lima_get_domain_id() {
       if [ "$hostedzone" ]; then
         LIMACITY_DOMAINID=$(printf "%s\n" "$hostedzone" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\s*[0-9]+" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \ )
         if [ "$LIMACITY_DOMAINID" ]; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
           _domain=$h
           return 0
         fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_linode.sh b/dnsapi/dns_linode.sh
index ead5b164..d74d1fc8 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_linode.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_linode.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Author: Philipp Grosswiler <philipp.grosswiler@swiss-design.net>
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_linode_info='Linode.com (Old)
+ Deprecated. Use dns_linode_v4
+Site: Linode.com
+Options:
+ LINODE_API_KEY API Key
+Author: Philipp Grosswiler <philipp.grosswiler@swiss-design.net>
+'
 
 LINODE_API_URL="https://api.linode.com/?api_key=$LINODE_API_KEY&api_action="
 
@@ -130,7 +136,7 @@ _get_root() {
   if _rest GET "domain.list"; then
     response="$(echo "$response" | tr -d "\n" | tr '{' "|" | sed 's/|/&{/g' | tr "|" "\n")"
     while true; do
-      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
       _debug h "$h"
       if [ -z "$h" ]; then
         #not valid
@@ -141,7 +147,7 @@ _get_root() {
       if [ "$hostedzone" ]; then
         _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$hostedzone" | _egrep_o "\"DOMAINID\":\s*[0-9]+" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \ )
         if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
           _domain=$h
           return 0
         fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_linode_v4.sh b/dnsapi/dns_linode_v4.sh
index 9504afbf..f6a61a99 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_linode_v4.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_linode_v4.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Original Author: Philipp Grosswiler <philipp.grosswiler@swiss-design.net>
-#v4 Update Author: Aaron W. Swenson <aaron@grandmasfridge.org>
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_linode_v4_info='Linode.com
+Site: Linode.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_linode_v4
+Options:
+ LINODE_V4_API_KEY API Key
+Author: Philipp Grosswiler <philipp.grosswiler@swiss-design.net>, Aaron W. Swenson <aaron@grandmasfridge.org>
+'
 
 LINODE_V4_API_URL="https://api.linode.com/v4/domains"
 
@@ -133,7 +138,7 @@ _get_root() {
   if _rest GET; then
     response="$(echo "$response" | tr -d "\n" | tr '{' "|" | sed 's/|/&{/g' | tr "|" "\n")"
     while true; do
-      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
       _debug h "$h"
       if [ -z "$h" ]; then
         #not valid
@@ -144,7 +149,7 @@ _get_root() {
       if [ "$hostedzone" ]; then
         _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$hostedzone" | _egrep_o "\"id\": *[0-9]+" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \ )
         if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
           _domain=$h
           return 0
         fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_loopia.sh b/dnsapi/dns_loopia.sh
index 60d072e0..98a4f3ab 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_loopia.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_loopia.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#LOOPIA_User="username"
-#
-#LOOPIA_Password="password"
-#
-#LOOPIA_Api="https://api.loopia.<TLD>/RPCSERV"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_loopia_info='Loopia.se
+Site: Loopia.se
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_loopia
+Options:
+ LOOPIA_Api API URL. E.g. "https://api.loopia.<TLD>/RPCSERV" where the <TLD> is one of: com, no, rs, se. Default: "se".
+ LOOPIA_User Username
+ LOOPIA_Password Password
+'
 
 LOOPIA_Api_Default="https://api.loopia.se/RPCSERV"
 
@@ -178,14 +180,14 @@ _get_root() {
 
   response="$(_post "$xml_content" "$LOOPIA_Api" "" "POST")"
   while true; do
-    h=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "$h"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_lua.sh b/dnsapi/dns_lua.sh
index 30c15579..34cce6a1 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_lua.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_lua.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# bug reports to dev@1e.ca
-
-#
-#LUA_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#LUA_Email="user@luadns.net"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_lua_info='LuaDNS.com
+Domains: LuaDNS.net
+Site: LuaDNS.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_lua
+Options:
+ LUA_Key API key
+ LUA_Email Email
+Author: <dev@1e.ca>
+'
 
 LUA_Api="https://api.luadns.com/v1"
 
@@ -107,7 +110,7 @@ _get_root() {
     return 1
   fi
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -118,7 +121,7 @@ _get_root() {
       _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$response" | _egrep_o "\"id\":[^,]*,\"name\":\"$h\"" | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d , -f 1)
       _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain="$h"
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_maradns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_maradns.sh
index 4ff6ca2d..9eefb175 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_maradns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_maradns.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_maradns_info='MaraDNS Server
+Site: MaraDNS.samiam.org
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_maradns
+Options:
+ MARA_ZONE_FILE Zone file path. E.g. "/etc/maradns/db.domain.com"
+ MARA_DUENDE_PID_PATH Duende PID Path. E.g. "/run/maradns/etc_maradns_mararc.pid"
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2072
+'
 
 #Usage: dns_maradns_add _acme-challenge.www.domain.com "token"
 dns_maradns_add() {
@@ -63,7 +72,7 @@ _reload_maradns() {
   pidpath="$1"
   kill -s HUP -- "$(cat "$pidpath")"
   if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
-    _err "Unable to reload MaraDNS, kill returned $?"
+    _err "Unable to reload MaraDNS, kill returned"
     return 1
   fi
 }
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_me.sh b/dnsapi/dns_me.sh
index 49007402..43c903cd 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_me.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_me.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# bug reports to dev@1e.ca
-
-# ME_Key=qmlkdjflmkqdjf
-# ME_Secret=qmsdlkqmlksdvnnpae
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_me_info='DnsMadeEasy.com
+Site: DnsMadeEasy.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_me
+Options:
+ ME_Key API Key
+ ME_Secret API Secret
+Author: <dev@1e.ca>
+'
 
 ME_Api=https://api.dnsmadeeasy.com/V2.0/dns/managed
 
@@ -103,7 +107,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -116,7 +120,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\""; then
       _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$response" | sed 's/^{//; s/}$//; s/{.*}//' | sed -r 's/^.*"id":([0-9]+).*$/\1/')
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain="$h"
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_miab.sh b/dnsapi/dns_miab.sh
index dad69bde..0824a4e7 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_miab.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_miab.sh
@@ -1,24 +1,23 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_miab_info='Mail-in-a-Box
+Site: MailInaBox.email
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_miab
+Options:
+ MIAB_Username Admin username
+ MIAB_Password Admin password
+ MIAB_Server Server hostname. FQDN of your_MIAB Server
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2550
+Author: Darven Dissek, William Gertz
+'
 
-# Name: dns_miab.sh
-#
-# Authors:
-#    Darven Dissek 2018
-#    William Gertz 2019
-#
-#     Thanks to Neil Pang and other developers here for code reused from acme.sh from DNS-01
-#     used to communicate with the MailinaBox Custom DNS API
-# Report Bugs here:
-#    https://github.com/billgertz/MIAB_dns_api (for dns_miab.sh)
-#    https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh       (for acme.sh)
-#
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 #Usage: dns_miab_add  _acme-challenge.www.domain.com  "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
 dns_miab_add() {
   fulldomain=$1
   txtvalue=$2
-  _info "Using miab challange add"
+  _info "Using miab challenge add"
   _debug fulldomain "$fulldomain"
   _debug txtvalue "$txtvalue"
 
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ dns_miab_add() {
     return 1
   fi
 
-  #check domain and seperate into doamin and host
+  #check domain and seperate into domain and host
   if ! _get_root "$fulldomain"; then
     _err "Cannot find any part of ${fulldomain} is hosted on ${MIAB_Server}"
     return 1
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ dns_miab_rm() {
   fulldomain=$1
   txtvalue=$2
 
-  _info "Using miab challage delete"
+  _info "Using miab challenge delete"
   _debug fulldomain "$fulldomain"
   _debug txtvalue "$txtvalue"
 
@@ -113,7 +112,7 @@ _get_root() {
   #cycle through the passed domain seperating out a test domain discarding
   #   the subdomain by marching thorugh the dots
   while true; do
-    _test_domain=$(printf "%s" "$_passed_domain" | cut -d . -f ${_i}-100)
+    _test_domain=$(printf "%s" "$_passed_domain" | cut -d . -f "${_i}"-100)
     _debug _test_domain "$_test_domain"
 
     if [ -z "$_test_domain" ]; then
@@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ _get_root() {
     #report found if the test domain is in the json response and
     #   report the subdomain
     if _contains "$response" "\"$_test_domain\""; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$_passed_domain" | cut -d . -f 1-${_p})
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$_passed_domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"${_p}")
       _domain=${_test_domain}
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_misaka.sh b/dnsapi/dns_misaka.sh
index 36ba5cfd..50ed4360 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_misaka.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_misaka.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# bug reports to support+acmesh@misaka.io
-# based on dns_nsone.sh by dev@1e.ca
-
-#
-#Misaka_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_misaka_info='Misaka.io
+Site: Misaka.io
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_misaka
+Options:
+ Misaka_Key API Key
+Author: <support+acmesh@misaka.io>
+'
 
 Misaka_Api="https://dnsapi.misaka.io/dns"
 
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ _get_root() {
     return 1
   fi
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\""; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_myapi.sh b/dnsapi/dns_myapi.sh
index 7f3c5a86..c9f5eb9f 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_myapi.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_myapi.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,21 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_myapi_info='Custom API Example
+ A sample custom DNS API script.
+Domains: example.com
+Site: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/DNS-API-Dev-Guide
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_duckdns
+Options:
+ MYAPI_Token API Token. Get API Token from https://example.com/api/. Optional.
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh
+Author: Neil Pang <neilgit@neilpang.com>
+'
 
-#Here is a sample custom api script.
 #This file name is "dns_myapi.sh"
 #So, here must be a method   dns_myapi_add()
 #Which will be called by acme.sh to add the txt record to your api system.
 #returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
-#
-#Author: Neilpang
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh
-#
+
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 # Please Read this guide first: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/DNS-API-Dev-Guide
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_mydevil.sh b/dnsapi/dns_mydevil.sh
index 953290af..e9b3d3c8 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_mydevil.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_mydevil.sh
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_mydevil_info='MyDevil.net
+ MyDevil.net already supports automatic Lets Encrypt certificates,
+ except for wildcard domains.
+ This script depends on devil command that MyDevil.net provides,
+ which means that it works only on server side.
+Site: MyDevil.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_mydevil
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2079
+Author: Marcin Konicki <https://ahwayakchih.neoni.net>
+'
 
-# MyDevil.net API (2019-02-03)
-#
-# MyDevil.net already supports automatic Let's Encrypt certificates,
-# except for wildcard domains.
-#
-# This script depends on `devil` command that MyDevil.net provides,
-# which means that it works only on server side.
-#
-# Author: Marcin Konicki <https://ahwayakchih.neoni.net>
-#
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 #Usage: dns_mydevil_add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_mydnsjp.sh b/dnsapi/dns_mydnsjp.sh
index 13866f70..336c4889 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_mydnsjp.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_mydnsjp.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_mydnsjp_info='MyDNS.JP
+Site: MyDNS.JP
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_mydnsjp
+Options:
+ MYDNSJP_MasterID Master ID
+ MYDNSJP_Password Password
+Author: epgdatacapbon
+'
 
-#Here is a api script for MyDNS.JP.
-#This file name is "dns_mydnsjp.sh"
-#So, here must be a method   dns_mydnsjp_add()
-#Which will be called by acme.sh to add the txt record to your api system.
-#returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
-#
-#Author: epgdatacapbon
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/epgdatacapbon/acme.sh
-#
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 # Export MyDNS.JP MasterID and Password in following variables...
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ _get_root() {
   fi
 
   while true; do
-    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
 
     if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
       # not valid
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if [ "$_domain" = "$_root_domain" ]; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       return 0
     fi
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_mythic_beasts.sh b/dnsapi/dns_mythic_beasts.sh
index 294ae84c..1529e1e7 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_mythic_beasts.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_mythic_beasts.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_mythic_beasts_info='Mythic-Beasts.com
+Site: Mythic-Beasts.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_mythic_beasts
+Options:
+ MB_AK API Key
+ MB_AS API Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3848
+'
 # Mythic Beasts is a long-standing UK service provider using standards-based OAuth2 authentication
 # To test: ./acme.sh --dns dns_mythic_beasts --test --debug 1 --output-insecure --issue --domain domain.com
 # Cannot retest once cert is issued
@@ -98,7 +107,7 @@ _get_root() {
 
   _debug "Detect the root zone"
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       _err "Domain exhausted"
       return 1
@@ -109,7 +118,7 @@ _get_root() {
     _mb_rest GET "$h/records"
     ret="$?"
     if [ "$ret" -eq 0 ]; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       _debug _sub_domain "$_sub_domain"
       _debug _domain "$_domain"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_namecheap.sh b/dnsapi/dns_namecheap.sh
index a5f667a9..5527b357 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_namecheap.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_namecheap.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_namecheap_info='NameCheap.com
+Site: NameCheap.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_namecheap
+Options:
+ NAMECHEAP_API_KEY API Key
+ NAMECHEAP_USERNAME Username
+ NAMECHEAP_SOURCEIP Source IP
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2107
+'
 
 # Namecheap API
 # https://www.namecheap.com/support/api/intro.aspx
-#
-# Requires Namecheap API key set in
-#NAMECHEAP_API_KEY,
-#NAMECHEAP_USERNAME,
-#NAMECHEAP_SOURCEIP
 # Due to Namecheap's API limitation all the records of your domain will be read and re applied, make sure to have a backup of your records you could apply if any issue would arise.
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
@@ -104,7 +109,7 @@ _get_root_by_getList() {
 
   while true; do
 
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -118,7 +123,7 @@ _get_root_by_getList() {
     if ! _contains "$response" "$h"; then
       _debug "$h not found"
     else
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
@@ -132,14 +137,14 @@ _get_root_by_getHosts() {
   i=100
   p=99
 
-  while [ $p -ne 0 ]; do
+  while [ "$p" -ne 0 ]; do
 
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$1" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$1" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -n "$h" ]; then
       if _contains "$h" "\\."; then
         _debug h "$h"
         if _namecheap_set_tld_sld "$h"; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$1" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$1" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
           _domain="$h"
           return 0
         else
@@ -373,7 +378,7 @@ _namecheap_set_tld_sld() {
 
   while true; do
 
-    _tld=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    _tld=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug tld "$_tld"
 
     if [ -z "$_tld" ]; then
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_namecom.sh b/dnsapi/dns_namecom.sh
index 0d5dd2c4..44549c9e 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_namecom.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_namecom.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_namecom_info='Name.com
+Site: Name.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_namecom
+Options:
+ Namecom_Username Username
+ Namecom_Token API Token
+Author: RaidenII
+'
 
-#Author: RaidenII
-#Created 06/28/2017
-#Updated 03/01/2018, rewrote to support name.com API v4
-#Utilize name.com API to finish dns-01 verifications.
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
 Namecom_API="https://api.name.com/v4"
@@ -154,15 +159,15 @@ _namecom_get_root() {
 
   # Need to exclude the last field (tld)
   numfields=$(echo "$domain" | _egrep_o "\." | wc -l)
-  while [ $i -le "$numfields" ]; do
-    host=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+  while [ "$i" -le "$numfields" ]; do
+    host=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug host "$host"
     if [ -z "$host" ]; then
       return 1
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "$host"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$host"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_namesilo.sh b/dnsapi/dns_namesilo.sh
index f961d0bd..b31e32a1 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_namesilo.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_namesilo.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_namesilo_info='NameSilo.com
+Site: NameSilo.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_namesilo
+Options:
+ Namesilo_Key API Key
+Author: meowthink
+'
 
-#Author: meowthink
-#Created 01/14/2017
-#Utilize namesilo.com API to finish dns-01 verifications.
+#Utilize API to finish dns-01 verifications.
 
 Namesilo_API="https://www.namesilo.com/api"
 
@@ -103,15 +109,15 @@ _get_root() {
 
   # Need to exclude the last field (tld)
   numfields=$(echo "$domain" | _egrep_o "\." | wc -l)
-  while [ $i -le "$numfields" ]; do
-    host=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+  while [ "$i" -le "$numfields" ]; do
+    host=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug host "$host"
     if [ -z "$host" ]; then
       return 1
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" ">$host</domain>"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$host"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_nanelo.sh b/dnsapi/dns_nanelo.sh
index 8ccc8c29..1ab47a89 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_nanelo.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_nanelo.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Official DNS API for Nanelo.com
-
-# Provide the required API Key like this:
-# NANELO_TOKEN="FmD408PdqT1E269gUK57"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_nanelo_info='Nanelo.com
+Site: Nanelo.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_nanelo
+Options:
+ NANELO_TOKEN API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4519
+'
 
 NANELO_API="https://api.nanelo.com/v1/"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_nederhost.sh b/dnsapi/dns_nederhost.sh
index abaae42b..b16c36ec 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_nederhost.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_nederhost.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#NederHost_Key="sdfgikogfdfghjklkjhgfcdcfghj"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_nederhost_info='NederHost.nl
+Site: NederHost.nl
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_nederhost
+Options:
+ NederHost_Key API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2089
+'
 
 NederHost_Api="https://api.nederhost.nl/dns/v1"
 
@@ -82,8 +88,8 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
-    _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
+    _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
     _debug _domain "$_domain"
     if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
       #not valid
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_neodigit.sh b/dnsapi/dns_neodigit.sh
index 64ea8786..a31f8c9b 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_neodigit.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_neodigit.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_neodigit_info='Neodigit.net
+Site: Neodigit.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_neodigit
+Options:
+ NEODIGIT_API_TOKEN API Token
+Author: Adrian Almenar
+'
 
-#
-# NEODIGIT_API_TOKEN="jasdfhklsjadhflnhsausdfas"
-
-# This is Neodigit.net api wrapper for acme.sh
-#
-# Author: Adrian Almenar
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/tecnocratica/acme.sh
-#
 NEODIGIT_API_URL="https://api.neodigit.net/v1"
 #
 ########  Public functions #####################
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\s*[0-9]+" | _head_n 1 | cut -d: -f2 | cut -d, -f1)
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_netcup.sh b/dnsapi/dns_netcup.sh
index 776fa02d..687b99bc 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_netcup.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_netcup.sh
@@ -1,5 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#developed by linux-insideDE
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_netcup_info='netcup.eu
+Domains: netcup.de netcup.net
+Site: netcup.eu/
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_netcup
+Options:
+ NC_Apikey API Key
+ NC_Apipw API Password
+ NC_CID Customer Number
+Author: linux-insideDE
+'
 
 NC_Apikey="${NC_Apikey:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NC_Apikey)}"
 NC_Apipw="${NC_Apipw:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NC_Apipw)}"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_netlify.sh b/dnsapi/dns_netlify.sh
index 0e5dc327..322f10ad 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_netlify.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_netlify.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#NETLIFY_ACCESS_TOKEN="xxxx"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_netlify_info='Netlify.com
+Site: Netlify.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_netlify
+Options:
+ NETLIFY_ACCESS_TOKEN API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3088
+'
 
 NETLIFY_HOST="api.netlify.com/api/v1/"
 NETLIFY_URL="https://$NETLIFY_HOST"
@@ -49,8 +55,6 @@ dns_netlify_add() {
     return 1
   fi
 
-  _err "Not fully implemented!"
-  return 1
 }
 
 #Usage: dns_myapi_rm   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
@@ -89,7 +93,6 @@ dns_netlify_rm() {
       _err "error removing validation value ($_code)"
       return 1
     fi
-    return 0
   fi
   return 1
 }
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ _get_root() {
   _netlify_rest GET "dns_zones" "" "$accesstoken"
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug2 "Checking domain: $h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -120,7 +123,7 @@ _get_root() {
           #create the record at the domain apex (@) if only the domain name was provided as --domain-alias
           _sub_domain="@"
         else
-          _sub_domain=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         fi
         _domain=$h
         return 0
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_nic.sh b/dnsapi/dns_nic.sh
index 56170f87..5f3e7d5d 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_nic.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_nic.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#NIC_ClientID='0dc0xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxce88'
-#NIC_ClientSecret='3LTtxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxnuW8'
-#NIC_Username="000000/NIC-D"
-#NIC_Password="xxxxxxx"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_nic_info='nic.ru
+Site: nic.ru
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_nic
+Options:
+ NIC_ClientID Client ID
+ NIC_ClientSecret Client Secret
+ NIC_Username Username
+ NIC_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2547
+'
 
 NIC_Api="https://api.nic.ru"
 
@@ -164,7 +169,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$_all_domains" "^$h$"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       _service=$(printf "%s" "$response" | grep -m 1 "idn-name=\"$_domain\"" | sed -r "s/.*service=\"(.*)\".*$/\1/")
       return 0
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_njalla.sh b/dnsapi/dns_njalla.sh
index e9243288..c410447d 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_njalla.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_njalla.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#NJALLA_Token="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_njalla_info='Njalla
+Site: Njal.la
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_njalla
+Options:
+ NJALLA_Token API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2913
+'
 
 NJALLA_Api="https://njal.la/api/1/"
 
@@ -121,7 +126,7 @@ _get_root() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -135,7 +140,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"$h\""; then
       _domain_returned=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\{\"name\": *\"[^\"]*\"" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \" | tr -d " ")
       if [ "$_domain_returned" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_nm.sh b/dnsapi/dns_nm.sh
index 4dfcc777..1f818a29 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_nm.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_nm.sh
@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-########################################################################
-# https://namemaster.de hook script for acme.sh
-#
-# Environment variables:
-#
-#  - $NM_user      (your namemaster.de API username)
-#  - $NM_sha256       (your namemaster.de API password_as_sha256hash)
-#
-# Author: Thilo Gass <thilo.gass@gmail.com>
-# Git repo: https://github.com/ThiloGa/acme.sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_nm_info='NameMaster.de
+Site: NameMaster.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_nm
+Options:
+ NM_user API Username
+ NM_sha256 API Password as SHA256 hash
+Author: Thilo Gass <thilo.gass@gmail.com>
+'
 
 #-- dns_nm_add() - Add TXT record --------------------------------------
 # Usage: dns_nm_add _acme-challenge.subdomain.domain.com "XyZ123..."
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_nsd.sh b/dnsapi/dns_nsd.sh
index 0d29a485..3ddaa98c 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_nsd.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_nsd.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Nsd_ZoneFile="/etc/nsd/zones/example.com.zone"
-#Nsd_Command="sudo nsd-control reload"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_nsd_info='NLnetLabs NSD Server
+Site: github.com/NLnetLabs/nsd
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#nsd
+Options:
+ Nsd_ZoneFile Zone File path. E.g. "/etc/nsd/zones/example.com.zone"
+ Nsd_Command Command. E.g. "sudo nsd-control reload"
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2245
+'
 
 # args: fulldomain txtvalue
 dns_nsd_add() {
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_nsone.sh b/dnsapi/dns_nsone.sh
index 9a998341..e1bfa531 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_nsone.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_nsone.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# bug reports to dev@1e.ca
-
-#
-#NS1_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_nsone_info='ns1.com
+Domains: ns1.net
+Site: ns1.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_nsone
+Options:
+ NS1_Key API Key
+Author: <dev@1e.ca>
+'
 
 NS1_Api="https://api.nsone.net/v1"
 
@@ -116,7 +119,7 @@ _get_root() {
     return 1
   fi
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -124,7 +127,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"zone\":\"$h\""; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_nsupdate.sh b/dnsapi/dns_nsupdate.sh
index cd4b7140..d5dbbcbc 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_nsupdate.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_nsupdate.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_nsupdate_info='nsupdate RFC 2136 DynDNS client
+Site: bind9.readthedocs.io/en/v9.18.19/manpages.html#nsupdate-dynamic-dns-update-utility
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_nsupdate
+Options:
+ NSUPDATE_SERVER Server hostname. Default: "localhost".
+ NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT Server port. Default: "53".
+ NSUPDATE_KEY File path to TSIG key.
+ NSUPDATE_ZONE Domain zone to update. Optional.
+'
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
@@ -10,6 +20,7 @@ dns_nsupdate_add() {
   NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT="${NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT)}"
   NSUPDATE_KEY="${NSUPDATE_KEY:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_KEY)}"
   NSUPDATE_ZONE="${NSUPDATE_ZONE:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_ZONE)}"
+  NSUPDATE_OPT="${NSUPDATE_OPT:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_OPT)}"
 
   _checkKeyFile || return 1
 
@@ -18,21 +29,25 @@ dns_nsupdate_add() {
   _saveaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT "${NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT}"
   _saveaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_KEY "${NSUPDATE_KEY}"
   _saveaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_ZONE "${NSUPDATE_ZONE}"
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_OPT "${NSUPDATE_OPT}"
 
   [ -n "${NSUPDATE_SERVER}" ] || NSUPDATE_SERVER="localhost"
   [ -n "${NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT}" ] || NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT=53
+  [ -n "${NSUPDATE_OPT}" ] || NSUPDATE_OPT=""
 
   _info "adding ${fulldomain}. 60 in txt \"${txtvalue}\""
   [ -n "$DEBUG" ] && [ "$DEBUG" -ge "$DEBUG_LEVEL_1" ] && nsdebug="-d"
   [ -n "$DEBUG" ] && [ "$DEBUG" -ge "$DEBUG_LEVEL_2" ] && nsdebug="-D"
   if [ -z "${NSUPDATE_ZONE}" ]; then
-    nsupdate -k "${NSUPDATE_KEY}" $nsdebug <<EOF
+    #shellcheck disable=SC2086
+    nsupdate -k "${NSUPDATE_KEY}" $nsdebug $NSUPDATE_OPT <<EOF
 server ${NSUPDATE_SERVER}  ${NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT}
 update add ${fulldomain}. 60 in txt "${txtvalue}"
 send
 EOF
   else
-    nsupdate -k "${NSUPDATE_KEY}" $nsdebug <<EOF
+    #shellcheck disable=SC2086
+    nsupdate -k "${NSUPDATE_KEY}" $nsdebug $NSUPDATE_OPT <<EOF
 server ${NSUPDATE_SERVER}  ${NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT}
 zone ${NSUPDATE_ZONE}.
 update add ${fulldomain}. 60 in txt "${txtvalue}"
@@ -55,6 +70,7 @@ dns_nsupdate_rm() {
   NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT="${NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT)}"
   NSUPDATE_KEY="${NSUPDATE_KEY:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_KEY)}"
   NSUPDATE_ZONE="${NSUPDATE_ZONE:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_ZONE)}"
+  NSUPDATE_OPT="${NSUPDATE_OPT:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NSUPDATE_OPT)}"
 
   _checkKeyFile || return 1
   [ -n "${NSUPDATE_SERVER}" ] || NSUPDATE_SERVER="localhost"
@@ -63,13 +79,15 @@ dns_nsupdate_rm() {
   [ -n "$DEBUG" ] && [ "$DEBUG" -ge "$DEBUG_LEVEL_1" ] && nsdebug="-d"
   [ -n "$DEBUG" ] && [ "$DEBUG" -ge "$DEBUG_LEVEL_2" ] && nsdebug="-D"
   if [ -z "${NSUPDATE_ZONE}" ]; then
-    nsupdate -k "${NSUPDATE_KEY}" $nsdebug <<EOF
+    #shellcheck disable=SC2086
+    nsupdate -k "${NSUPDATE_KEY}" $nsdebug $NSUPDATE_OPT <<EOF
 server ${NSUPDATE_SERVER}  ${NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT}
 update delete ${fulldomain}. txt
 send
 EOF
   else
-    nsupdate -k "${NSUPDATE_KEY}" $nsdebug <<EOF
+    #shellcheck disable=SC2086
+    nsupdate -k "${NSUPDATE_KEY}" $nsdebug $NSUPDATE_OPT <<EOF
 server ${NSUPDATE_SERVER}  ${NSUPDATE_SERVER_PORT}
 zone ${NSUPDATE_ZONE}.
 update delete ${fulldomain}. txt
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_nw.sh b/dnsapi/dns_nw.sh
index c57d27c2..0735f5de 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_nw.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_nw.sh
@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-########################################################################
-# NocWorx script for acme.sh
-#
-# Handles DNS Updates for the Following vendors:
-#   - Nexcess.net
-#   - Thermo.io
-#   - Futurehosting.com
-#
-# Environment variables:
-#
-#  - NW_API_TOKEN  (Your API Token)
-#  - NW_API_ENDPOINT (One of the following listed below)
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_nw_info='Nexcess.net (NocWorx)
+Domains: Thermo.io Futurehosting.com
+Site: Nexcess.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_nw
+Options:
+ NW_API_TOKEN API Token
+ NW_API_ENDPOINT API Endpoint. Default: "https://portal.nexcess.net".
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2088
+Author: Frank Laszlo <flaszlo@nexcess.net>
+'
+
 # Endpoints:
 #   - https://portal.nexcess.net (default)
 #   - https://core.thermo.io
@@ -22,8 +21,6 @@
 #        - https://portal.nexcess.net/api-token
 #        - https://core.thermo.io/api-token
 #        - https://my.futurehosting.com/api-token
-#
-# Author: Frank Laszlo <flaszlo@nexcess.net>
 
 NW_API_VERSION="0"
 
@@ -157,7 +154,7 @@ _get_root() {
 
     _debug response "${response}"
     while true; do
-      h=$(printf "%s" "${domain}" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+      h=$(printf "%s" "${domain}" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
       _debug h "${h}"
       if [ -z "${h}" ]; then
         #not valid
@@ -168,7 +165,7 @@ _get_root() {
       if [ "${hostedzone}" ]; then
         _zone_id=$(printf "%s\n" "${hostedzone}" | _egrep_o "\"zone_id\": *[0-9]+" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \ )
         if [ "${_zone_id}" ]; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "${domain}" | cut -d . -f 1-${p})
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "${domain}" | cut -d . -f 1-"${p}")
           _domain="${h}"
           return 0
         fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_oci.sh b/dnsapi/dns_oci.sh
index 3b81143f..c76a4565 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_oci.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_oci.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,19 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#
-# Acme.sh DNS API plugin for Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_oci_info='Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)
+ If OCI CLI configuration file ~/.oci/config has a DEFAULT profile then it will be used.
+Site: Cloud.Oracle.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/How-to-use-Oracle-Cloud-Infrastructure-DNS
+Options:
+ OCI_CLI_TENANCY OCID of tenancy that contains the target DNS zone. Optional.
+ OCI_CLI_USER OCID of user with permission to add/remove records from zones. Optional.
+ OCI_CLI_REGION Should point to the tenancy home region. Optional.
+ OCI_CLI_KEY_FILE Path to private API signing key file in PEM format. Optional.
+ OCI_CLI_KEY The private API signing key in PEM format. Optional.
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3540
+Author: Avi Miller <me@dje.li>
+'
+
 # Copyright (c) 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates
 #
 # The plugin will automatically use the default profile from an OCI SDK and CLI
@@ -177,7 +190,7 @@ _get_zone() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       # not valid
@@ -186,7 +199,7 @@ _get_zone() {
 
     _domain_id=$(_signed_request "GET" "/20180115/zones/$h" "" "id")
     if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
 
       _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_omglol.sh b/dnsapi/dns_omglol.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b6c06aee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_omglol.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_myapi_info='omg.lol
+ Based on the omg.lol API, defined at https://api.omg.lol/
+Domains: omg.lol
+Site: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/DNS-API-Dev-Guide
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_duckdns
+Options:
+ OMG_ApiKey API Key from omg.lol.  This is accesible from the bottom of the account page at https://home.omg.lol/account
+ OMG_Address This is your omg.lol address, without the preceding @ - you can see your list on your dashboard at https://home.omg.lol/dashboard
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh
+Author: @Kholin <kholin+acme.omglolapi@omg.lol>
+'
+
+#returns 0 means success, otherwise error.
+
+########  Public functions #####################
+
+# Please Read this guide first: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/DNS-API-Dev-Guide
+
+#Usage: dns_myapi_add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
+dns_omglol_add() {
+  fulldomain=$1
+  txtvalue=$2
+  OMG_ApiKey="${OMG_ApiKey:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable OMG_ApiKey)}"
+  OMG_Address="${OMG_Address:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable OMG_Address)}"
+
+  # As omg.lol includes a leading @ for their addresses, pre-strip this before save
+  OMG_Address="$(echo "$OMG_Address" | tr -d '@')"
+
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable OMG_ApiKey "$OMG_ApiKey"
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable OMG_Address "$OMG_Address"
+
+  _info "Using omg.lol."
+  _debug "Function" "dns_omglol_add()"
+  _debug "Full Domain Name" "$fulldomain"
+  _debug "txt Record Value" "$txtvalue"
+  _secure_debug "omg.lol API key" "$OMG_ApiKey"
+  _debug "omg.lol Address" "$OMG_Address"
+
+  omg_validate "$OMG_ApiKey" "$OMG_Address" "$fulldomain"
+  if [ ! $? ]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  dnsName=$(_getDnsRecordName "$fulldomain" "$OMG_Address")
+  authHeader="$(_createAuthHeader "$OMG_ApiKey")"
+
+  _debug2 "dns_omglol_add(): Address" "$dnsName"
+
+  omg_add "$OMG_Address" "$authHeader" "$dnsName" "$txtvalue"
+
+}
+
+#Usage: fulldomain txtvalue
+#Remove the txt record after validation.
+dns_omglol_rm() {
+  fulldomain=$1
+  txtvalue=$2
+  OMG_ApiKey="${OMG_ApiKey:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable OMG_ApiKey)}"
+  OMG_Address="${OMG_Address:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable OMG_Address)}"
+
+  # As omg.lol includes a leading @ for their addresses, strip this in case provided
+  OMG_Address="$(echo "$OMG_Address" | tr -d '@')"
+
+  _info "Using omg.lol"
+  _debug "Function" "dns_omglol_rm()"
+  _debug "Full Domain Name" "$fulldomain"
+  _debug "txt Record Value" "$txtvalue"
+  _secure_debug "omg.lol API key" "$OMG_ApiKey"
+  _debug "omg.lol Address" "$OMG_Address"
+
+  omg_validate "$OMG_ApiKey" "$OMG_Address" "$fulldomain"
+  if [ ! $? ]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  dnsName=$(_getDnsRecordName "$fulldomain" "$OMG_Address")
+  authHeader="$(_createAuthHeader "$OMG_ApiKey")"
+
+  omg_delete "$OMG_Address" "$authHeader" "$dnsName" "$txtvalue"
+}
+
+####################  Private functions below ##################################
+# Check that the minimum requirements are present.  Close ungracefully if not
+omg_validate() {
+  omg_apikey=$1
+  omg_address=$2
+  fulldomain=$3
+
+  _debug2 "Function" "dns_validate()"
+  _secure_debug2 "omg.lol API key" "$omg_apikey"
+  _debug2 "omg.lol Address" "$omg_address"
+  _debug2 "Full Domain Name" "$fulldomain"
+
+  if [ "" = "$omg_address" ]; then
+    _err "omg.lol base address not provided.  Exiting"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if [ "" = "$omg_apikey" ]; then
+    _err "omg.lol API key not provided.  Exiting"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _endswith "$fulldomain" "omg.lol"
+  if [ ! $? ]; then
+    _err "Domain name requested is not under omg.lol"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _endswith "$fulldomain" "$omg_address.omg.lol"
+  if [ ! $? ]; then
+    _err "Domain name is not a subdomain of provided omg.lol address $omg_address"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _debug "Required environment parameters are all present"
+}
+
+# Add (or modify) an entry for a new ACME query
+omg_add() {
+  address=$1
+  authHeader=$2
+  dnsName=$3
+  txtvalue=$4
+
+  _info "Creating DNS entry for $dnsName"
+  _debug2 "omg_add()"
+  _debug2 "omg.lol Address: " "$address"
+  _secure_debug2 "omg.lol authorization header: " "$authHeader"
+  _debug2 "Full Domain name:" "$dnsName.$address.omg.lol"
+  _debug2 "TXT value to set:" "$txtvalue"
+
+  export _H1="$authHeader"
+
+  endpoint="https://api.omg.lol/address/$address/dns"
+  _debug2 "Endpoint" "$endpoint"
+
+  payload='{"type": "TXT", "name":"'"$dnsName"'", "data":"'"$txtvalue"'", "ttl":30}'
+  _debug2 "Payload" "$payload"
+
+  response=$(_post "$payload" "$endpoint" "" "POST" "application/json")
+
+  omg_validate_add "$response" "$dnsName.$address" "$txtvalue"
+}
+
+omg_validate_add() {
+  response=$1
+  name=$2
+  content=$3
+
+  _debug "Validating DNS record addition"
+  _debug2 "omg_validate_add()"
+  _debug2 "Response" "$response"
+  _debug2 "DNS Name" "$name"
+  _debug2 "DNS value" "$content"
+
+  _jsonResponseCheck "$response" "success" "true"
+  if [ "1" = "$?" ]; then
+    _err "Response did not report success"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _jsonResponseCheck "$response" "message" "Your DNS record was created successfully."
+  if [ "1" = "$?" ]; then
+    _err "Response message did not indicate DNS record was successfully created"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _jsonResponseCheck "$response" "name" "$name"
+  if [ "1" = "$?" ]; then
+    _err "Response DNS Name did not match the response received"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _jsonResponseCheck "$response" "content" "$content"
+  if [ "1" = "$?" ]; then
+    _err "Response DNS Name did not match the response received"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _info "Record Created successfully"
+  return 0
+}
+
+omg_getRecords() {
+  address=$1
+  authHeader=$2
+  dnsName=$3
+  txtValue=$4
+
+  _debug2 "omg_getRecords()"
+  _debug2 "omg.lol Address: " "$address"
+  _secure_debug2 "omg.lol Auth Header: " "$authHeader"
+  _debug2 "omg.lol DNS name:" "$dnsName"
+  _debug2 "txt Value" "$txtValue"
+
+  export _H1="$authHeader"
+
+  endpoint="https://api.omg.lol/address/$address/dns"
+  _debug2 "Endpoint" "$endpoint"
+
+  payload=$(_get "$endpoint")
+
+  _debug2 "Received Payload:" "$payload"
+
+  # Reformat the JSON to be more parseable
+  recordID=$(echo "$payload" | _stripWhitespace)
+  recordID=$(echo "$recordID" | _exposeJsonArray)
+
+  # Now find the one with the right value, and caputre its ID
+  recordID=$(echo "$recordID" | grep -- "$txtValue" | grep -i -- "$dnsName.$address")
+  _getJsonElement "$recordID" "id"
+}
+
+omg_delete() {
+  address=$1
+  authHeader=$2
+  dnsName=$3
+  txtValue=$4
+
+  _info "Deleting DNS entry for $dnsName with value $txtValue"
+  _debug2 "omg_delete()"
+  _debug2 "omg.lol Address: " "$address"
+  _secure_debug2 "omg.lol Auth Header: " "$authHeader"
+  _debug2 "Full Domain name:" "$dnsName.$address.omg.lol"
+  _debug2 "txt Value" "$txtValue"
+
+  record=$(omg_getRecords "$address" "$authHeader" "$dnsName" "$txtvalue")
+  if [ "" = "$record" ]; then
+    _err "DNS record $address not found!"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  endpoint="https://api.omg.lol/address/$address/dns/$record"
+  _debug2 "Endpoint" "$endpoint"
+
+  export _H1="$authHeader"
+  output=$(_post "" "$endpoint" "" "DELETE")
+
+  _debug2 "Response" "$output"
+
+  omg_validate_delete "$output"
+}
+
+# Validate the response on request to delete.  Confirm stastus is success and
+# Message indicates deletion was successful
+# Input: Response - HTTP response received from delete request
+omg_validate_delete() {
+  response=$1
+
+  _info "Validating DNS record deletion"
+  _debug2 "omg_validate_delete()"
+  _debug2 "Response" "$response"
+
+  _jsonResponseCheck "$output" "success" "true"
+  if [ "1" = "$?" ]; then
+    _err "Response did not report success"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _jsonResponseCheck "$output" "message" "OK, your DNS record has been deleted."
+  if [ "1" = "$?" ]; then
+    _err "Response message did not indicate DNS record was successfully deleted"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _info "Record deleted successfully"
+  return 0
+}
+
+########## Utility Functions #####################################
+# All utility functions only log at debug3
+_jsonResponseCheck() {
+  response=$1
+  field=$2
+  correct=$3
+
+  correct=$(echo "$correct" | _lower_case)
+
+  _debug3 "jsonResponseCheck()"
+  _debug3 "Response to parse" "$response"
+  _debug3 "Field to get response from" "$field"
+  _debug3 "What is the correct response" "$correct"
+
+  responseValue=$(_jsonGetLastResponse "$response" "$field")
+
+  if [ "$responseValue" != "$correct" ]; then
+    _debug3 "Expected: $correct"
+    _debug3 "Actual: $responseValue"
+    return 1
+  else
+    _debug3 "Matched: $responseValue"
+  fi
+  return 0
+}
+
+_jsonGetLastResponse() {
+  response=$1
+  field=$2
+
+  _debug3 "jsonGetLastResponse()"
+  _debug3 "Response provided" "$response"
+  _debug3 "Field to get responses for" "$field"
+
+  responseValue=$(echo "$response" | grep -- "\"$field\"" | cut -f2 -d":")
+
+  _debug3 "Response lines found:" "$responseValue"
+
+  responseValue=$(echo "$responseValue" | sed 's/^ //g' | sed 's/^"//g' | sed 's/\\"//g')
+  responseValue=$(echo "$responseValue" | sed 's/,$//g' | sed 's/"$//g')
+  responseValue=$(echo "$responseValue" | _lower_case)
+
+  _debug3 "Responses found" "$responseValue"
+  _debug3 "Response Selected" "$(echo "$responseValue" | tail -1)"
+
+  echo "$responseValue" | tail -1
+}
+
+_stripWhitespace() {
+  tr -d '\n' | tr -d '\r' | tr -d '\t' | sed -r 's/ +/ /g' | sed 's/\\"//g'
+}
+
+_exposeJsonArray() {
+  sed -r 's/.*\[//g' | tr '}' '|' | tr '{' '|' | sed 's/|, |/|/g' | tr '|' '\n'
+}
+
+_getJsonElement() {
+  content=$1
+  field=$2
+
+  _debug3 "_getJsonElement()"
+  _debug3 "Input JSON element" "$content"
+  _debug3 "JSON element to isolate" "$field"
+
+  # With a single JSON entry to parse, convert commas to newlines puts each element on
+  # its own line - which then allows us to just grep teh name, remove the key, and
+  # isolate the value
+  output=$(echo "$content" | tr ',' '\n' | grep -- "\"$field\":" | sed 's/.*: //g')
+
+  _debug3 "String before unquoting: $output"
+
+  _unquoteString "$output"
+}
+
+_createAuthHeader() {
+  apikey=$1
+
+  _debug3 "_createAuthHeader()"
+  _secure_debug3 "Provided API Key" "$apikey"
+
+  authheader="Authorization: Bearer $apikey"
+  _secure_debug3 "Authorization Header" "$authheader"
+  echo "$authheader"
+}
+
+_getDnsRecordName() {
+  fqdn=$1
+  address=$2
+
+  _debug3 "_getDnsRecordName()"
+  _debug3 "FQDN" "$fqdn"
+  _debug3 "omg.lol Address" "$address"
+
+  echo "$fqdn" | sed 's/\.omg\.lol//g' | sed 's/\.'"$address"'$//g'
+}
+
+_unquoteString() {
+  output=$1
+  quotes=0
+
+  _debug3 "_unquoteString()"
+  _debug3 "Possibly quoted string" "$output"
+
+  _startswith "$output" "\""
+  if [ $? ]; then
+    quotes=$((quotes + 1))
+  fi
+
+  _endswith "$output" "\""
+  if [ $? ]; then
+    quotes=$((quotes + 1))
+  fi
+
+  _debug3 "Original String: $output"
+  _debug3 "Quotes found: $quotes"
+
+  if [ $((quotes)) -gt 1 ]; then
+    output=$(echo "$output" | sed 's/^"//g' | sed 's/"$//g')
+    _debug3 "Quotes removed: $output"
+  fi
+
+  echo "$output"
+}
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_one.sh b/dnsapi/dns_one.sh
index 1565b767..d258ecc1 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_one.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_one.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-# one.com ui wrapper for acme.sh
-
-#
-#     export ONECOM_User="username"
-#     export ONECOM_Password="password"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_one_info='one.com
+Site: one.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_one
+Options:
+ ONECOM_User Username
+ ONECOM_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2103
+'
 
 dns_one_add() {
   fulldomain=$1
@@ -90,7 +94,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
 
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -100,7 +104,7 @@ _get_root() {
     response="$(_get "https://www.one.com/admin/api/domains/$h/dns/custom_records")"
 
     if ! _contains "$response" "CRMRST_000302"; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_online.sh b/dnsapi/dns_online.sh
index 9158c268..7ec27d71 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_online.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_online.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_online_info='online.net
+Domains: scaleway.com
+Site: online.net
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_online
+Options:
+ ONLINE_API_KEY API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2093
+'
 
 # Online API
 # https://console.online.net/en/api/
-#
-# Requires Online API key set in ONLINE_API_KEY
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
@@ -117,7 +124,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -126,7 +133,7 @@ _get_root() {
     _online_rest GET "domain/$h/version/active"
 
     if ! _contains "$response" "Domain not found" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       _real_dns_version=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"uuid_ref":.*' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | cut -d '"' -f 2)
       return 0
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_openprovider.sh b/dnsapi/dns_openprovider.sh
index 0a9e5ade..b584fad2 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_openprovider.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_openprovider.sh
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# This is the OpenProvider API wrapper for acme.sh
-#
-# Author: Sylvia van Os
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2104
-#
-#     export OPENPROVIDER_USER="username"
-#     export OPENPROVIDER_PASSWORDHASH="hashed_password"
-#
-# Usage:
-#     acme.sh --issue --dns dns_openprovider -d example.com
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_openprovider_info='OpenProvider.eu
+Site: OpenProvider.eu
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_openprovider
+Options:
+ OPENPROVIDER_USER Username
+ OPENPROVIDER_PASSWORDHASH Password hash
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2104
+Author: Sylvia van Os
+'
 
 OPENPROVIDER_API="https://api.openprovider.eu/"
 #OPENPROVIDER_API="https://api.cte.openprovider.eu/" # Test API
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ dns_openprovider_add() {
         new_item="$(echo "$item" | sed -n 's/.*<item>.*\(<name>\(.*\)'"$_domain_name"'\.'"$_domain_extension"'<\/name>.*\(<type>.*<\/type>\).*\(<value>.*<\/value>\).*\(<prio>.*<\/prio>\).*\(<ttl>.*<\/ttl>\)\).*<\/item>.*/<item><name>\2<\/name>\3\4\5\6<\/item>/p')"
       fi
 
-      if [ -z "$(echo "$new_item" | _egrep_o ".*<type>(A|AAAA|CNAME|MX|SPF|SRV|TXT|TLSA|SSHFP|CAA|NS)<\/type>.*")" ]; then
+      if [ -z "$(echo "$new_item" | _egrep_o ".*<type>(A|AAAA|CNAME|MX|SPF|SRV|TXT|TLSA|SSHFP|CAA)<\/type>.*")" ]; then
         _debug "not an allowed record type, skipping" "$new_item"
         continue
       fi
@@ -153,7 +152,7 @@ dns_openprovider_rm() {
         new_item="$(echo "$item" | sed -n 's/.*<item>.*\(<name>\(.*\)'"$_domain_name"'\.'"$_domain_extension"'<\/name>.*\(<type>.*<\/type>\).*\(<value>.*<\/value>\).*\(<prio>.*<\/prio>\).*\(<ttl>.*<\/ttl>\)\).*<\/item>.*/<item><name>\2<\/name>\3\4\5\6<\/item>/p')"
       fi
 
-      if [ -z "$(echo "$new_item" | _egrep_o ".*<type>(A|AAAA|CNAME|MX|SPF|SRV|TXT|TLSA|SSHFP|CAA|NS)<\/type>.*")" ]; then
+      if [ -z "$(echo "$new_item" | _egrep_o ".*<type>(A|AAAA|CNAME|MX|SPF|SRV|TXT|TLSA|SSHFP|CAA)<\/type>.*")" ]; then
         _debug "not an allowed record type, skipping" "$new_item"
         continue
       fi
@@ -187,7 +186,7 @@ _get_root() {
 
   results_retrieved=0
   while true; do
-    h=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(echo "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_openstack.sh b/dnsapi/dns_openstack.sh
index fcc1dc2e..fa38bc0b 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_openstack.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_openstack.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,21 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# OpenStack Designate API plugin
-#
-# This requires you to have OpenStackClient and python-desginateclient
-# installed.
-#
-# You will require Keystone V3 credentials loaded into your environment, which
-# could be either password or v3applicationcredential type.
-#
-# Author: Andy Botting <andy@andybotting.com>
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_openstack_info='OpenStack Designate API
+ Depends on OpenStackClient and python-desginateclient.
+ You will require Keystone V3 credentials loaded into your environment,
+ which could be either password or v3 application credential type.
+Site: docs.openstack.org/api-ref/dns/
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_openstack
+Options:
+ OS_AUTH_URL Auth URL. E.g. "https://keystone.example.com:5000/"
+ OS_USERNAME Username
+ OS_PASSWORD Password
+ OS_PROJECT_NAME Project name
+ OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME Project domain name. E.g. "Default"
+ OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME User domain name. E.g. "Default"
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3054
+Author: Andy Botting <andy@andybotting.com>
+'
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_opnsense.sh b/dnsapi/dns_opnsense.sh
index d40cbe28..d1e9c0ac 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_opnsense.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_opnsense.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#OPNsense Bind API
-#https://docs.opnsense.org/development/api.html
-#
-#OPNs_Host="opnsense.example.com"
-#OPNs_Port="443"
-# optional, defaults to 443 if unset
-#OPNs_Key="qocfU9RSbt8vTIBcnW8bPqCrpfAHMDvj5OzadE7Str+rbjyCyk7u6yMrSCHtBXabgDDXx/dY0POUp7ZA"
-#OPNs_Token="pZEQ+3ce8dDlfBBdg3N8EpqpF5I1MhFqdxX06le6Gl8YzyQvYCfCzNaFX9O9+IOSyAs7X71fwdRiZ+Lv"
-#OPNs_Api_Insecure=0
-# optional, defaults to 0 if unset
-# Set 1 for insecure and 0 for secure -> difference is whether ssl cert is checked for validity (0) or whether it is just accepted (1)
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_opnsense_info='OPNsense Server
+Site: docs.opnsense.org/development/api.html
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_opnsense
+Options:
+ OPNs_Host Server Hostname. E.g. "opnsense.example.com"
+ OPNs_Port Port. Default: "443".
+ OPNs_Key API Key
+ OPNs_Token API Token
+ OPNs_Api_Insecure Insecure TLS. 0: check for cert validity, 1: always accept
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2480
+'
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 #Usage: add _acme-challenge.www.domain.com "123456789ABCDEF0000000000000000000000000000000000000"
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ _get_root() {
   fi
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -153,13 +153,13 @@ _get_root() {
     id=$(echo "$_domain_response" | _egrep_o "\"uuid\":\"[a-z0-9\-]*\",\"enabled\":\"1\",\"type\":\"primary\",\"domainname\":\"${h}\"" | cut -d ':' -f 2 | cut -d '"' -f 2)
     if [ -n "$id" ]; then
       _debug id "$id"
-      _host=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _host=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="${h}"
       _domainid="${id}"
       return 0
     fi
     p=$i
-    i=$(_math $i + 1)
+    i=$(_math "$i" + 1)
   done
   _debug "$domain not found"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ovh.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ovh.sh
index e1a958f6..24ad0904 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_ovh.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ovh.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#Application Key
-#OVH_AK="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#Application Secret
-#OVH_AS="sdfsafsdfsdfdsfsdfsa"
-#
-#Consumer Key
-#OVH_CK="sdfsdfsdfsdfsdfdsf"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_ovh_info='OVH.com
+Domains: kimsufi.com soyoustart.com
+Site: OVH.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/How-to-use-OVH-domain-api
+Options:
+ OVH_END_POINT Endpoint. "ovh-eu", "ovh-us", "ovh-ca", "kimsufi-eu", "kimsufi-ca", "soyoustart-eu", "soyoustart-ca" or raw URL. Default: "ovh-eu".
+ OVH_AK Application Key
+ OVH_AS Application Secret
+ OVH_CK Consumer Key
+'
 
 #OVH_END_POINT=ovh-eu
 
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ _initAuth() {
     _saveaccountconf_mutable OVH_END_POINT "$OVH_END_POINT"
   fi
 
-  OVH_API="$(_ovh_get_api $OVH_END_POINT)"
+  OVH_API="$(_ovh_get_api "$OVH_END_POINT")"
   _debug OVH_API "$OVH_API"
 
   OVH_CK="${OVH_CK:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable OVH_CK)}"
@@ -258,7 +260,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -271,7 +273,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if ! _contains "$response" "This service does not exist" >/dev/null &&
       ! _contains "$response" "This call has not been granted" >/dev/null &&
       ! _contains "$response" "NOT_GRANTED_CALL" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_pdns.sh b/dnsapi/dns_pdns.sh
index 6aa2e953..2478e19f 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_pdns.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_pdns.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#PowerDNS Embedded API
-#https://doc.powerdns.com/md/httpapi/api_spec/
-#
-#PDNS_Url="http://ns.example.com:8081"
-#PDNS_ServerId="localhost"
-#PDNS_Token="0123456789ABCDEF"
-#PDNS_Ttl=60
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_pdns_info='PowerDNS Server API
+Site: PowerDNS.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_pdns
+Options:
+ PDNS_Url API URL. E.g. "http://ns.example.com:8081"
+ PDNS_ServerId Server ID. E.g. "localhost"
+ PDNS_Token API Token
+ PDNS_Ttl=60 Domain TTL. Default: "60".
+'
 
 DEFAULT_PDNS_TTL=60
 
@@ -18,6 +20,11 @@ dns_pdns_add() {
   fulldomain=$1
   txtvalue=$2
 
+  PDNS_Url="${PDNS_Url:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Url)}"
+  PDNS_ServerId="${PDNS_ServerId:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable PDNS_ServerId)}"
+  PDNS_Token="${PDNS_Token:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Token)}"
+  PDNS_Ttl="${PDNS_Ttl:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Ttl)}"
+
   if [ -z "$PDNS_Url" ]; then
     PDNS_Url=""
     _err "You don't specify PowerDNS address."
@@ -44,12 +51,12 @@ dns_pdns_add() {
   fi
 
   #save the api addr and key to the account conf file.
-  _saveaccountconf PDNS_Url "$PDNS_Url"
-  _saveaccountconf PDNS_ServerId "$PDNS_ServerId"
-  _saveaccountconf PDNS_Token "$PDNS_Token"
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Url "$PDNS_Url"
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable PDNS_ServerId "$PDNS_ServerId"
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Token "$PDNS_Token"
 
   if [ "$PDNS_Ttl" != "$DEFAULT_PDNS_TTL" ]; then
-    _saveaccountconf PDNS_Ttl "$PDNS_Ttl"
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Ttl "$PDNS_Ttl"
   fi
 
   _debug "Detect root zone"
@@ -71,6 +78,11 @@ dns_pdns_rm() {
   fulldomain=$1
   txtvalue=$2
 
+  PDNS_Url="${PDNS_Url:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Url)}"
+  PDNS_ServerId="${PDNS_ServerId:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable PDNS_ServerId)}"
+  PDNS_Token="${PDNS_Token:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Token)}"
+  PDNS_Ttl="${PDNS_Ttl:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable PDNS_Ttl)}"
+
   if [ -z "$PDNS_Ttl" ]; then
     PDNS_Ttl="$DEFAULT_PDNS_TTL"
   fi
@@ -179,7 +191,7 @@ _get_root() {
   fi
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
 
     if _contains "$_zones_response" "\"name\":\"$h.\""; then
       _domain="$h."
@@ -192,7 +204,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       return 1
     fi
-    i=$(_math $i + 1)
+    i=$(_math "$i" + 1)
   done
   _debug "$domain not found"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_pleskxml.sh b/dnsapi/dns_pleskxml.sh
index 81973e07..6b38abcb 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_pleskxml.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_pleskxml.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_pleskxml_info='Plesk Server API
+Site: Plesk.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_pleskxml
+Options:
+ pleskxml_uri Plesk server API URL. E.g. "https://your-plesk-server.net:8443/enterprise/control/agent.php"
+ pleskxml_user Username
+ pleskxml_pass Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2577
+Author: Stilez, <https://github.com/romanlum>
+'
 
-##  Name: dns_pleskxml.sh
-##  Created by Stilez.
-##  Also uses some code from PR#1832 by @romanlum (https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/pull/1832/files)
-
-##  This DNS-01 method uses the Plesk XML API described at:
+##  Plesk XML API described at:
 ##  https://docs.plesk.com/en-US/12.5/api-rpc/about-xml-api.28709
 ##  and more specifically: https://docs.plesk.com/en-US/12.5/api-rpc/reference.28784
 
@@ -16,21 +23,6 @@
 ##  For ACME v2 purposes, new TXT records are appended when added, and removing one TXT record will not affect any other TXT records.
 
 ##  The user credentials (username+password) and URL/URI for the Plesk XML API must be set by the user
-##  before this module is called (case sensitive):
-##
-##  ```
-##  export pleskxml_uri="https://address-of-my-plesk-server.net:8443/enterprise/control/agent.php"
-##          (or probably something similar)
-##  export pleskxml_user="my plesk username"
-##  export pleskxml_pass="my plesk password"
-##  ```
-
-##  Ok, let's issue a cert now:
-##  ```
-##  acme.sh --issue --dns dns_pleskxml -d example.com -d www.example.com
-##  ```
-##
-##  The `pleskxml_uri`, `pleskxml_user` and `pleskxml_pass` will be saved in `~/.acme.sh/account.conf` and reused when needed.
 
 ####################  INTERNAL VARIABLES + NEWLINE + API TEMPLATES ##################################
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_pointhq.sh b/dnsapi/dns_pointhq.sh
index 62313109..0abc087b 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_pointhq.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_pointhq.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#PointHQ_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#PointHQ_Email="xxxx@sss.com"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_pointhq_info='pointhq.com PointDNS
+Site: pointhq.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_pointhq
+Options:
+ PointHQ_Key API Key
+ PointHQ_Email Email
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2060
+'
 
 PointHQ_Api="https://api.pointhq.com"
 
@@ -114,7 +118,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -126,7 +130,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_porkbun.sh b/dnsapi/dns_porkbun.sh
index ad4455b6..1681ca9a 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_porkbun.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_porkbun.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#PORKBUN_API_KEY="pk1_0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef"
-#PORKBUN_SECRET_API_KEY="sk1_0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef"
-
-PORKBUN_Api="https://porkbun.com/api/json/v3"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_porkbun_info='Porkbun.com
+Site: Porkbun.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_porkbun
+Options:
+ PORKBUN_API_KEY API Key
+ PORKBUN_SECRET_API_KEY API Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3450
+'
+
+PORKBUN_Api="https://api.porkbun.com/api/json/v3"
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
@@ -88,7 +93,7 @@ dns_porkbun_rm() {
       _err "Delete record error."
       return 1
     fi
-    echo "$response" | tr -d " " | grep '\"status\":"SUCCESS"' >/dev/null
+    echo "$response" | tr -d " " | grep '"status":"SUCCESS"' >/dev/null
   fi
 
 }
@@ -102,7 +107,7 @@ _get_root() {
   domain=$1
   i=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       return 1
@@ -134,7 +139,7 @@ _porkbun_rest() {
   api_key_trimmed=$(echo "$PORKBUN_API_KEY" | tr -d '"')
   secret_api_key_trimmed=$(echo "$PORKBUN_SECRET_API_KEY" | tr -d '"')
 
-  test -z "$data" && data="{" || data="$(echo $data | cut -d'}' -f1),"
+  test -z "$data" && data="{" || data="$(echo "$data" | cut -d'}' -f1),"
   data="$data\"apikey\":\"$api_key_trimmed\",\"secretapikey\":\"$secret_api_key_trimmed\"}"
 
   export _H1="Content-Type: application/json"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_rackcorp.sh b/dnsapi/dns_rackcorp.sh
index 6aabfddc..b8fc73ab 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_rackcorp.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_rackcorp.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Provider: RackCorp (www.rackcorp.com)
-# Author: Stephen Dendtler (sdendtler@rackcorp.com)
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/senjoo/acme.sh
-# Alternate email contact: support@rackcorp.com
-#
-# You'll need an API key (Portal: ADMINISTRATION -> API)
-# Set the environment variables as below:
-#
-#    export RACKCORP_APIUUID="UUIDHERE"
-#    export RACKCORP_APISECRET="SECRETHERE"
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_rackcorp_info='RackCorp.com
+Site: RackCorp.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_rackcorp
+Options:
+ RACKCORP_APIUUID API UUID. See Portal: ADMINISTRATION -> API
+ RACKCORP_APISECRET API Secret
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3351
+Author: Stephen Dendtler <sdendtler@rackcorp.com>
+'
 
 RACKCORP_API_ENDPOINT="https://api.rackcorp.net/api/rest/v2.4/json.php"
 
@@ -85,7 +83,7 @@ _get_root() {
     return 1
   fi
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug searchhost "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       _err "Could not find domain for record $domain in RackCorp using the provided credentials"
@@ -97,7 +95,7 @@ _get_root() {
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"matches\":1"; then
       if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\""; then
-        _lookup=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _lookup=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain="$h"
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_rackspace.sh b/dnsapi/dns_rackspace.sh
index b50d9168..05ec14a6 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_rackspace.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_rackspace.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#
-#
-#RACKSPACE_Username=""
-#
-#RACKSPACE_Apikey=""
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_rackspace_info='RackSpace.com
+Site: RackSpace.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_rackspace
+Options:
+ RACKSPACE_Apikey API Key
+ RACKSPACE_Username Username
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2091
+'
 
 RACKSPACE_Endpoint="https://dns.api.rackspacecloud.com/v1.0"
 
@@ -68,7 +72,7 @@ _get_root_zone() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -84,7 +88,7 @@ _get_root_zone() {
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | sed -n "s/^.*\"id\":\"\([^,]*\)\",\"accountId\":\"[0-9]*\",\"name\":\"$h\",.*/\1/p")
       _debug2 domain_id "$_domain_id"
       if [ -n "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_rage4.sh b/dnsapi/dns_rage4.sh
index 4af4541d..ad312759 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_rage4.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_rage4.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#RAGE4_TOKEN="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#RAGE4_USERNAME="xxxx@sss.com"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_rage4_info='rage4.com
+Site: rage4.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_rage4
+Options:
+ RAGE4_TOKEN API Key
+ RAGE4_USERNAME Username
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4306
+'
 
 RAGE4_Api="https://rage4.com/rapi/"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_rcode0.sh b/dnsapi/dns_rcode0.sh
index d3f7f219..4ffdf572 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_rcode0.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_rcode0.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,20 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_rcode0_info='Rcode0 rcodezero.at
+Site: rcodezero.at
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_rcode0
+Options:
+ RCODE0_URL API URL. E.g. "https://my.rcodezero.at"
+ RCODE0_API_TOKEN API Token
+ RCODE0_TTL TTL. Default: "60".
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2490
+'
 
 #Rcode0 API Integration
 #https://my.rcodezero.at/api-doc
 #
 # log into https://my.rcodezero.at/enableapi and  get your ACME API Token (the ACME API token has limited
 # access to the REST calls needed for acme.sh only)
-#
-#RCODE0_URL="https://my.rcodezero.at"
-#RCODE0_API_TOKEN="0123456789ABCDEF"
-#RCODE0_TTL=60
 
 DEFAULT_RCODE0_URL="https://my.rcodezero.at"
 DEFAULT_RCODE0_TTL=60
@@ -165,7 +171,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
 
     _debug "try to find: $h"
     if _rcode0_rest "GET" "/api/v1/acme/zones/$h"; then
@@ -183,7 +189,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       return 1
     fi
-    i=$(_math $i + 1)
+    i=$(_math "$i" + 1)
   done
   _debug "no matching domain for $domain found"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_regru.sh b/dnsapi/dns_regru.sh
index 8ff380f0..be5ae117 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_regru.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_regru.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-# REGRU_API_Username="test"
-#
-# REGRU_API_Password="test"
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_regru_info='reg.ru
+Site: reg.ru
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_regru
+Options:
+ REGRU_API_Username Username
+ REGRU_API_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2336
+'
 
 REGRU_API_URL="https://api.reg.ru/api/regru2"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_scaleway.sh b/dnsapi/dns_scaleway.sh
index a0a0f318..4cbf68d2 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_scaleway.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_scaleway.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_scaleway_info='ScaleWay.com
+Site: ScaleWay.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_scaleway
+Options:
+ SCALEWAY_API_TOKEN API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3295
+'
 
 # Scaleway API
 # https://developers.scaleway.com/en/products/domain/dns/api/
-#
-# Requires Scaleway API token set in SCALEWAY_API_TOKEN
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
@@ -35,9 +41,7 @@ dns_scaleway_add() {
     _err error "$response"
     return 1
   fi
-  _info "Record added."
 
-  return 0
 }
 
 dns_scaleway_rm() {
@@ -65,9 +69,7 @@ dns_scaleway_rm() {
     _err error "$response"
     return 1
   fi
-  _info "Record deleted."
 
-  return 0
 }
 
 ####################  Private functions below ##################################
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ _get_root() {
     _scaleway_rest GET "dns-zones/$h/records"
 
     if ! _contains "$response" "subdomain not found" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_schlundtech.sh b/dnsapi/dns_schlundtech.sh
index 399c50e0..6d2930a2 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_schlundtech.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_schlundtech.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-# -*- mode: sh; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: s; coding: utf-8 -*-
-
-# Schlundtech DNS API
-# Author: mod242
-# Created: 2019-40-29
-# Completly based on the autoDNS xml api wrapper by auerswald@gmail.com
-#
-#     export SCHLUNDTECH_USER="username"
-#     export SCHLUNDTECH_PASSWORD="password"
-#
-# Usage:
-#     acme.sh --issue --dns dns_schlundtech -d example.com
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_schlundtech_info='SchlundTech.de
+Site: SchlundTech.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_schlundtech
+Options:
+ SCHLUNDTECH_USER Username
+ SCHLUNDTECH_PASSWORD Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2246
+Author: <https://github.com/mod242>
+'
 
 SCHLUNDTECH_API="https://gateway.schlundtech.de"
 
@@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ _get_autodns_zone() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
 
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
@@ -126,7 +124,7 @@ _get_autodns_zone() {
     if _contains "$autodns_response" "<summary>1</summary>" >/dev/null; then
       _zone="$(echo "$autodns_response" | _egrep_o '<name>[^<]*</name>' | cut -d '>' -f 2 | cut -d '<' -f 1)"
       _system_ns="$(echo "$autodns_response" | _egrep_o '<system_ns>[^<]*</system_ns>' | cut -d '>' -f 2 | cut -d '<' -f 1)"
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       return 0
     fi
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_selectel.sh b/dnsapi/dns_selectel.sh
index 1b09882d..8b52b24e 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_selectel.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_selectel.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#SL_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_selectel_info='Selectel.com
+Domains: Selectel.ru
+Site: Selectel.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_selectel
+Options:
+ SL_Key API Key
+'
 
 SL_Api="https://api.selectel.ru/domains/v1"
 
@@ -113,7 +117,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -121,7 +125,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\" *: *\"$h\","; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       _debug "Getting domain id for $h"
       if ! _sl_rest GET "/$h"; then
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_selfhost.sh b/dnsapi/dns_selfhost.sh
index a6ef1f94..4912dfdf 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_selfhost.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_selfhost.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#
-#       Author: Marvin Edeler
-#       Report Bugs here: https://github.com/Marvo2011/acme.sh/issues/1
-#	Last Edit: 17.02.2022
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_selfhost_info='SelfHost.de
+Site: SelfHost.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_selfhost
+Options:
+ SELFHOSTDNS_USERNAME Username
+ SELFHOSTDNS_PASSWORD Password
+ SELFHOSTDNS_MAP Subdomain name
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4291
+Author: Marvin Edeler
+'
 
 dns_selfhost_add() {
   fulldomain=$1
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_servercow.sh b/dnsapi/dns_servercow.sh
index 52137905..d6994681 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_servercow.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_servercow.sh
@@ -1,19 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-##########
-# Custom servercow.de DNS API v1 for use with [acme.sh](https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh)
-#
-# Usage:
-# export SERVERCOW_API_Username=username
-# export SERVERCOW_API_Password=password
-# acme.sh --issue -d example.com --dns dns_servercow
-#
-# Issues:
-# Any issues / questions / suggestions can be posted here:
-# https://github.com/jhartlep/servercow-dns-api/issues
-#
-# Author: Jens Hartlep
-##########
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_servercow_info='ServerCow.de
+Site: ServerCow.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_servercow
+Options:
+ SERVERCOW_API_Username Username
+ SERVERCOW_API_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/jhartlep/servercow-dns-api/issues
+Author: Jens Hartlep
+'
 
 SERVERCOW_API="https://api.servercow.de/dns/v1/domains"
 
@@ -86,7 +81,6 @@ dns_servercow_add() {
     return 1
   fi
 
-  return 1
 }
 
 # Usage fulldomain txtvalue
@@ -142,7 +136,7 @@ _get_root() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
 
     _debug _domain "$_domain"
     if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
@@ -155,7 +149,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if ! _contains "$response" '"error":"no such domain in user context"' >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       if [ -z "$_sub_domain" ]; then
         # not valid
         return 1
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_simply.sh b/dnsapi/dns_simply.sh
index 6a8d0e18..e0ad16e2 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_simply.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_simply.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_simply_info='Simply.com
+Site: Simply.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_simply
+Options:
+ SIMPLY_AccountName Account name
+ SIMPLY_ApiKey API Key
+'
 
-# API-integration for Simply.com (https://www.simply.com)
-
-#SIMPLY_AccountName="accountname"
-#SIMPLY_ApiKey="apikey"
-#
 #SIMPLY_Api="https://api.simply.com/2/"
 SIMPLY_Api_Default="https://api.simply.com/2"
 
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -176,7 +179,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if ! _contains "$response" "$SIMPLY_SUCCESS_CODE"; then
       _debug "$h not found"
     else
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_tele3.sh b/dnsapi/dns_tele3.sh
index 76c90913..e5974951 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_tele3.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_tele3.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-#
-# tele3.cz DNS API
-#
-# Author: Roman Blizik
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/par-pa/acme.sh
-#
-# --
-# export TELE3_Key="MS2I4uPPaI..."
-# export TELE3_Secret="kjhOIHGJKHg"
-# --
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_tele3_info='tele3.cz
+Site: tele3.cz
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#tele3
+Options:
+ TELE3_Key API Key
+ TELE3_Secret API Secret
+Author: Roman Blizik <https://github.com/par-pa>
+'
 
 TELE3_API="https://www.tele3.cz/acme/"
 
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_tencent.sh b/dnsapi/dns_tencent.sh
index 2f8d3b67..d82768b9 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_tencent.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_tencent.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_tencent_info='Tencent.com
+Site: cloud.Tencent.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_tencent
+Options:
+ Tencent_SecretId Secret ID
+ Tencent_SecretKey Secret Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4781
+'
 Tencent_API="https://dnspod.tencentcloudapi.com"
 
-#Tencent_SecretId="AKIDz81d2cd22cdcdc2dcd1cc1d1A"
-#Tencent_SecretKey="Gu5t9abcabcaabcbabcbbbcbcbbccbbcb"
-
 #Usage: dns_tencent_add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
 dns_tencent_add() {
   fulldomain=$1
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_timeweb.sh b/dnsapi/dns_timeweb.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9860872c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_timeweb.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+
+# acme.sh DNS API for Timeweb Cloud provider (https://timeweb.cloud).
+#
+# Author: https://github.com/nikolaypronchev.
+#
+# Prerequisites:
+# Timeweb Cloud API JWT token. Obtain one from the Timeweb Cloud control panel
+# ("API and Terraform" section: https://timeweb.cloud/my/api-keys). The JWT token
+# must be provided to this script in one of two ways:
+# 1.  As the "TW_Token" variable, for example: "export TW_Token=eyJhbG...zUxMiIs";
+# 2.  As a "TW_Token" config entry in acme.sh account config file
+#     (usually located at ~/.acme.sh/account.conf by default).
+
+TW_Api="https://api.timeweb.cloud/api/v1"
+
+################  Public functions ################
+
+# Adds an ACME DNS-01 challenge DNS TXT record via the Timeweb Cloud API.
+#
+# Param1: The ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN.
+# Param2: The value of the ACME DNS-01 challenge TXT record.
+#
+# Example: dns_timeweb_add "_acme-challenge.sub.domain.com" "D-52Wm...4uYM"
+dns_timeweb_add() {
+  _debug "$(__green "Timeweb DNS API"): \"dns_timeweb_add\" started."
+
+  _timeweb_set_acme_fqdn "$1" || return 1
+  _timeweb_set_acme_txt "$2" || return 1
+  _timeweb_check_token || return 1
+  _timeweb_split_acme_fqdn || return 1
+  _timeweb_dns_txt_add || return 1
+
+  _debug "$(__green "Timeweb DNS API"): \"dns_timeweb_add\" finished."
+}
+
+# Removes a DNS TXT record via the Timeweb Cloud API.
+#
+# Param1: The ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN.
+# Param2: The value of the ACME DNS-01 challenge TXT record.
+#
+# Example: dns_timeweb_rm "_acme-challenge.sub.domain.com" "D-52Wm...4uYM"
+dns_timeweb_rm() {
+  _debug "$(__green "Timeweb DNS API"): \"dns_timeweb_rm\" started."
+
+  _timeweb_set_acme_fqdn "$1" || return 1
+  _timeweb_set_acme_txt "$2" || return 1
+  _timeweb_check_token || return 1
+  _timeweb_split_acme_fqdn || return 1
+  _timeweb_get_dns_txt || return 1
+  _timeweb_dns_txt_remove || return 1
+
+  _debug "$(__green "Timeweb DNS API"): \"dns_timeweb_rm\" finished."
+}
+
+################  Private functions ################
+
+# Checks and sets the ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN.
+#
+# Param1: The ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN.
+#
+# Example: _timeweb_set_acme_fqdn "_acme-challenge.sub.domain.com"
+#
+# Sets the "Acme_Fqdn" variable (_acme-challenge.sub.domain.com)
+_timeweb_set_acme_fqdn() {
+  Acme_Fqdn=$1
+  _debug "Setting ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN \"$Acme_Fqdn\"."
+  [ -z "$Acme_Fqdn" ] && {
+    _err "ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN is empty."
+    return 1
+  }
+  return 0
+}
+
+# Checks and sets the value of the ACME DNS-01 challenge TXT record.
+#
+# Param1: Value of the ACME DNS-01 challenge TXT record.
+#
+# Example: _timeweb_set_acme_txt "D-52Wm...4uYM"
+#
+# Sets the "Acme_Txt" variable to the provided value (D-52Wm...4uYM)
+_timeweb_set_acme_txt() {
+  Acme_Txt=$1
+  _debug "Setting the value of the ACME DNS-01 challenge TXT record to \"$Acme_Txt\"."
+  [ -z "$Acme_Txt" ] && {
+    _err "ACME DNS-01 challenge TXT record value is empty."
+    return 1
+  }
+  return 0
+}
+
+# Checks if the Timeweb Cloud API JWT token is present (refer to the script description).
+# Adds or updates the token in the acme.sh account configuration.
+_timeweb_check_token() {
+  _debug "Checking for the presence of the Timeweb Cloud API JWT token."
+
+  TW_Token="${TW_Token:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable TW_Token)}"
+
+  [ -z "$TW_Token" ] && {
+    _err "Timeweb Cloud API JWT token was not found."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable TW_Token "$TW_Token"
+}
+
+# Divides the ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN into its main domain and subdomain components.
+_timeweb_split_acme_fqdn() {
+  _debug "Trying to divide \"$Acme_Fqdn\" into its main domain and subdomain components."
+
+  TW_Page_Limit=100
+  TW_Page_Offset=0
+  TW_Domains_Returned=""
+
+  while [ -z "$TW_Domains_Returned" ] || [ "$TW_Domains_Returned" -ge "$TW_Page_Limit" ]; do
+
+    _timeweb_list_domains "$TW_Page_Limit" "$TW_Page_Offset" || return 1
+
+    # Remove the 'subdomains' subarray to prevent confusion with FQDNs.
+
+    TW_Domains=$(
+      echo "$TW_Domains" |
+        sed 's/"subdomains":\[[^]]*]//g'
+    )
+
+    [ -z "$TW_Domains" ] && {
+      _err "Failed to parse the list of domains."
+      return 1
+    }
+
+    while
+      TW_Domain=$(
+        echo "$TW_Domains" |
+          sed -n 's/.*{[^{]*"fqdn":"\([^"]*\)"[^}]*}.*/\1/p'
+      )
+
+      [ -n "$TW_Domain" ] && {
+        _timeweb_is_main_domain "$TW_Domain" && return 0
+
+        TW_Domains=$(
+          echo "$TW_Domains" |
+            sed 's/{\([^{]*"fqdn":"'"$TW_Domain"'"[^}]*\)}//'
+        )
+        continue
+      }
+    do :; done
+
+    TW_Page_Offset=$(_math "$TW_Page_Offset" + "$TW_Page_Limit")
+  done
+
+  _err "Failed to divide \"$Acme_Fqdn\" into its main domain and subdomain components."
+  return 1
+}
+
+# Searches for a previously added DNS TXT record.
+#
+# Sets the "TW_Dns_Txt_Id" variable.
+_timeweb_get_dns_txt() {
+  _debug "Trying to locate a DNS TXT record with the value \"$Acme_Txt\"."
+
+  TW_Page_Limit=100
+  TW_Page_Offset=0
+  TW_Dns_Records_Returned=""
+
+  while [ -z "$TW_Dns_Records_Returned" ] || [ "$TW_Dns_Records_Returned" -ge "$TW_Page_Limit" ]; do
+
+    _timeweb_list_dns_records "$TW_Page_Limit" "$TW_Page_Offset" || return 1
+
+    while
+      Dns_Record=$(
+        echo "$TW_Dns_Records" |
+          sed -n 's/.*{\([^{]*{[^{]*'"$Acme_Txt"'[^}]*}[^}]*\)}.*/\1/p'
+      )
+
+      [ -n "$Dns_Record" ] && {
+        _timeweb_is_added_txt "$Dns_Record" && return 0
+
+        TW_Dns_Records=$(
+          echo "$TW_Dns_Records" |
+            sed 's/{\([^{]*{[^{]*'"$Acme_Txt"'[^}]*}[^}]*\)}//'
+        )
+        continue
+      }
+    do :; done
+
+    TW_Page_Offset=$(_math "$TW_Page_Offset" + "$TW_Page_Limit")
+  done
+
+  _err "DNS TXT record was not found."
+  return 1
+}
+
+# Lists domains via the Timeweb Cloud API.
+#
+# Param 1: Limit for listed domains.
+# Param 2: Offset for domains list.
+#
+# Sets the "TW_Domains" variable.
+# Sets the "TW_Domains_Returned" variable.
+_timeweb_list_domains() {
+  _debug "Listing domains via Timeweb Cloud API. Limit: $1, offset: $2."
+
+  export _H1="Authorization: Bearer $TW_Token"
+
+  if ! TW_Domains=$(_get "$TW_Api/domains?limit=$1&offset=$2"); then
+    _err "The request to the Timeweb Cloud API failed."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  [ -z "$TW_Domains" ] && {
+    _err "Empty response from the Timeweb Cloud API."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  TW_Domains_Returned=$(
+    echo "$TW_Domains" |
+      sed 's/.*"meta":{"total":\([0-9]*\)[^0-9].*/\1/'
+  )
+
+  [ -z "$TW_Domains_Returned" ] && {
+    _err "Failed to extract the total count of domains."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  [ "$TW_Domains_Returned" -eq "0" ] && {
+    _err "Domains are missing."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  _debug "Domains returned by Timeweb Cloud API: $TW_Domains_Returned."
+}
+
+# Lists domain DNS records via the Timeweb Cloud API.
+#
+# Param 1: Limit for listed DNS records.
+# Param 2: Offset for DNS records list.
+#
+# Sets the "TW_Dns_Records" variable.
+# Sets the "TW_Dns_Records_Returned" variable.
+_timeweb_list_dns_records() {
+  _debug "Listing domain DNS records via the Timeweb Cloud API. Limit: $1, offset: $2."
+
+  export _H1="Authorization: Bearer $TW_Token"
+
+  if ! TW_Dns_Records=$(_get "$TW_Api/domains/$TW_Main_Domain/dns-records?limit=$1&offset=$2"); then
+    _err "The request to the Timeweb Cloud API failed."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  [ -z "$TW_Dns_Records" ] && {
+    _err "Empty response from the Timeweb Cloud API."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  TW_Dns_Records_Returned=$(
+    echo "$TW_Dns_Records" |
+      sed 's/.*"meta":{"total":\([0-9]*\)[^0-9].*/\1/'
+  )
+
+  [ -z "$TW_Dns_Records_Returned" ] && {
+    _err "Failed to extract the total count of DNS records."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  [ "$TW_Dns_Records_Returned" -eq "0" ] && {
+    _err "DNS records are missing."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  _debug "DNS records returned by Timeweb Cloud API: $TW_Dns_Records_Returned."
+}
+
+# Verifies whether the domain is the primary domain for the ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN.
+# The requirement is that the provided domain is the top-level domain
+# for the ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN.
+#
+# Param 1: Domain object returned by Timeweb Cloud API.
+#
+# Sets the "TW_Main_Domain" variable (e.g. "_acme-challenge.s1.domain.co.uk" → "domain.co.uk").
+# Sets the "TW_Subdomains" variable (e.g. "_acme-challenge.s1.domain.co.uk" → "_acme-challenge.s1").
+_timeweb_is_main_domain() {
+  _debug "Checking if \"$1\" is the main domain of the ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN."
+
+  [ -z "$1" ] && {
+    _debug "Failed to extract FQDN. Skipping domain."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  ! echo ".$Acme_Fqdn" | grep -qi "\.$1$" && {
+    _debug "Domain does not match the ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN. Skipping domain."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  TW_Main_Domain=$1
+  TW_Subdomains=$(
+    echo "$Acme_Fqdn" |
+      sed "s/\.*.\{${#1}\}$//"
+  )
+
+  _debug "Matched domain. ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN  split as [$TW_Subdomains].[$TW_Main_Domain]."
+  return 0
+}
+
+# Verifies whether a DNS record was previously added based on the following criteria:
+# - The value matches the ACME DNS-01 challenge TXT record value;
+# - The record type is TXT;
+# - The subdomain matches the ACME DNS-01 challenge FQDN.
+#
+# Param 1: DNS record object returned by Timeweb Cloud API.
+#
+# Sets the "TW_Dns_Txt_Id" variable.
+_timeweb_is_added_txt() {
+  _debug "Checking if \"$1\" is a previously added DNS TXT record."
+
+  echo "$1" | grep -qv '"type":"TXT"' && {
+    _debug "Not a TXT record. Skipping the record."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  if [ -n "$TW_Subdomains" ]; then
+    echo "$1" | grep -qvi "\"subdomain\":\"$TW_Subdomains\"" && {
+      _debug "Subdomains do not match. Skipping the record."
+      return 1
+    }
+  else
+    echo "$1" | grep -q '"subdomain\":"..*"' && {
+      _debug "Subdomains do not match. Skipping the record."
+      return 1
+    }
+  fi
+
+  TW_Dns_Txt_Id=$(
+    echo "$1" |
+      sed 's/.*"id":\([0-9]*\)[^0-9].*/\1/'
+  )
+
+  [ -z "$TW_Dns_Txt_Id" ] && {
+    _debug "Failed to extract the DNS record ID. Skipping the record."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  _debug "Matching DNS TXT record ID is \"$TW_Dns_Txt_Id\"."
+  return 0
+}
+
+# Adds a DNS TXT record via the Timeweb Cloud API.
+_timeweb_dns_txt_add() {
+  _debug "Adding a new DNS TXT record via the Timeweb Cloud API."
+
+  export _H1="Authorization: Bearer $TW_Token"
+  export _H2="Content-Type: application/json"
+
+  if ! TW_Response=$(
+    _post "{
+      \"subdomain\":\"$TW_Subdomains\",
+      \"type\":\"TXT\",
+      \"value\":\"$Acme_Txt\"
+    }" \
+      "$TW_Api/domains/$TW_Main_Domain/dns-records"
+  ); then
+    _err "The request to the Timeweb Cloud API failed."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  [ -z "$TW_Response" ] && {
+    _err "An unexpected empty response was received from the Timeweb Cloud API."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  TW_Dns_Txt_Id=$(
+    echo "$TW_Response" |
+      sed 's/.*"id":\([0-9]*\)[^0-9].*/\1/'
+  )
+
+  [ -z "$TW_Dns_Txt_Id" ] && {
+    _err "Failed to extract the DNS TXT Record ID."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  _debug "DNS TXT record has been added. ID: \"$TW_Dns_Txt_Id\"."
+}
+
+# Removes a DNS record via the Timeweb Cloud API.
+_timeweb_dns_txt_remove() {
+  _debug "Removing DNS record via the Timeweb Cloud API."
+
+  export _H1="Authorization: Bearer $TW_Token"
+
+  if ! TW_Response=$(
+    _post \
+      "" \
+      "$TW_Api/domains/$TW_Main_Domain/dns-records/$TW_Dns_Txt_Id" \
+      "" \
+      "DELETE"
+  ); then
+    _err "The request to the Timeweb Cloud API failed."
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  [ -n "$TW_Response" ] && {
+    _err "Received an unexpected response body from the Timeweb Cloud API."
+    return 1
+  }
+
+  _debug "DNS TXT record with ID \"$TW_Dns_Txt_Id\" has been removed."
+}
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_transip.sh b/dnsapi/dns_transip.sh
index 64a256ec..2abbe34d 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_transip.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_transip.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_transip_info='TransIP.nl
+Site: TransIP.nl
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_transip
+Options:
+ TRANSIP_Username Username
+ TRANSIP_Key_File Private key file path
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2949
+'
+
 TRANSIP_Api_Url="https://api.transip.nl/v6"
 TRANSIP_Token_Read_Only="false"
 TRANSIP_Token_Expiration="30 minutes"
@@ -45,14 +55,14 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
 
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
     fi
 
-    _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+    _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
     _domain="$h"
 
     if _transip_rest GET "domains/$h/dns" && _contains "$response" "dnsEntries"; then
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_udr.sh b/dnsapi/dns_udr.sh
index caada826..f9772e10 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_udr.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_udr.sh
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# united-domains Reselling (https://www.ud-reselling.com/) DNS API
-# Author: Andreas Scherer (https://github.com/andischerer)
-# Created: 2021-02-01
-#
-# Set the environment variables as below:
-#
-#    export UDR_USER="your_username_goes_here"
-#    export UDR_PASS="some_password_goes_here"
-#
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_udr_info='united-domains Reselling
+Site: ud-reselling.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_udr
+Options:
+ UDR_USER Username
+ UDR_PASS Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3923
+Author: Andreas Scherer <https://github.com/andischerer>
+'
 
 UDR_API="https://api.domainreselling.de/api/call.cgi"
 UDR_TTL="30"
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ _get_root() {
   fi
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
 
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_ultra.sh b/dnsapi/dns_ultra.sh
index 0f26bd97..e8da431c 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_ultra.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_ultra.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-# ULTRA_USR="your_user_goes_here"
-#
-# ULTRA_PWD="some_password_goes_here"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_ultra_info='UltraDNS.com
+Site: UltraDNS.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_ultra
+Options:
+ ULTRA_USR Username
+ ULTRA_PWD Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2118
+'
 
 ULTRA_API="https://api.ultradns.com/v3/"
 ULTRA_AUTH_API="https://api.ultradns.com/v2/"
@@ -111,7 +115,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     _debug response "$response"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
@@ -124,7 +128,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "${response}" "${h}." >/dev/null; then
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "${h}" | head -1)
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain="${h}"
         _debug sub_domain "${_sub_domain}"
         _debug domain "${_domain}"
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_unoeuro.sh b/dnsapi/dns_unoeuro.sh
index 13ba8a00..ff70c8b6 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_unoeuro.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_unoeuro.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#UNO_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#UNO_User="UExxxxxx"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_unoeuro_info='unoeuro.com
+ Deprecated. The unoeuro.com is now simply.com
+Site: unoeuro.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_unoeuro
+Options:
+ UNO_Key API Key
+ UNO_User Username
+'
 
 Uno_Api="https://api.simply.com/1"
 
@@ -129,7 +133,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=2
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -143,7 +147,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"status\": 200"; then
       _domain_id=$h
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_variomedia.sh b/dnsapi/dns_variomedia.sh
index aa743807..fa38bbb6 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_variomedia.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_variomedia.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#VARIOMEDIA_API_TOKEN=000011112222333344445555666677778888
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_variomedia_info='variomedia.de
+Site: variomedia.de
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_variomedia
+Options:
+ VARIOMEDIA_API_TOKEN API Token
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2564
+'
 
 VARIOMEDIA_API="https://api.variomedia.de"
 
@@ -97,7 +102,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       return 1
     fi
@@ -107,7 +112,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"id\":\"$h\""; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d '.' -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d '.' -f 1-"$p")
       _domain="$h"
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_veesp.sh b/dnsapi/dns_veesp.sh
index b8a41d00..1afeeb30 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_veesp.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_veesp.sh
@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# bug reports to stepan@plyask.in
-
-#
-#     export VEESP_User="username"
-#     export VEESP_Password="password"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_veesp_info='veesp.com
+Site: veesp.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_veesp
+Options:
+ VEESP_User Username
+ VEESP_Password Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3712
+Author: <stepan@plyask.in>
+'
 
 VEESP_Api="https://secure.veesp.com/api"
 
@@ -108,7 +112,7 @@ _get_root() {
     return 1
   fi
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -121,7 +125,7 @@ _get_root() {
       _service_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$response" | _egrep_o "\"name\":\"$h\",\"service_id\":[^}]*" | cut -d : -f 3 | cut -d '"' -f 2)
       _debug _service_id "$_service_id"
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain="$h"
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_vercel.sh b/dnsapi/dns_vercel.sh
index 7bf6b0e5..469f7670 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_vercel.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_vercel.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_vercel_info='Vercel.com
+Site: Vercel.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_vercel
+Options:
+ VERCEL_TOKEN API Token
+'
 
-# Vercel DNS API
-#
 # This is your API token which can be acquired on the account page.
 # https://vercel.com/account/tokens
-#
-# VERCEL_TOKEN="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
 
 VERCEL_API="https://api.vercel.com"
 
@@ -91,7 +94,7 @@ _get_root() {
   i=1
   p=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
       return 1
@@ -102,7 +105,7 @@ _get_root() {
     fi
 
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\"" >/dev/null; then
-      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+      _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
       _domain=$h
       return 0
     fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_vscale.sh b/dnsapi/dns_vscale.sh
index d717d6e2..c3915c69 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_vscale.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_vscale.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_vscale_info='vscale.io
+Site: vscale.io
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_vscale
+Options:
+ VSCALE_API_KEY API Key
+Author: Alex Loban <https://github.com/LAV45>
+'
 
-#This is the vscale.io api wrapper for acme.sh
-#
-#Author: Alex Loban
-#Report Bugs here: https://github.com/LAV45/acme.sh
-
-#VSCALE_API_KEY="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
 VSCALE_API_URL="https://api.vscale.io/v1"
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ _get_root() {
   if _vscale_rest GET "domains/"; then
     response="$(echo "$response" | tr -d "\n" | sed 's/{/\n&/g')"
     while true; do
-      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+      h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
       _debug h "$h"
       if [ -z "$h" ]; then
         #not valid
@@ -106,7 +108,7 @@ _get_root() {
       if [ "$hostedzone" ]; then
         _domain_id=$(printf "%s\n" "$hostedzone" | _egrep_o "\"id\":\s*[0-9]+" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \ )
         if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+          _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
           _domain=$h
           return 0
         fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_vultr.sh b/dnsapi/dns_vultr.sh
index 54e5b6ce..61ec3f60 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_vultr.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_vultr.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#VULTR_API_KEY=000011112222333344445555666677778888
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_vultr_info='vultr.com
+Site: vultr.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_vultr
+Options:
+ VULTR_API_KEY API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2374
+Author:
+'
 
 VULTR_Api="https://api.vultr.com/v2"
 
@@ -106,7 +112,7 @@ _get_root() {
   domain=$1
   i=1
   while true; do
-    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    _domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$_domain"
     if [ -z "$_domain" ]; then
       return 1
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_websupport.sh b/dnsapi/dns_websupport.sh
index e824c9c0..bfc4b23a 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_websupport.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_websupport.sh
@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# Acme.sh DNS API wrapper for websupport.sk
-#
-# Original author: trgo.sk (https://github.com/trgosk)
-# Tweaks by: akulumbeg (https://github.com/akulumbeg)
-# Report Bugs here: https://github.com/akulumbeg/acme.sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_websupport_info='Websupport.sk
+Site: Websupport.sk
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_websupport
+Options:
+ WS_ApiKey API Key. Called "Identifier" in the WS Admin
+ WS_ApiSecret API Secret. Called "Secret key" in the WS Admin
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3486
+Author: trgo.sk <https://github.com/trgosk>, akulumbeg <https://github.com/akulumbeg>
+'
 
 # Requirements: API Key and Secret from https://admin.websupport.sk/en/auth/apiKey
-#
-# WS_ApiKey="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
-# (called "Identifier" in the WS Admin)
-#
-# WS_ApiSecret="xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
-# (called "Secret key" in the WS Admin)
 
 WS_Api="https://rest.websupport.sk"
 
@@ -123,7 +121,7 @@ _get_root() {
   p=1
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -137,7 +135,7 @@ _get_root() {
     if _contains "$response" "\"name\":\"$h\""; then
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o "\[.\"id\": *[^,]*" | _head_n 1 | cut -d : -f 2 | tr -d \" | tr -d " ")
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_world4you.sh b/dnsapi/dns_world4you.sh
index dfda4efd..be6ef5c8 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_world4you.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_world4you.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-# World4You - www.world4you.com
-# Lorenz Stechauner, 2020 - https://www.github.com/NerLOR
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_world4you_info='World4You.com
+Site: World4You.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_world4you
+Options:
+ WORLD4YOU_USERNAME Username
+ WORLD4YOU_PASSWORD Password
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/3269
+Author: Lorenz Stechauner <https://www.github.com/NerLOR>
+'
 
 WORLD4YOU_API="https://my.world4you.com/en"
 PAKETNR=''
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_yandex.sh b/dnsapi/dns_yandex.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 0a2c3330..00000000
--- a/dnsapi/dns_yandex.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env sh
-# Author: non7top@gmail.com
-# 07 Jul 2017
-# report bugs at https://github.com/non7top/acme.sh
-
-# Values to export:
-# export PDD_Token="xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
-
-# Sometimes cloudflare / google doesn't pick new dns records fast enough.
-# You can add --dnssleep XX to params as workaround.
-
-########  Public functions #####################
-
-#Usage: dns_myapi_add   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com   "XKrxpRBosdIKFzxW_CT3KLZNf6q0HG9i01zxXp5CPBs"
-dns_yandex_add() {
-  fulldomain="${1}"
-  txtvalue="${2}"
-  _debug "Calling: dns_yandex_add() '${fulldomain}' '${txtvalue}'"
-
-  _PDD_credentials || return 1
-
-  _PDD_get_domain || return 1
-  _debug "Found suitable domain: $domain"
-
-  _PDD_get_record_ids || return 1
-  _debug "Record_ids: $record_ids"
-
-  if [ -n "$record_ids" ]; then
-    _info "All existing $subdomain records from $domain will be removed at the very end."
-  fi
-
-  data="domain=${domain}&type=TXT&subdomain=${subdomain}&ttl=300&content=${txtvalue}"
-  uri="https://pddimp.yandex.ru/api2/admin/dns/add"
-  result="$(_post "${data}" "${uri}" | _normalizeJson)"
-  _debug "Result: $result"
-
-  if ! _contains "$result" '"success":"ok"'; then
-    if _contains "$result" '"success":"error"' && _contains "$result" '"error":"record_exists"'; then
-      _info "Record already exists."
-    else
-      _err "Can't add $subdomain to $domain."
-      return 1
-    fi
-  fi
-}
-
-#Usage: dns_myapi_rm   _acme-challenge.www.domain.com
-dns_yandex_rm() {
-  fulldomain="${1}"
-  _debug "Calling: dns_yandex_rm() '${fulldomain}'"
-
-  _PDD_credentials || return 1
-
-  _PDD_get_domain "$fulldomain" || return 1
-  _debug "Found suitable domain: $domain"
-
-  _PDD_get_record_ids "${domain}" "${subdomain}" || return 1
-  _debug "Record_ids: $record_ids"
-
-  for record_id in $record_ids; do
-    data="domain=${domain}&record_id=${record_id}"
-    uri="https://pddimp.yandex.ru/api2/admin/dns/del"
-    result="$(_post "${data}" "${uri}" | _normalizeJson)"
-    _debug "Result: $result"
-
-    if ! _contains "$result" '"success":"ok"'; then
-      _info "Can't remove $subdomain from $domain."
-    fi
-  done
-}
-
-####################  Private functions below ##################################
-
-_PDD_get_domain() {
-  subdomain_start=1
-  while true; do
-    domain_start=$(_math $subdomain_start + 1)
-    domain=$(echo "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f "$domain_start"-)
-    subdomain=$(echo "$fulldomain" | cut -d . -f -"$subdomain_start")
-
-    _debug "Checking domain $domain"
-    if [ -z "$domain" ]; then
-      return 1
-    fi
-
-    uri="https://pddimp.yandex.ru/api2/admin/dns/list?domain=$domain"
-    result="$(_get "${uri}" | _normalizeJson)"
-    _debug "Result: $result"
-
-    if _contains "$result" '"success":"ok"'; then
-      return 0
-    fi
-    subdomain_start=$(_math $subdomain_start + 1)
-  done
-}
-
-_PDD_credentials() {
-  if [ -z "${PDD_Token}" ]; then
-    PDD_Token=""
-    _err "You need to export PDD_Token=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx."
-    _err "You can get it at https://pddimp.yandex.ru/api2/admin/get_token."
-    return 1
-  else
-    _saveaccountconf PDD_Token "${PDD_Token}"
-  fi
-  export _H1="PddToken: $PDD_Token"
-}
-
-_PDD_get_record_ids() {
-  _debug "Check existing records for $subdomain"
-
-  uri="https://pddimp.yandex.ru/api2/admin/dns/list?domain=${domain}"
-  result="$(_get "${uri}" | _normalizeJson)"
-  _debug "Result: $result"
-
-  if ! _contains "$result" '"success":"ok"'; then
-    return 1
-  fi
-
-  record_ids=$(echo "$result" | _egrep_o "{[^{]*\"subdomain\":\"${subdomain}\"[^}]*}" | sed -n -e 's#.*"record_id": \([0-9]*\).*#\1#p')
-}
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_yandex360.sh b/dnsapi/dns_yandex360.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c6b6053d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_yandex360.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_yandex360_info='Yandex 360 for Business DNS API.
+Yandex 360 for Business is a digital environment for effective collaboration.
+Site: https://360.yandex.com/
+Docs: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_yandex360
+Options:
+ YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID OAuth 2.0 ClientID
+ YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET OAuth 2.0 Client secret
+OptionsAlt:
+ YANDEX360_ORG_ID Organization ID. Optional.
+ YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN OAuth 2.0 Access token. Optional.
+Issues: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/5213
+Author: <Als@admin.ru.net>
+'
+
+YANDEX360_API_BASE='https://api360.yandex.net/directory/v1'
+YANDEX360_OAUTH_BASE='https://oauth.yandex.ru'
+
+########  Public functions #####################
+
+dns_yandex360_add() {
+  fulldomain="$(_idn "$1")"
+  txtvalue=$2
+  _info 'Using Yandex 360 DNS API'
+
+  if ! _check_variables; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if ! _get_root "$fulldomain"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  sub_domain=$(echo "$fulldomain" | sed "s/\.$root_domain$//")
+
+  _debug 'Adding Yandex 360 DNS record for subdomain' "$sub_domain"
+  dns_api_url="${YANDEX360_API_BASE}/org/${YANDEX360_ORG_ID}/domains/${root_domain}/dns"
+  data='{"name":"'"$sub_domain"'","type":"TXT","ttl":60,"text":"'"$txtvalue"'"}'
+
+  response="$(_post "$data" "$dns_api_url" '' 'POST' 'application/json')"
+
+  if _contains "$response" 'recordId'; then
+    return 0
+  else
+    _debug 'Response' "$response"
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
+
+dns_yandex360_rm() {
+  fulldomain="$(_idn "$1")"
+  txtvalue=$2
+  _info 'Using Yandex 360 DNS API'
+
+  if ! _check_variables; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if ! _get_root "$fulldomain"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _debug 'Retrieving 100 records from Yandex 360 DNS'
+  dns_api_url="${YANDEX360_API_BASE}/org/${YANDEX360_ORG_ID}/domains/${root_domain}/dns?perPage=100"
+  response="$(_get "$dns_api_url" '' '')"
+
+  if ! _contains "$response" "$txtvalue"; then
+    _info 'DNS record not found. Nothing to remove.'
+    _debug 'Response' "$response"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  response="$(echo "$response" | _normalizeJson)"
+
+  record_id=$(
+    echo "$response" |
+      _egrep_o '\{[^}]*'"${txtvalue}"'[^}]*\}' |
+      _egrep_o '"recordId":[0-9]*' |
+      cut -d':' -f2
+  )
+
+  if [ -z "$record_id" ]; then
+    _err 'Unable to get record ID to remove'
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _debug 'Removing DNS record' "$record_id"
+  delete_url="${YANDEX360_API_BASE}/org/${YANDEX360_ORG_ID}/domains/${root_domain}/dns/${record_id}"
+
+  response="$(_post '' "$delete_url" '' 'DELETE')"
+
+  if _contains "$response" '{}'; then
+    return 0
+  else
+    _debug 'Response' "$response"
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
+
+####################  Private functions below ##################################
+
+_check_variables() {
+  YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID="${YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID)}"
+  YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET="${YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET)}"
+  YANDEX360_ORG_ID="${YANDEX360_ORG_ID:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_ORG_ID)}"
+  YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN="${YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN)}"
+  YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN="${YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN)}"
+
+  if [ -n "$YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN" ]; then
+    _info '========================================='
+    _info '              ATTENTION'
+    _info '========================================='
+    _info 'A manually provided Yandex 360 access token has been detected, which is not recommended.'
+    _info 'Please note that this token is valid for a limited time after issuance.'
+    _info 'It is recommended to obtain the token interactively using acme.sh for one-time setup.'
+    _info 'Subsequent token renewals will be handled automatically.'
+    _info 'For more details, please visit: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_yandex360'
+    _info '========================================='
+
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN "$YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN"
+    export _H1="Authorization: OAuth $YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN"
+
+  elif [ -z "$YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID" ] || [ -z "$YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET" ]; then
+    _err '========================================='
+    _err '                 ERROR'
+    _err '========================================='
+    _err 'The required environment variables YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID and YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET are not set.'
+    _err 'Alternatively, you can set YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN environment variable.'
+    _err 'For more details, please visit: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_yandex360'
+    _err '========================================='
+    return 1
+
+  else
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID "$YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID"
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET "$YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET"
+
+    if [ -n "$YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN" ]; then
+      _debug 'Refresh token found. Attempting to refresh access token.'
+    fi
+
+    _refresh_token || _get_token || return 1
+  fi
+
+  if [ -z "$YANDEX360_ORG_ID" ]; then
+    org_response="$(_get "${YANDEX360_API_BASE}/org" '' '')"
+
+    if _contains "$org_response" '"organizations"'; then
+      org_response="$(echo "$org_response" | _normalizeJson)"
+      YANDEX360_ORG_ID=$(
+        echo "$org_response" |
+          _egrep_o '"id":[[:space:]]*[0-9]+' |
+          cut -d':' -f2
+      )
+      _debug 'Automatically retrieved YANDEX360_ORG_ID' "$YANDEX360_ORG_ID"
+    else
+      _err '========================================='
+      _err '                 ERROR'
+      _err '========================================='
+      _err "Failed to retrieve YANDEX360_ORG_ID automatically."
+      _err 'For more details, please visit: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_yandex360'
+      _err '========================================='
+      _debug 'Response' "$org_response"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  return 0
+}
+
+_get_token() {
+  _info "$(__red '=========================================')"
+  _info "$(__red '                 NOTICE')"
+  _info "$(__red '=========================================')"
+  _info "$(__red 'Before using the Yandex 360 API, you need to complete an authorization procedure.')"
+  _info "$(__red 'The initial access token is obtained interactively and is a one-time operation.')"
+  _info "$(__red 'Subsequent API requests will be handled automatically.')"
+  _info "$(__red '=========================================')"
+
+  _info 'Initiating device authorization flow'
+  device_code_url="${YANDEX360_OAUTH_BASE}/device/code"
+
+  hostname=$(uname -n)
+  data="client_id=$YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID&device_id=acme.sh ${hostname}&device_name=acme.sh ${hostname}"
+
+  response="$(_post "$data" "$device_code_url" '' 'POST')"
+
+  if ! _contains "$response" 'device_code'; then
+    _err 'Failed to get device code'
+    _debug 'Response' "$response"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  response="$(echo "$response" | _normalizeJson)"
+
+  device_code=$(
+    echo "$response" |
+      _egrep_o '"device_code":"[^"]*"' |
+      cut -d'"' -f4
+  )
+  _debug 'Device code' "$device_code"
+
+  user_code=$(
+    echo "$response" |
+      _egrep_o '"user_code":"[^"]*"' |
+      cut -d'"' -f4
+  )
+  _debug 'User code' "$user_code"
+
+  verification_url=$(
+    echo "$response" |
+      _egrep_o '"verification_url":"[^"]*"' |
+      cut -d'"' -f4
+  )
+  _debug 'Verification URL' "$verification_url"
+
+  interval=$(
+    echo "$response" |
+      _egrep_o '"interval":[[:space:]]*[0-9]+' |
+      cut -d':' -f2
+  )
+  _debug 'Polling interval' "$interval"
+
+  _info "$(__red 'Please visit '"$verification_url"' and log in as an organization administrator')"
+  _info "$(__red 'Once logged in, enter the code: '"$user_code"' on the page from the previous step')"
+  _info "$(__red 'Waiting for authorization...')"
+
+  _debug 'Polling for token'
+  token_url="${YANDEX360_OAUTH_BASE}/token"
+
+  while true; do
+    data="grant_type=device_code&code=$device_code&client_id=$YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID&client_secret=$YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET"
+
+    response="$(_post "$data" "$token_url" '' 'POST')"
+
+    if _contains "$response" 'access_token'; then
+      response="$(echo "$response" | _normalizeJson)"
+      YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN=$(
+        echo "$response" |
+          _egrep_o '"access_token":"[^"]*"' |
+          cut -d'"' -f4
+      )
+      YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN=$(
+        echo "$response" |
+          _egrep_o '"refresh_token":"[^"]*"' |
+          cut -d'"' -f4
+      )
+
+      _secure_debug 'Obtained access token' "$YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN"
+      _secure_debug 'Obtained refresh token' "$YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN"
+
+      _saveaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN "$YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN"
+
+      export _H1="Authorization: OAuth $YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN"
+
+      _info 'Access token obtained successfully'
+      return 0
+    elif _contains "$response" 'authorization_pending'; then
+      _debug 'Response' "$response"
+      _debug "Authorization pending. Waiting $interval seconds before next attempt."
+      _sleep "$interval"
+    else
+      _debug 'Response' "$response"
+      _err 'Failed to get access token'
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+}
+
+_refresh_token() {
+  token_url="${YANDEX360_OAUTH_BASE}/token"
+
+  data="grant_type=refresh_token&refresh_token=$YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN&client_id=$YANDEX360_CLIENT_ID&client_secret=$YANDEX360_CLIENT_SECRET"
+
+  response="$(_post "$data" "$token_url" '' 'POST')"
+
+  if _contains "$response" 'access_token'; then
+    response="$(echo "$response" | _normalizeJson)"
+    YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN=$(
+      echo "$response" |
+        _egrep_o '"access_token":"[^"]*"' |
+        cut -d'"' -f4
+    )
+    YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN=$(
+      echo "$response" |
+        _egrep_o '"refresh_token":"[^"]*"' |
+        cut -d'"' -f4
+    )
+
+    _secure_debug 'Received access token' "$YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN"
+    _secure_debug 'Received refresh token' "$YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN"
+
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN "$YANDEX360_REFRESH_TOKEN"
+
+    export _H1="Authorization: OAuth $YANDEX360_ACCESS_TOKEN"
+
+    _info 'Access token refreshed successfully'
+    return 0
+  else
+    _info 'Failed to refresh token. Will attempt to obtain a new one.'
+    _debug 'Response' "$response"
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
+
+_get_root() {
+  domain="$1"
+
+  for org_id in $YANDEX360_ORG_ID; do
+    _debug 'Checking organization ID' "$org_id"
+    domains_api_url="${YANDEX360_API_BASE}/org/${org_id}/domains"
+
+    domains_response="$(_get "$domains_api_url" '' '')"
+
+    if ! _contains "$domains_response" '"domains"'; then
+      _debug 'No domains found for organization' "$org_id"
+      _debug 'Response' "$domains_response"
+      continue
+    fi
+
+    domains_response="$(echo "$domains_response" | _normalizeJson)"
+    domain_names=$(
+      echo "$domains_response" |
+        _egrep_o '"name":"[^"]*"' |
+        cut -d'"' -f4
+    )
+
+    for d in $domain_names; do
+      d="$(_idn "$d")"
+      _debug 'Checking domain' "$d"
+
+      if _endswith "$domain" "$d"; then
+        root_domain="$d"
+        break
+      fi
+    done
+
+    if [ -n "$root_domain" ]; then
+      _debug "Root domain found: $root_domain in organization $org_id"
+
+      YANDEX360_ORG_ID="$org_id"
+      _saveaccountconf_mutable YANDEX360_ORG_ID "$YANDEX360_ORG_ID"
+
+      return 0
+    fi
+  done
+
+  if [ -z "$root_domain" ]; then
+    _err "Could not find a matching root domain for $domain in any organization"
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_yc.sh b/dnsapi/dns_yc.sh
index ec3bbc87..36c49ce4 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_yc.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_yc.sh
@@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_yc_info='Yandex Cloud DNS
+Site: Cloud.Yandex.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_yc
+Options:
+ YC_Zone_ID DNS Zone ID
+ YC_Folder_ID YC Folder ID
+ YC_SA_ID Service Account ID
+ YC_SA_Key_ID Service Account IAM Key ID
+ YC_SA_Key_File_Path Private key file path. Optional.
+ YC_SA_Key_File_PEM_b64 Base64 content of private key file. Use instead of Path to private key file. Optional.
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/4210
+'
 
-#YC_Zone_ID="" # DNS Zone ID
-#YC_Folder_ID="" # YC Folder ID
-#YC_SA_ID="" # Service Account ID
-#YC_SA_Key_ID="" # Service Account IAM Key ID
-#YC_SA_Key_File_Path="/path/to/private.key" # Path to private.key use instead of YC_SA_Key_File_PEM_b64
-#YC_SA_Key_File_PEM_b64="" # Base64 content of private.key use instead of YC_SA_Key_File_Path
 YC_Api="https://dns.api.cloud.yandex.net/dns/v1"
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
@@ -172,7 +179,7 @@ _get_root() {
   fi
 
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
@@ -190,7 +197,7 @@ _get_root() {
       _domain_id=$(echo "$response" | _normalizeJson | _egrep_o "[^{]*\"zone\":\"$h\"[^}]*" | _egrep_o "\"id\"[^,]*" | _egrep_o "[^:]*$" | tr -d '"')
       _debug _domain_id "$_domain_id"
       if [ "$_domain_id" ]; then
-        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-$p)
+        _sub_domain=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f 1-"$p")
         _domain=$h
         return 0
       fi
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_zilore.sh b/dnsapi/dns_zilore.sh
index 42111025..a4bacac5 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_zilore.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_zilore.sh
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_zilore_info='Zilore.com
+Site: Zilore.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_zilore
+Options:
+ Zilore_Key API Key
+'
 
 Zilore_API="https://api.zilore.com/dns/v1"
-# Zilore_Key="YOUR-ZILORE-API-KEY"
 
 ########  Public functions #####################
 
@@ -92,9 +98,9 @@ dns_zilore_rm() {
 
 _get_root() {
   domain=$1
-  i=2
+  i=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       #not valid
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_zone.sh b/dnsapi/dns_zone.sh
index 176fc494..cf82e5f4 100755
--- a/dnsapi/dns_zone.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_zone.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,16 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_zone_info='Zone.eu
+Site: Zone.eu
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_zone
+Options:
+ ZONE_Username Username
+ ZONE_Key API Key
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/2146
+'
 
 # Zone.ee dns API
 # https://help.zone.eu/kb/zoneid-api-v2/
-# required ZONE_Username and ZONE_Key
 
 ZONE_Api="https://api.zone.eu/v2"
 ########  Public functions #####################
@@ -129,9 +137,9 @@ _zone_rest() {
 
 _get_root() {
   domain=$1
-  i=2
+  i=1
   while true; do
-    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f $i-100)
+    h=$(printf "%s" "$domain" | cut -d . -f "$i"-100)
     _debug h "$h"
     if [ -z "$h" ]; then
       return 1
diff --git a/dnsapi/dns_zonomi.sh b/dnsapi/dns_zonomi.sh
index 52a889ea..ee817381 100644
--- a/dnsapi/dns_zonomi.sh
+++ b/dnsapi/dns_zonomi.sh
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
-
-#
-#ZM_Key="sdfsdfsdfljlbjkljlkjsdfoiwje"
-#
-#https://zonomi.com dns api
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_zonomi_info='zonomi.com
+Site: zonomi.com
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_zonomi
+Options:
+ ZM_Key API Key
+'
 
 ZM_Api="https://zonomi.com/app/dns/dyndns.jsp"
 
diff --git a/notify/bark.sh b/notify/bark.sh
index bbd5bf34..fd9ebd76 100644
--- a/notify/bark.sh
+++ b/notify/bark.sh
@@ -1,32 +1,40 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
 
-#Support iOS Bark Notification
+# Support iOS Bark Notification
 
-#BARK_API_URL="https://api.day.app/xxxx"
-#BARK_SOUND="yyyy"
-#BARK_GROUP="zzzz"
+# Every parameter explained: https://github.com/Finb/bark-server/blob/master/docs/API_V2.md#push
 
-# subject  content statusCode
+# BARK_API_URL="https://api.day.app/xxxx" (required)
+# BARK_GROUP="ACME" (optional)
+# BARK_SOUND="alarm" (optional)
+# BARK_LEVEL="active" (optional)
+# BARK_BADGE=0 (optional)
+# BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY="1" (optional)
+# BARK_COPY="My clipboard Content" (optional)
+# BARK_ICON="https://example.com/icon.png" (optional)
+# BARK_ISARCHIVE="1" (optional)
+# BARK_URL="https://example.com" (optional)
+
+# subject content statusCode
 bark_send() {
   _subject="$1"
   _content="$2"
-  _statusCode="$3" #0: success, 1: error 2($RENEW_SKIP): skipped
+  _statusCode="$3" # 0: success, 1: error, 2: skipped
   _debug "_subject" "$_subject"
   _debug "_content" "$_content"
   _debug "_statusCode" "$_statusCode"
 
+  _content=$(echo "$_content" | _url_encode)
+  _subject=$(echo "$_subject" | _url_encode)
+
   BARK_API_URL="${BARK_API_URL:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_API_URL)}"
   if [ -z "$BARK_API_URL" ]; then
-    BARK_API_URL=""
     _err "You didn't specify a Bark API URL BARK_API_URL yet."
     _err "You can download Bark from App Store and get yours."
     return 1
   fi
   _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_API_URL "$BARK_API_URL"
 
-  BARK_SOUND="${BARK_SOUND:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_SOUND)}"
-  _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_SOUND "$BARK_SOUND"
-
   BARK_GROUP="${BARK_GROUP:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_GROUP)}"
   if [ -z "$BARK_GROUP" ]; then
     BARK_GROUP="ACME"
@@ -35,10 +43,79 @@ bark_send() {
     _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_GROUP "$BARK_GROUP"
   fi
 
-  _content=$(echo "$_content" | _url_encode)
-  _subject=$(echo "$_subject" | _url_encode)
+  BARK_SOUND="${BARK_SOUND:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_SOUND)}"
+  if [ -n "$BARK_SOUND" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_SOUND "$BARK_SOUND"
+  fi
+
+  BARK_LEVEL="${BARK_LEVEL:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_LEVEL)}"
+  if [ -n "$BARK_LEVEL" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_LEVEL "$BARK_LEVEL"
+  fi
+
+  BARK_BADGE="${BARK_BADGE:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_BADGE)}"
+  if [ -n "$BARK_BADGE" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_BADGE "$BARK_BADGE"
+  fi
+
+  BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY="${BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY)}"
+  if [ -n "$BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY "$BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY"
+  fi
+
+  BARK_COPY="${BARK_COPY:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_COPY)}"
+  if [ -n "$BARK_COPY" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_COPY "$BARK_COPY"
+  fi
+
+  BARK_ICON="${BARK_ICON:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_ICON)}"
+  if [ -n "$BARK_ICON" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_ICON "$BARK_ICON"
+  fi
+
+  BARK_ISARCHIVE="${BARK_ISARCHIVE:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_ISARCHIVE)}"
+  if [ -n "$BARK_ISARCHIVE" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_ISARCHIVE "$BARK_ISARCHIVE"
+  fi
+
+  BARK_URL="${BARK_URL:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BARK_URL)}"
+  if [ -n "$BARK_URL" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BARK_URL "$BARK_URL"
+  fi
+
+  _params=""
+
+  if [ -n "$BARK_SOUND" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&sound=$BARK_SOUND"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "$BARK_GROUP" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&group=$BARK_GROUP"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "$BARK_LEVEL" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&level=$BARK_LEVEL"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "$BARK_BADGE" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&badge=$BARK_BADGE"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "$BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&automaticallyCopy=$BARK_AUTOMATICALLYCOPY"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "$BARK_COPY" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&copy=$BARK_COPY"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "$BARK_ICON" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&icon=$BARK_ICON"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "$BARK_ISARCHIVE" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&isArchive=$BARK_ISARCHIVE"
+  fi
+  if [ -n "$BARK_URL" ]; then
+    _params="$_params&url=$BARK_URL"
+  fi
+
+  _params=$(echo "$_params" | sed 's/^&//') # remove leading '&' if exists
 
-  response="$(_get "$BARK_API_URL/$_subject/$_content?sound=$BARK_SOUND&group=$BARK_GROUP")"
+  response="$(_get "$BARK_API_URL/$_subject/$_content?$_params")"
 
   if [ "$?" = "0" ] && _contains "$response" "success"; then
     _info "Bark API fired success."
diff --git a/notify/ntfy.sh b/notify/ntfy.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..650d1c74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/notify/ntfy.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+
+# support ntfy
+
+#NTFY_URL="https://ntfy.sh"
+#NTFY_TOPIC="xxxxxxxxxxxxx"
+
+ntfy_send() {
+  _subject="$1"
+  _content="$2"
+  _statusCode="$3" #0: success, 1: error 2($RENEW_SKIP): skipped
+  _debug "_subject" "$_subject"
+  _debug "_content" "$_content"
+  _debug "_statusCode" "$_statusCode"
+
+  NTFY_URL="${NTFY_URL:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NTFY_URL)}"
+  if [ "$NTFY_URL" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable NTFY_URL "$NTFY_URL"
+  fi
+
+  NTFY_TOPIC="${NTFY_TOPIC:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable NTFY_TOPIC)}"
+  if [ "$NTFY_TOPIC" ]; then
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable NTFY_TOPIC "$NTFY_TOPIC"
+  fi
+
+  _data="${_subject}. $_content"
+  response="$(_post "$_data" "$NTFY_URL/$NTFY_TOPIC" "" "POST" "")"
+
+  if [ "$?" = "0" ] && _contains "$response" "expires"; then
+    _info "ntfy event fired success."
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  _err "ntfy event fired error."
+  _err "$response"
+  return 1
+}
diff --git a/notify/teams.sh b/notify/teams.sh
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 1bc5ed08..5e8fe6c0
--- a/notify/teams.sh
+++ b/notify/teams.sh
@@ -3,10 +3,6 @@
 #Support Microsoft Teams webhooks
 
 #TEAMS_WEBHOOK_URL=""
-#TEAMS_THEME_COLOR=""
-#TEAMS_SUCCESS_COLOR=""
-#TEAMS_ERROR_COLOR=""
-#TEAMS_SKIP_COLOR=""
 
 teams_send() {
   _subject="$1"
@@ -14,9 +10,9 @@ teams_send() {
   _statusCode="$3" #0: success, 1: error 2($RENEW_SKIP): skipped
   _debug "_statusCode" "$_statusCode"
 
-  _color_success="2cbe4e" # green
-  _color_danger="cb2431"  # red
-  _color_muted="586069"   # gray
+  _color_success="Good"
+  _color_danger="Attention"
+  _color_muted="Accent"
 
   TEAMS_WEBHOOK_URL="${TEAMS_WEBHOOK_URL:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_WEBHOOK_URL)}"
   if [ -z "$TEAMS_WEBHOOK_URL" ]; then
@@ -26,26 +22,6 @@ teams_send() {
   fi
   _saveaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_WEBHOOK_URL "$TEAMS_WEBHOOK_URL"
 
-  TEAMS_THEME_COLOR="${TEAMS_THEME_COLOR:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_THEME_COLOR)}"
-  if [ -n "$TEAMS_THEME_COLOR" ]; then
-    _saveaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_THEME_COLOR "$TEAMS_THEME_COLOR"
-  fi
-
-  TEAMS_SUCCESS_COLOR="${TEAMS_SUCCESS_COLOR:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_SUCCESS_COLOR)}"
-  if [ -n "$TEAMS_SUCCESS_COLOR" ]; then
-    _saveaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_SUCCESS_COLOR "$TEAMS_SUCCESS_COLOR"
-  fi
-
-  TEAMS_ERROR_COLOR="${TEAMS_ERROR_COLOR:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_ERROR_COLOR)}"
-  if [ -n "$TEAMS_ERROR_COLOR" ]; then
-    _saveaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_ERROR_COLOR "$TEAMS_ERROR_COLOR"
-  fi
-
-  TEAMS_SKIP_COLOR="${TEAMS_SKIP_COLOR:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_SKIP_COLOR)}"
-  if [ -n "$TEAMS_SKIP_COLOR" ]; then
-    _saveaccountconf_mutable TEAMS_SKIP_COLOR "$TEAMS_SKIP_COLOR"
-  fi
-
   export _H1="Content-Type: application/json"
 
   _subject=$(echo "$_subject" | _json_encode)
@@ -63,16 +39,35 @@ teams_send() {
     ;;
   esac
 
-  _color=$(echo "$_color" | tr -cd 'a-fA-F0-9')
-  if [ -z "$_color" ]; then
-    _color=$(echo "${TEAMS_THEME_COLOR:-$_color_muted}" | tr -cd 'a-fA-F0-9')
-  fi
-
-  _data="{\"title\": \"$_subject\","
-  if [ -n "$_color" ]; then
-    _data="$_data\"themeColor\": \"$_color\", "
-  fi
-  _data="$_data\"text\": \"$_content\"}"
+  _data="{
+    \"type\": \"message\",
+    \"attachments\": [
+        {
+            \"contentType\": \"application/vnd.microsoft.card.adaptive\",
+            \"contentUrl\": null,
+            \"content\": {
+                \"schema\": \"http://adaptivecards.io/schemas/adaptive-card.json\",
+                \"type\": \"AdaptiveCard\",
+                \"version\": \"1.2\",
+                \"body\": [
+                    {
+                        \"type\": \"TextBlock\",
+                        \"size\": \"large\",
+                        \"weight\": \"bolder\",
+                        \"wrap\": true,
+                        \"color\": \"$_color\",
+                        \"text\": \"$_subject\"
+                    },
+                    {
+                        \"type\": \"TextBlock\",
+                        \"text\": \"$_content\",
+                        \"wrap\": true
+                    }
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+}"
 
   if response=$(_post "$_data" "$TEAMS_WEBHOOK_URL"); then
     if ! _contains "$response" error; then
diff --git a/notify/telegram.sh b/notify/telegram.sh
index 454b4146..cca8ee25 100644
--- a/notify/telegram.sh
+++ b/notify/telegram.sh
@@ -27,11 +27,12 @@ telegram_send() {
   fi
   _saveaccountconf_mutable TELEGRAM_BOT_CHATID "$TELEGRAM_BOT_CHATID"
 
-  _content="$(printf "%s" "$_content" | sed -e 's/\([_*`\[]\)/\\\\\1/g')"
+  _subject="$(printf "%s" "$_subject" | sed 's/\\/\\\\\\\\/g' | sed 's/\]/\\\\\]/g' | sed 's/\([_*[()~`>#+--=|{}.!]\)/\\\\\1/g')"
+  _content="$(printf "%s" "$_content" | sed 's/\\/\\\\\\\\/g' | sed 's/\]/\\\\\]/g' | sed 's/\([_*[()~`>#+--=|{}.!]\)/\\\\\1/g')"
   _content="$(printf "*%s*\n%s" "$_subject" "$_content" | _json_encode)"
   _data="{\"text\": \"$_content\", "
   _data="$_data\"chat_id\": \"$TELEGRAM_BOT_CHATID\", "
-  _data="$_data\"parse_mode\": \"markdown\", "
+  _data="$_data\"parse_mode\": \"MarkdownV2\", "
   _data="$_data\"disable_web_page_preview\": \"1\"}"
 
   _debug "$_data"